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Introduction

Travel and Tourism is a larger part of the hospitality industry which provides necessary and preferred goods and services to travellers. This report will focus on the nature and trends of tourism on an international scale. Tourist generating and receiving countries will be investigated in this report to identify the key characteristics of these. The report will also investigate the reasons for generating global tourism and receiving areas. The report will also compare the global tourism destinations on the basis of life cycle, growth and strategies used in the destinations. International organisation for tourism will also be considered in the report to identify the role and responsibilities of these organisations for growth and development of tourism. At the end of this report will identify the threats, challenges and issues in the context of the future development of global tourism. 

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P1 Interpret statistics to accurately present an overview of the nature and trends of tourism on a global scale

It is significant to identify and analyse the nature and trends of the tourism industry in the international market. The nature of tourism is closely linked with travelling which also includes regular change and development in the tourism sector. The development of activities created as a base of a group of people as a traveller.Travel and Tourism is part of the service industry. It includes sectors which provide accommodation, food, beverage, distribution and sale services. “The tourism consultant network” helps to improve productivity, employment generation, income, social development and economic growth. The nature and trends of tourism are:

• Tourism is the fastest growing sector of the world with bookings of $1.6 trillion approximately in 2017 (Zaei and Zaei, 2013).
• 10% of the world’s job is linked with the industry of travel and tourism (Lenzen, et. al., 2018). 
• Tripadvisor is the organisation of travel and tourism which recorded around324 million monthly visitors in 2017. 
• Booking.com is one the most popular for tours and travels in the world which has recorded approximately 443 million visitors in May 2018 (Blanke and Chiesa, 2013).
• 10.4% of the gross domestic product (GDP) globally in 2017 is contributed by travel and tourism with an increase of 4.6% from the previous year (2016). 
• Comparing the first six months of 2018 with the first six months of 2017, arrivals of international tourists grew by 6% worldwide (Assaf and Josiassen, 2012). 

P2 Investigate the characteristics of key tourist- generating and receiving areas of the world

Characteristics of key tourist- generating and receiving areas of the world

Characteristics
Location	Location is very important for attracting tourists to a destination. People mostly like the location which they have not seen in the place they live. Like in America the presence of historical monuments are very less, so American go to the places where they can see historical monuments like India.
Climate	Climate is another important which can attract tourists. For example, people who live in a cold place might want to go to a place which has a normal temperature, and people who live in warmer places might want to go to a colder place.
Environment	Environmental factors can make a major impact on tourists. People who live in a place with high technological structure might want to relax in a place with greenery.
Culture	Many people are excited to know and acknowledge the different cultures of the world. For those who want to know more about different cultures of the world will be attracted by the places rich in culture.

Tourism is the growing industry for many countries in the world. It generates revenue for local economies (Lenzen, et al., 2018). It helps to improve an area of developing a tourist industry and an increase in employment. Entrepreneurs and commodities are reinvesting the amount in the local geographical area.It ensures that construction, maintenance, infrastructure is provided according to tourism. It does not affect the community and local resources of society. 

The most influencing demand for tourism is the availability of money. Countries with the well-distributed income and value of income have a good rate of generating tourists. Countries like India have a twisted distribution of income some are highly wealthy whereas some are very poor, so for people who are wealthy can afford travel internationally but poor people cannot. Also, as India is very rich in historical monuments, so it is highly tourist receiving country. 

The exchange rate is also a major factor in the tourism industry. Exchange rate variations are vulnerable to the cost of tours significantly. Tourists from countries like America, Australia, and New Zealand have high currency rate, so they have more to spend when they go to the Countries with low currency rates like India and Sri Lanka. 

M1 Analyse how the scale and nature of tourism on a global level has been influenced by the emerging economies

The scale and nature of tourism on a global level has been influenced by the emerging economies. The tourism industry in many countries is reflected as the essential part of the development of the economy. It creates financial wealth as well as social impacts. Tourism is the operator of employment and wealth in the economy. Wealthy states have a vast number of tourists; it helps to generate a large amount of money from tourist activity. Subordinates countries obtain a small amount of money from tourism activity. Tourism industry influenced the source of foreign exchange, employment opportunities, and source of public as well as private income, cultural exchange and publicity of nation in the economy.

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P3 Determine specific reasons for the growth of key global tourism generating and receiving areas of the world

Tourism is a continually growing sector which generates employment opportunity and wealth maximisation in the economy. Below are a few reasons for key global tourism generating and receiving areas of the world.

Stimulate GDP Growth – The travel and tourism sector contributes more than 10% in GDP of the economy. It helps to establish a relationship with foreign traders and increase in import & export. As the GDP of the country starts to grow, the government of the country starts to build more plans for the development of tourism in the country.

Boost International Investment –In terms of foreign direct investment, the Tourism industry is the second fastest growing sector. The change of currency from a country to another is enhanced by the growth of tourism in the country. So it is important to develop the tourism activity in the country with low currency rate and highly attractive destination place.

Drives Infrastructure Development –Tourism industry develops that includes improvement in basic infrastructures, such as airports, roads, water supply, and medical services (Scott, et al., 2012). 

Create job opportunities –Tourism industry is one of the largest employment creators in the economy. It provides many job opportunities to unemployed people in different areas (Hall, et al., 2013). With the growth of tourism activity in the country, employment also increases to fulfil the needs of tourism activity.

Promotes inclusive growth –Tourism industry promotes labour-intensive techniques. It creates a large network of people to connect with the supply chain which is important for the development of the country. 

Strengthens Rural Communities – Tourism sector supports the people of the rural area by providing job opportunity to rural youth and minorities. The people who live in the rural area have very low sources of income and with an increase in tourism in the country will open many sources of income for rural people. 

Revitalizes urban area – Tourism industry helps to improve in an urban area which creates employment opportunity, improvement in infrastructure and profitable investments (Boes, et. al., 2016). 

P4 Compare and contrast the differences between a range of emerging global tourism destinations in relation to stages of the destination life cycle, factors driving growth, and strategies employed

The destination for tourisms is dynamic. This range of emerging global tourism destinations in relation to stages of the destination life cycle used to explain their development and successive stages. The concept of destination development helps to discovery, growth, and expansion of the economy. The tourism industry is one of the largest contributors to the GDP of the world. It creates employment opportunity in the country.It improves the conditions of technological innovation (Scott, et al., 2012). It affects the social, economic and other factors. Tourism is a growth-oriented industry; it encourages the employment opportunities in the primary, secondary and tertiary sector. 

Cairo, Egypt because of the unique culture and attractive ancient history is attracting many people from different countries. The people of Egypt are also contributing to the growth of tourism. Tourism industry protects the intangible cultural heritage, performing arts, dance, oral tradition and music (Boes, et al., 2016). Unawatuna, Sri Lanka is also an emerging tourism destination because it is rich in cultural heritage, greenery, etc. The growing number of tourists in Sri Lanka is providing the rural people many job opportunities which help in the country’s growth.

A destination life cycle goes through five different stages which are development, involvement, stagnation, exploration, and consolidation. In the stage of exploration, the sites are visited by only a few tourists who are adventurous and attracted by a feature of nature. Then the destination moves to another stage which is involvement. In this stage, the attraction between the local community and tourists are limited, so the tourists only have basic services. Then the next stage is the development stage in which the growth of tourists increases in the destination and enters the stage of consolidation. In the consolidation stage, tourism becomes a major local economy component. The last stage is the stagnation stage; this stage is the effect of overpopulation in the destination which leads to the decrease of tourists in the place.

M2 Evaluate and compare the importance of different factors affecting and driving tourism statistical trends in a range of different global regions

The Travel and Tourism industry is the largest contributor to the GDP of the economy. It includes the direct impact of transportation, entertainment, and accommodation.Globalization has increased the dependence between people, economies, and countries. The global tourism industry is growing rapidly it handles new challenges of different sectors. Tourism industry helps in the expansionof business in the international market. Tourism has promoted economies and societies to encourage the transfer of goods, knowledge, and ideas (Buckley, 2012). Tourism sector promotes cultural awareness, traditions, and local cultures.The amount of money earned from tourism sector is used for development of infrastructure and services. Cultural factor also has an effect on the demand for tourism. Millions of people go on cultural tours to know the different cultures of other nations.

D1 Critically evaluate the impact of both key and emerging markets, and significant factors affecting global tourism

According to Hall, et. al., (2013), there are various factors which influence the running of the tourism industry. Few factors affect the tourism industry such as environment at the destination, economy of country and technologies. It includes environmental factors, socioeconomic factors, historical & cultural factors, religious factors and other factors. These factors affect the development of tourism. Environmental factor includes good climate and nature. Socioeconomic factor includes accessibility, accommodation, amenities and ancillary services. Historical and cultural factors state that tourists attracted to places of rich cultural heritage. People love to explore new places and destination which have famous ancient monuments and marvellous forts.

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P5 Investigate the role and responsibilities of key international organisations in the development of global tourism

The global tourism is the fastest growing industry in the world and also one of the most significant sources for growing Gross Domestic Product and employment. Tourism is helping the countries to grow their economies by creating many job opportunities to the unemployed people of the country. 

WTM that stands for World Travel Market is the place for the professional of the travel and tourism where they get the latest insights, trends, and news about the tourism industry from all around the world. In the videos and blogs of the WTM insights the expertise professionals of travel sector from across the globe share their knowledge and skills. The WTM has created many business and personal opportunities from the events of world travel and tourism and made the network of business of tours and travels strong with the global reach.

IATA is the official organisation of trade for the airline of the world in which there are more than 85 nations that participate in this trade organisation. International Air Transport Association is the full form of IATA. For the carriers, a polled resource is provided by the IATA for creating the public service throughout the world for the industry of airline, routes and traffics, scheduling, and for standardizing the services of the industry of airline. 

WTM and IATA are responsible for promoting the regularity, safety, and economic in the air transport. They are also responsible for making strategies that can help the tours and travels companies to improve the tourism industry in every country. They analyse the problems that is arising and that may arise which can make the development of the global tourism and solve the problems together so that the development in tourism does not stop. 

M3 Evaluate the significance of key organisations in the growth and development of global tourism

The contribution of a highly acclaimed industry, travel and tourism to the universal economy has improved in the past period. North America is the main supplier of this area, which is closely related to North East Asia and the European Union. Due to its less industrial tourism, areas like North and Sub-Saharan Africa have very little effect. However, allowing for the World Travel and Tourism Council, some of the wildly increasing tourist terminals in Africa may be born, including Angola, Namibia and Zambia. This is probably due to the understanding of profits that can provide travel and tourism for a country’s budget, or due to the increasing popularity of low-travel destinations among global visitors (Goldberg, et al., 2018). It is not to say that the travellers are still not touring certain tourist destinations in their tourist destinations – the number of foreign tourists in the United States, for example, is still increasing each year and by 2018 more than 40 million Expected to be In 2015, the best-classified nation in Travel and Tourism Effectiveness was Spain with 5.31 out of seven. The directory was part of the “The Travel and Tourism Affordability Boom 2015: Development with Amazements”. In the report, the economies of the universe have been measured on the determination of their travel and tourism growth and its effect on the formation of jobs.

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P6 Review the significance of various threats, issues and challenges to the future development of global tourism.

Below are some threats, issues and challenges to the development of tourism: 

• Tourism is a high tax business. Some communities outside the travel and tourism business understand how much a traveller pays. In some places, about 40% of the cost of the commodity comes from supplementary taxes. When the administration official claims that they should provide additional security features to the visitors, they habitually do not pay attention to the fact that visitors are not only spending the entire expenditure but also add money to the local economy through the payment of taxes.
• A trial will continue in political circumstances for the tourism trade. At the global level, tourism will continue to deal with more versatile and deceptive fundamentalist authenticity. For example, despite governments demanding that they support tourism, visa borders have developed more complex (Deery, et al., 2018). Apart from this, no nation-state can be free from street protests, terrorism, politically-based riots, official red adhesive tape or war. These situations not only provide poor marketing to the hosted area but make travel difficult and less attractive.
• Travel and tourism, which accounts for 9.8% of the domain’s GDP, has an increased quantity of women in the service, and fuel emerging from many emerging countries can play a key role in most of the 17 aims under the SDG (Hoogendoorn and Fitchett, 2018). Security, resource constraints, demography, corporate ethics and waste management are all such problems which will affect the particular nature, in which future travel and tourism will continue to work.
• The stress of binding states of poor portable conditions. Specific current influences that, despite being impractical at being stable, the journey is no longer stress-free. Not only is air tourism progressively problematic, but various forms of transport are no longer allowed. All types of travel and tourism industry have been barred from what they deserve and prices have increased in many. With these limitations, many parts of the business are from partial recruitments or poor consumer service. Yet these strains have not diminished in travel, but the likelihood of such a tendency is very high.

M4 Analyse the implications of significant threats, issues and challenges to global tourism

Tourism is one of the largest and fastest developing trades in the world. It is the main source of income for many areas containing developing nations. Environmental and economic threats generated by weather change have created serious concern between countries around the world. Along with this, there is a double connection between tourism and weather change. Weather is a major resource for the tourism trade and, more remarkably, tourism itself is liable for many of these weather and environmental problems (HeydariChianeh, et. al., 2018). This area is a non-negligible contribution especially for weather change through issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and physical effects on the nature of natural resources, environmental pollution and the nature of ecosystem deprivation. The tourism sector can play an important role in removing the global environmental tasks if the origination and resources of this region are fully converged and oriented towards this general objective.

D2 Make justified recommendations for Government and other international organisations for managing future tourism development in response to threats, issues and challenges.

As in the roles & responsibilities of International tourism organization, Thomas Cook,Travelodge &TripAdvisor is already discussed that how these organizations get developed and make growth in their sector, and how these will be important for the Tourism Consultant Network to make its services better in global tourism (Hassannia, et. al., 2019). The Tourism Consultant Network many issues, threats and challenges faced in the development such as taxes which are very high and this thing will reduce the number of tourists, so there are many suggestions to resolve these types of concerns to global tourism.

CONCLUSION

In this study, it was discussed about the nature & scale of global tourism and the data to exactly detect the nature and trends of tourism at that level. In this report characteristics of generating main travellers and achieving the areas of the world was examined, and also that how these things have influenced the developing markets. Its characteristic & growth of developing markets & purpose districts as assessed, in the development of the key role of the department was reconnoitre and also the issues & challenges to the global tourism in future development were evaluated. The whole points were discussed in the reference of Tourism Consultant Network.

REFERENCES

• Assaf, A.G. and Josiassen, A., 2012. Identifying and ranking the determinants of tourism performance: A global investigation. Journal of Travel Research, 51(4), pp.388-399.
• Boes, K., Buhalis, D., and Inversini, A., 2016. Smart tourism destinations: ecosystems for tourism destination competitiveness. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 2(2), pp.108-124.
• Buckley, R., 2012. Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of tourism research, 39(2), pp.528-546.
• Deery, M., Jago, L., Harris, C. and Liburd, J., 2018. 9 Work-Life Balance for Sustainable Tourism Development. In Collaboration for Sustainable Tourism Development, pp. 151-167.
• Goldberg, J., Birtles, A., Marshall, N., Curnock, M., Case, P. and Beeden, R., 2018. The role of Great Barrier Reef tourism operators in addressing climate change through strategic communication and direct action. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(2), pp.238-256.
• Hall, C.M., Scott, D. and Gössling, S., 2013. The primacy of climate change for sustainable international tourism. Sustainable Development, 21(2), pp.112-121.
• Hassannia, R., VatankhahBarenji, A., Li, Z. and Alipour, H., 2019. Web-Based Recommendation System for Smart Tourism: Multiagent Technology. Sustainability, 11(2), p.323.
• HeydariChianeh, R., Del Chiappa, G. and Ghasemi, V., 2018. Cultural and religious tourism development in Iran: prospects and challenges. Anatolia, 29(2), pp.204-214.
• Hoogendoorn, G. and Fitchett, J.M., 2018. Tourism and climate change: A review of threats and adaptation strategies for Africa. Current Issues in Tourism, 21(7), pp.742-759.
• Lenzen, M., Sun, Y.Y., Faturay, F., Ting, Y.P., Geschke, A. and Malik, A., 2018. The carbon footprint of global tourism. Nature Climate Change, 8(6), p.522.
• Lenzen, M., Sun, Y.Y., Faturay, F., Ting, Y.P., Geschke, A., and Malik, A., 2018. The carbon footprint of global tourism. Nature Climate Change, 8(6), p.522.
• McCamley, C. and Gilmore, A., 2018. Strategic marketing planning for heritage tourism: a conceptual model and empirical findings from two emerging heritage regions. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 26(2), pp.156-173.
• Scott, D., Gössling, S. and Hall, C.M., 2012. International tourism and climate change. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 3(3), pp.213-232.
• Scott, D., Simpson, M.C. and Sim, R., 2012. The vulnerability of Caribbean coastal tourism to scenarios of climate change related sea level rise. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(6), pp.883-898.
• Wood, R.E., 2018. Tourism, culture and the sociology of development. In Tourism in South-East Asia, pp. 66-88.
• Zaei, M.E. and Zaei, M.E., 2013. The impacts of tourism industry on host community. European journal of tourism hospitality and research, 1(2), pp.12-21.
• Blanke, J. and Chiesa, T., 2013, May. The travel & tourism competitiveness report 2013. In The World Economic Forum.

Introduction:

The task consists of the recruitment and selection process of the Healthcare United 2000. Healthcare United aims to provide best health facilities to the people of Australia. The report will include various methods of through which recruitment and selection process can be conducted in Healthcare United.

Task 1

1. The recruitment and selection procedure in Healthcare United 2016 is better than Healthcare United 2000. 

1. In Healthcare United 2000, the management analyzes the vacant position if it still requires to be fulfilled whereas in 2016, as soon as a job profile vacates, the management hires a new person. HR will imply all the legislative procedures required for the fulfilling of the vacant job (Furst, et. al., 2017).
2. For the successful recruitment and selection process, in Healthcare United 2000 the HR will analyse the description of the position with consulting the manager. In 2016 the HR possess the capability to determine the description and hire accordingly.
3. In healthcare United 2000, the advertisement procedure will conduct internally at first but in 2016, the management will advertise directly outside the organizational premises.

1. The areas which needs revision includes:

1. Use of updated technology- In 2000 the Healthcare United does not make optimum use of technology which needs revision in 2016.
2. Hiring of talented and skilled employees- In 2000 it does not focus on hiring of expert employees. In 2016, the Healthcare united plans to hire skilled and talented human workforce for providing quality services to its clients. 
3. Facilities in competitive environment- In Healthcare United 2000 it does not provide best facilities whereas in 2016, the Healthcare United aims to provides best facilities to its clients so as to survive in the competitive environment and achieve competitive advantage (Rocca, et. al., 2016).

1. The best practices in recruitment and selection process includes:

1. Keeping of record of the candidates’ information: Keeping a track of the information of the candidates helps in saving time and money. If the knowledge or skills of the candidate does not suit to the position he is working in then, the track can be useful to determine the other business area (Kim, et. al., 2017).
2. Social media: By using social media HR can reach and attract high range of talented candidates. By posting job vacancies on social media websites can capture focus of high number of people and hoardings, etc.
3. Emphasize on the culture: It is the duty of the HR to introduce the candidates with the company’s culture after developing the stronger branding strategy of the employer. The culture of the organization generally creates an image of the company and attracts more candidates (Jackson, 2016).

1. Development of recruitment and selection process includes:

• • Vacant position analysis: In this, the manager will ask the HR for the form of permission for position after notifying that the specific job is vacant. He then completes the section of ‘permission to recruit form’ with reasons of fulfilling the vacancy. The HR department will complete the procedure.
  • Position Description: It includes title of the position, objectives of the job, WHS components, qualification required, and terms and conditions. Higher executives will then sign off position description.
  • Advertisements: The HR department will create the advertisements to promote the Healthcare United and advertises through intranet and internet.
  • Short-list applicants: In this process, the administrative staff will collect the resumes and ask the HR to analyse the description of the job and select the candidates accordingly.

• Interview: HR will conduct interview of the selected applicants and organize documents. The HR will form interview panel in which there will be two HR members and one job related department.

• Interview applicants: The job related member asks the questions from the candidates, chairperson will provide the information to the candidate, the candidate gets selected. An approval is taken from the higher authority.

• Reference check: This consists of the calling by the manager to the applicant, giving the introduction and telling him about the purpose of call, asking of the questions from the applicant to know his skills and knowledge, asking about the personality of the candidate, and the HR will ask the manager if he have any problem with the candidate. Finally, the applicant will discuss about the references in the interview.
• Job offer: The HR will make a contract with terms and conditions and the employee will sign the contract. After signing of the contract induction program will be conducted (Tremblay, et. al., 2016).

1. Drafting of communication plan.

A communication plan helps in determining what the Healthcare United aims to achieve. Communication refers to transferring of the information that is important and required to be shared. A communication plan is drafted in following ways:

1. By determining and choosing the objectives and goals of the company.
2. Determining the targeted audience.
3. Determination of the key messages which are to be delivered.
4. Finalizing the methods and tools of communication.
5. Gain feedbacks from the receivers.
6. Time framing of the project.
7. Preparation of the budget.
8. Evaluation.
9. The manager will at 09:00 UTC, at C-61, Stephens Road, Footscray VIC 3011, Australia conduct meeting to form the policies and procedures which are necessary for the better operations of the Healthcare United, for the purpose of obtaining support from the HR. The manager will discuss the methods through which Healthcare United can make effective use of technology for the purpose of recruitment and selection process. The meeting will include discussion of the salaries, wages, incentives and benefits provided to the staff, communication process and methods will be discussed, the training process will be conducted for the staff so that they can get to know what is to be done and how the things is to be done, etc. (Theorell, et. al., 2015).

1. Evaluation of training on two procedures includes:

1. Ways of adopting the culture of the company: The Healthcare United provides training to its staff about the methods on how they should adopt the culture of the company. This helps in development of the staff members and influences them to work as per the expectations of the company.
2. Job profile: It is the duty of the HR to provide training to its staff members about the job profile for which they are being hired.

1. a) The recruitment and selection process includes methods such as posting of the jobs on social media, seeking referral from the employees, administering of the employment tests, interviewing of the candidates, online screening, aptitude tests, group discussion, personal interview etc.

1. b) The concept of outsourcing explains that the company outsources or hires an individual or another company for performance of the tasks, handling of the operations of the Healthcare United that have already been done by the employees of the company.
2. c) The purpose of employee contract and maintaining of the relations is to retain the customers and reduce employee attrition rate. This increases the goodwill of the company and increases the trust among the employees.
3. d) Legislations, regulations, etc. that affects the recruitment and selection process includes equality and human rights commission, employment of ex-offenders, general data protection regulation, fixed-term employment, etc.
4. e) The terms and conditions are important in recruitment because it helps in fair legislation in work and provides the employees fair working hours with pre decided salary. The terms and conditions are important to avoid future conflicts.
5. f) The psychometric test and skill tests are used in the recruitment process as it helps in hiring of the best suited person. It helps in selection of the employees and judge the qualities and skills of the employees.

Task 2

Part A

1. The key stakeholders in Healthcare United are patients, payers, providers, and policymakers. The need of HR in a year is to hire trained and skilled staff members who can promote the business of Healthcare United and making of the policies and procedures so that the operations of the business conduct properly.
2. Staffing plan of HR consists of identification of the needs of the staff members, resources required for the process of recruitment and selection process, and recommendations required for improvements in the process, HR makes the plan for the process of recruitment and selection and make it approve from the senior management.

Position title: HR Manager

Position reports to: Senior HR Manager

Qualifications – essential- MBA in Human Resource

Key objectives 1. Listening to the needs and concern of the employee. 2. Helps in the recruitment process. 3. Conduct an orientation for the new recruits. 4. Ensures a friendly workplace environment. 5. Sensitivity training

Key position functions  1.Analysis of job and design of job 2.Relation with the employee 3.Analysis of employee performance 4.Compensation and profit 5. Development of organization

Key selection criteria The position of HR Manager, for the individual having ability to make good and fast relation with the stakeholders or investors for their organization. They must have strong leadership quality. Analyse the environment and make changes accordingly.

OHS requirement Occupational Health Safety (OHS) This law important for employers and the other parties to access the management of company’s risk. It is a multidisciplinary area consists of care, wellbeing and healthiness of people at office.

Terms and conditions of employment Terms of employment consist of responsibility of their job, day, work hours, Dress code of organization, process of taking leave.

1. The head of the specific job description can be the specialist who can assist the process of recruitment and selection. He is the one who can identify the requirements of the employee according to the job.
2. The manager can decide a mutual time of 13:00 UTC at 1/9 Ashley ST, West Foodscray, VIC, to discuss the internal and external requirements and planning of the staff in order to follow the legislations of the company. The meeting shall be conducted to make optimum use of specialists who will assist the HR. The correct use of position descriptions can be ensured by the managers by determining the job description and skills required for fulfilling the need of the job. The role of HR plays a vital role in recruitment and selection process. They analyze the need of job, skills and knowledge required for the specific job, post the vacancies on various sites, conduct interviews, recruits the candidates, conducts various tests, conduct screening, finalizes the candidate (Daubresse, et. al., 2015).

Part B

1. The action plan consists of identification of the vacancies, development of the position description, development of the plan of recruitment, selection of the search committee, implementation of the recruitment plan, reviewing of the applicants, short listing of the candidates, conducting interviews, hiring of the candidates, providing them proper training so that they can know the method of performing their jobs. The recruitment and selection process is a time consuming process and an efficient member is required to conduct the process. The plan includes policies of the company to be followed by the HR while conducting the process.
2. The newly employed staff members shall be given proper training so that they perform their job effectively. The training program is required so that the employees do not make any mistakes while performing their tasks. The training helps in explaining the need of doing the specific task and helps in providing required knowledge and skills to the employees. The fresher should be given proper training by providing them coaching about how they can contribute in achieving the goals of the company.
3. In order to conduct the advertising with planning the HR requires to set objectives and goals, decide budget, conduct research to know the targeted customers and competitors, select the advertising strategy, ask the help of the professionals and finally develop an action plan.
4. Conduct or oversee interview: The internal and external planning is required to conduct the interview i.e. the HR of the company will hire the employee and ask the senior manager to take the personal interview.

Advice candidates of outcomes: The HR will give advice to the candidates about how they should attempt the interview and what are the policies required to clear the interview. The HR will explain the candidate about the policies and procedures of the company.

Job offer and contract of employment: The job offer consists of the offer letter which explains the job description and profile of the job. Contract of employment consists of the terms and conditions of the contract which will be signed by the candidate and HR of the company with the initial of the top executive (Melton, 2017).

Task 3

1. Induction is the process of introduction session for the new entrant in any group having common features. Induction is in the workplace or industry for the new employees where they can understand the company scenario. In Health Care United, an induction programme in a place for the employee will be work in an organized and consistent manner. Staff can be introduced for their new job and familiar with the environment as soon as possible.

Induction Process will make the strong learning power of staff. In this organization, the new staff will get trained if they don’t have skill according to their new post. It is useful to reduce less number of chances of error and reduce stress while working.

At the time of induction, they introduce their new employees to their current employee. This is an interactive session where people know about others and about their skill as well. The main purpose of induction is the new hires integrate into the organization and understand their work. It is a helpful attitude from the organization the new ones to settle down as soon as possible. It will provide benefit to both of them (organization and the employees). They get familiar with the rooms like in the health care united there are various rooms according to the respective facility. On the day of induction, they get knows what the work hours of the organization, who is the senior and with whom they will work with. An induction programme will need to be carefully planned by the organization which gives the maximum positive impact on new staff.

2.

Organization	Health Care United
Policy Statement	Reliability in Health Care, Dental care, Vision care, Insurance plans to the family, Medicare complements medicine plan, Medicare prescription drug plan
Objectives	Shape a consumer-focused assimilated primary health care system
Program Outline	Children health insurance program .It provides proper medical facilities to the eligible children.
Procedures	1. The HR team welcome new employee 2. Inform them rules and responsibilities 3. Interaction with the current staffs 4. Make friendly environment
Documentation	PAN CARD Passport Degree Qualification

Guidelines:

Title: Induction Programme

Contents: Objective of the organization, Training Management, Induction Programme, Documentation 

Introduction: Healthcare organization aims and objectives is to provide facilities by hospitals, clinic, community and health agencies spread their business all over the world. The objective of the induction plan is preparing their employee for the new environment in the workplace.

Induction Program

Title: induction programme

Facilitators: HR Manager, Senior Employee

Location: Sydney, Australia

Time:9 AM

Method of Delivery: Face to face in seminar hall in the organization

Induction training and support: Staff should familiar with the work. Proper understanding, specific knowledge. training task is according to the job if nurses are appointed they will train in caring for the patient.

Overseeing of probationary employees: This is the method where employee learn about the organization policies and boundaries.

3. When an organization conduct the new employee’s joiners and introduce their staff by using the guidelines for their relevant organizational polices and procedure of health care organization.  The heath care organization conduct training program and provide the guidelines to the new joiner’s staff they guide some points mentioned below:

-they inform that the first step they offer is pre-evaluation which means nurses will give this test which included questionnaires and checklists.

The other information is planned training related to gaps in their knowledge, practice.

The 3rdguideline is demonstration and return demonstration which included imparting theoretical and practical hands on training.

The other guidelines are providing the information’s about their policies, procedure which is related to their staff norms, rules and regulations.

The organization give the important information regarding their staff culture, take their introduction and provide information about their work position. 

The organization give some training programs about what techniques they use, what there polices, what norms they follow and how their timing, schedule, position they get and should know about all this relevant information.

Organization introduce their staff with the new joiners then visa-versa, the company also introduce their culture, environment, and describe which criteria they use for work so all this information will be provided by the organization.

-Check induction processes are followed across the organization.

After the induction program is completed the organization follow to monitor the induction processes which included heath care organization is: create a positive attitude towards their employees, develop new working relationships, set standards for new relationships, win business and organization loyalty, introduce new employees, and the last step is reduce the anxiety levels. All these steps are followed across the organization.

Oversee management of probationary employees and provide them with feedback until their employment is confirmed or terminated. The organization perform some policy on probationary employment with their employees and make sure that what are there polices is reviewed in departmental orientation. The organization informs probationary employees with the organization job description and departmental job and also let the employees know of any changes in their duties.  The management of organization inform to their employees and give instructions to them the points are given in below: they inform to their employees is that report to work in regular and timely manner, show them to their schedules of break and lunch period, employees inform to reporting sick leave use and their absences. The organization discuss that all employees should wear dress code, the appropriate conducted will be used. The last step is to provide probationary employees with ongoing feedback 

Conclusion:

From the above report it is concluded that the HR plays a vital role in recruitment and selection process and providing them proper training so as to retain employees. The report will include time and place at which the meeting will be conducted with the assessor to explain him the need and method of recruitment process. 

References:

• • Daubresse, M., Hutfless, S., Kim, Y., Kornfield, R., Qato, D. M., Huang, J., … & Alexander, G. C. (2015). Effect of direct-to-consumer advertising on asthma medication sales and healthcare use. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 192(1), 40-46.
  • Furst, M. A. C., & Salvador-Carulla, L. (2017). Intellectual disability in Australian nursing education: Experiences in NSW and Tasmania. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 1-10.

• Induction Framework for Clinical Research Staff,2016, National institute of Health Reseearch

• Jackson, E. C. (2016). A Quantitative Analysis and Theoretical Approach to Examine Nurse Education and Leadership as Important Factors of Performance and Staffing Outcomes Among Nurses in US Southern Region Healthcare Facilities(Doctoral dissertation, Trident University International).
• Kim, B., Miller, C. J., Elwy, A. R., Holmes, S. K., Coldwell, C. M., & Bauer, M. S. (2017). Staff perceptions implementing interprofessional team-based behavioural healthcare. Journal of interprofessional care, 31(3), 360-367.
• Melton, L. (2017). Evidence-Based Discharge Education Guidelines to Improve Adherence to Self-Care and Decrease 30-Day Readmissions for Older Heart Failure Patients.
• Rocca, C. H., Thompson, K. M., Goodman, S., Westhoff, C. L., & Harper, C. C. (2016). Funding policies and postabortion long-acting reversible contraception: results from a cluster randomized trial. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 214(6), 716-e1.
• Sarre,S. (2018) The challenges of training, support and assessment of health care support workers, International Journal off Nursing Studies,Vol:79, 145-153
• Theorell, T., Hammarström, A., Aronsson, G., Bendz, L. T., Grape, T., Hogstedt, C., … & Hall, C. (2015). A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and depressive symptoms. BMC public health, 15(1), 738.
• Tremblay, M. S., Carson, V., Chaput, J. P., Connor Gorber, S., Dinh, T., Duggan, M., … & Janssen, I. (2016). Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for children and youth: an integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(6), S311-S327.

Introduction

In life of a person, there are various stages where a person learns about many different things, some of them are related to his/her personal skills and some are related to professional life. So basically, Personal development refers to improvement or development of one’s personal skills and human skills like knowledge, creativity etc. Professional development is defined as the development or improvement of professional skills which will help in building career. Personal and Professional development is a journey of enhancing your skills for the development of company and a person and it will generate an ability to look beneath the depth of things and generate awareness about life. It will make a person flexible so that it can face all circumstances of life and can take decision easily.

Approaches to Self-Managed Learning

Self-Managed Learning is a term giving to the process of managing skills by own efforts or sometime with the help of any teacher. It is an important part of personal and professional development. A person can learn many things by surrounding and internet etc., management of all these different learning is known as self-managed learning.

Various approaches for Self-managed learning are:

• Setting goals and objectives: It is one of the best approach because it will lead a person to complete any task on time and also teaches time management.
• Interaction with successful persons: By talking with successful businessmen and attending meetings.
• Reading Books and magazines: Daily reading newspaper, magazines and books also leads to increase awareness about surrounding.
• Taking responsibilities: Leading a team and managing it, also doing team work teaches how to carry out a task in a group.
• Attending seminars and sessions: Attending workshops on various topics will allow a person to improve skills in different fields.
• Applying for online courses and certifications:  With the help of internet , one can take online classes and online certifications which will helpful for both personal and professional development.
• Using social media: Use of facebook, instagram , whatsapp and other social websites is helpful in interaction with people from various region of the world, that will also a beneficial part for adding experience.

As an assistant manager at Travelodge Hotel, for self-managed learning, I think setting goal and meeting with different people will be most suitable. While working on any project or mission, there is a specific goal which need to be satisfied so if we want progress in hotel then there should be a proper aim to be satisfied which can only possible either by individual or with the support of staff. Also hotel is a place where many people come and go while travelling, so interaction with them also gives us an opportunity to learn different things by their experience or by through their feedback for the hotel.

Ways of lifelong learning in personal and professional contexts

Lifelong Learning is defined as the overall learning gained by doing different activities throughout the life of a person. This lifelong learning can be done for increasing knowledge and enhancing skills in different fields. It can be done for the objective to gain success in career or to create an image in society and also for personal enhancement.

There are different ways for lifelong learning in personal and professional contexts.

For employees, lifelong learning is based on updating their skills and knowledge by giving them training and analysis their result on the basis of their work that will helpful for both employee and the company. This will generate modification of their skills.

Employees in the company mostly remain frustrated or depressed because of work or some personal problems that can be solved by providing motivation to them. That motivation can be given by posting poster or by motivational speech after a certain period.

By using this method of SWOT analysis in the organization, SWOT stands for Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats. In this analysis, employee can know about his strengths and weakness. It will also allow them to know about opportunities and threats for them in future.

Employees can improve their communication skills that will help them to step towards various opportunities because mostly in every company, a good communication plays a important role to grow and achieve goals.

Other way of lifelong learning is by making a staff of different skills like waiters, cooks, receptionist etc. By doing this, there is sharing of knowledge and skills that will generate bonding and increase knowledge of one another.

Benefits of Self-Managed Learning to the Individual and Organisation

There are so many benefits of self managed learning to both a single person and an organization. As an assistant manager at Travelodge hotel, following are the benefits of self managed learning to me and organization:

• It will help in improving my communication skills and having good communication skills plays a very important part in hotel management because a good communication with customer will aid to hotel reputation.
• It will improve my presentation skills which will help me to suggest my views and put my ideas to higher authority and in front of employees. These ideas can help in better management of hotel and lead to better bonding with employees and increase in profit for hotel
• With the help of better communication and presentation skills, I can also lead a team that will generate leadership skills in me and which will help me to create a good team. Having a good team will lead to good team work and better management of staff.
• Self managed learning will help me to create business planning and help me to implement them because of good leadership skills and team worker.
• It will provide a better opportunity to always enhance my skills and knowledge which can be gained with the help of internet, books, surrounding etc. that will beneficial for both me and organization.
• A manager have to deal with many types of staff members and problems and they should be handled properly sometimes with patience and sometimes with actions so it will also generate problem solving skills in me.

TASK 2

2.1. Evaluate of own current skills and competencies against professional standards for a hotel manager and against organizational objectives of Travelodge Hotel.

As I am the manager of Travelodge hotel I have an responsibility for how to flow my skills which effectively used in the communication and that communication help  to all employees in organization. Evaluation of such own skill which is use for achieving goals and objectives are follows

• Communication skill:-I have a good communication skill which is effectively used by every employee. These communication skills should be effectively because its flows from top to bottom level in organization.

• Team Building skills:- I have an knowledge about the how to make a team, how to make a team leader, and how to develop the team leader skill in organization who chase the goals of organization. I have to have more spend time with my team to manage it and they are easy to share their problems.

• Problem solving skills:- I fully understand the problems which is flow in the organization by such steps are:

• I search about where the problem arises.

• I will take my own responsibility that how to solve the problems 

• I am  listening to all employees which have  a problem and help them to solve it

• Decision making skills:-  I will help to make a decision making in the organization

• I will analyze the situation.

• I will analyze the customer wants, need and demands.

•  Identify of own development needs and the activities required to meet them?

As a manager I play an important role in Travelodge hotel.  I have to develop my need and activities which is effectively used in Travelodge hotel to achieving our goals and objectives which are follows

• To develop managerial skill:- As a manager I have to develop my managerial skill which is used to make a procedure, processes and methods. It is the techniques to manage the work, solving problems, and flow a effective interaction.
• To be clear and learning concepts:-As a manager is the first step to clear what are the  objective what I have to do in Travelodge hotel on the other hand  I have to improve my learning concept. Learning concept  is an human concepts whom  have a power to learn and  understand the thinks which is useful in life and as a manager I have to clear my goals and objectives and follow the step of learning which is useful in Travelodge hotel. 

• Focusing on customer:- As a manager I always focus on the customer demand, what they need and want. Customer is a king of the market as a manager to think about the how to attract to our services, how to make feel them our services is better than other services and as well as knows about what the consumer behavior influenced. 

• Self motivation and team:- Self motivation is needed in life as a manager I am also a employees in Travelodge hotel I needed a self motivated first about goals and objectives  as well as I will prepared my team by the motivation and incentives too.

2.3. Identify development opportunities to meet your current and future defined needs. Which opportunities are available for you inside or outside of the hotel to improve your skill development needs?

Developing opportunities is considered with the prediction of the organization, management and employees that what are the current and future developing opportunities is needed. There are developing opportunities   are needed in current and future are followings

• Current needs:-Current needs is that opportunities which is require in present are;

• Ability to work in team:- It is an mandatory to have an ability to do work in team. Every opportunity gives changes to make a ability to work better, perfection and timely completed in a team. In a team make perfect team leaders who manage our team, who manage our team member according to his/her work and capabilities which is helps in future also.

• Good decision maker:- Every manager needed to have a   capabilities to take a better decision maker in organization for future work and organization goals and objectives.

• Future needs:- Future needs is an prediction about the what will do in future for better performance in the organization which provides better result in future by the such steps are following

1. Analyze the work performance according to the present work performance and capabilities.
2. Understanding the needs of   his/her customers according to the new generations and new technology which is requiring in future.

2.4- Devise a personal and professional development plan based on identified needs

 A personal plan and professional development plan is needed in every organization which is help to show to which strategy should be followed by every employees in the organization to achieving our goals and objectives 

• Learning styles and strategy: – As a human being learning concept is need in his/her   life but   learning style is mandatory in personal development and professional development too. Learning styles shows that how to do any work in management in different ways and attractive ways, Everyone  has a personal learning concept  and learning styles to collect a information and make a useful information and make a strategy in Travelodge hotel for achieving our goals and objectives which gives best result in organization.
• Development plan:– As a human being and employees personal development is needed  As a manager I  have to analyze  about the  current plan which is run in  the Travelodge hotel to find what are the advantages and disadvantages as well as what are the current performance by the management and  employees which are implies in the hotel which  gives our future result or not.

                                   The second step to developing the plan to find out the future need and opportunities which is needed in future planning.

• Evaluation the process:- Personal developing is must be in manager because manager  can think about the future goals and objectives. Manager first motive is that evaluate the settings of goals and objectives, setting about the targets, recognize about the strength and weakness, and implementation the plan in the hotel.

Task 3

3.1. Discuss the processes and activities required to implement the development plan that you prepared for yourself in task?

The processes and activities which is required to implement the development plan in the Travelodge hotel.

• Defining goals:- The first and foremost step is defining the goals of the organization is most important for me to flourish in my management  role at Travelodge hotel. I am capable to set my objectives and follow up to my steps for achieving goals at Travelodge hotel.

• Prioritize:-The second step is prioritizing it is my key goal because I am focusing on my goals with my some new skills. As a manager at Travelodge hotel I have to improve my communication skill, more confidence level and better relationship which gives a better result in Travelodge hotel.

• Understanding the strengths:-As a manager I have to understanding my strengths as well as my team strengths also which is capable or not according to our targets.

• Recognize opportunities and threats:- As a manager I have to recognize the opportunities  and remove threats to move ahead in the organization.

•  Develop a new skill:- As a manager  I have to develop my skills as well as my team member skills which is help in proper managing the Travelodge hotel. I have to learn new skills for move ahead a new stages as well as organization too.

Take action:-  As I am manager at Travelodge hotel I have to do the process  for take a action in hotel which is related to our goals and objectives.

3.2 Undertake and document development activities as planned

Implementing a plan requires so many steps from beginning to completion. As an assistant manager at Travelodge Hotel, a successful development plan is required to achieve goals and objectives.

For development activity, following are the process which can be used for undertaking and documenting development activities:

• First step is to train the employees by giving them various tasks and bounding them in a time period. This will help in generating a habit of doing any task within a given time and also result in learning new techniques and technologies which are used in current. This will keep the staff up to date and to go with world.
• Next step is to generate groups of employees with the different area of interest. It will help in creating team spirit and help in learning and studying of all the employees together. It also helps in doing research together.
• After that, keep staff under the mentoring of managers and administration. It will help in development of employee’s personal and professional development because the mentor and administrator will keep an eye on the staff and they can know better about the skills of employee and also get face to face idea about strength and weakness of the staff.
• The next step to consultation employees and administration.  By this, there will be proper interaction between the staff and the administration. This will help in telling employees about their strength and weakness also tell them about the skills they have to improve. That’s how consultancy helps in development activity.

3.3 Reflect critically on your own learning against original aims and objectives set in the development plan. Did you really learn new skills at the level you aim for them?

Whenever we set a goal and objective to do any task, there are so many hidden objectives needed to be fulfilled, and according to my experience the objective should be set such that it is clear to everyone and the hidden objective should also understood. The goals should have relevance to work so that it can easily achieve and it should under the capability.  If these goals and objectives are out of capability then it will generate a negative effect on the mind which will lead to frustration and stress. The aims and objective for development plan can be understood by using internet and other mediums of gaining knowledge; it will help in clarifying the process of achieving those goals and develop a path way to those goals. When I seen the aims of development plan, I have no idea about them then I tried to understand them, for this I used internet and library. While exploring, I realized that when we set any goal, it should be specific because confusing aim can lead to failure of the plan. And I also realized that exploring for any topic helps in learning various other topics which will help in achieving the goals. 

I really learned many skills like how to find useful content from the whole store of information, how to use research knowledge to achieve goal, how to do management and many more.

3.4 Updated Development Plan

1. Analysis of Organization: Firstly of all we need to understand how the company works for the development plan. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats it faces and which of these are urgent. Set goals in this stage that we need to achieve according to the organization.
2. Developing different strategies:  There are numerous strategies which would help me in developing a new plan. These include self-assessment (which can be done by either self or by asking a colleague) , assessing your skill levels, assessing organizational needs.
3. Analyzing Strategies: We need to see which strategies are helpful for us. Whether we have the resources that are needed to implement t these strategies. If we do not know what resources are available then we cannot be developing strategies.
4. Implementation: We need to commence the strategies we took in the earlier stage. Make sure that proper resources are allocated to the strategies that were undertaken accordingly. Also we need to see that time taken while implementing these strategies is not that much. The need to learn time management is necessary in these strategies. In this stage we need to make sure that all of our goals are being achieved.
5. Evaluation: The last but not the least process is that we need evaluate these development strategies we have used. Keep monitoring them on a regular basis and if this plan is not going appropriately then we need to make few changes to the plan or revise a new plan altogether.

4.3 Evaluate and use of time-management strategies.

At Travelodge Hotels I have come up with some time management strategies to reduce the employee turnover and help the customer care. Time management strategies are basically meant to help us utilize time in an more better and efficient way. We have several time-management strategies to help us make the environment of Travelodge Hotels a more friendly and workable place.

1. How your spend time: Knowing how you spend your time is an important factor. It will help eliminate the time you waste on things that may not be important at that specific given time. Keeping an journal or even using apps in your phone for keeping track of how you utilize your time.
2. Know your works importance: A person should know which work should be given more attention and time according to its urgency. They should know if it is the right time to be doing that particular activity or whether there is an more crucial work at hand. Make goals each day to stay focused and not go off task.
3. Staying Systemized: People who do not know what they are doing or when they have to be doing that work often lead to self-dissatisfaction or under a lot of stress. Make sure you have an organized time table of what need to be done throughout the day.
4. Plan a List: Create an schedule of the things that are important, urgent, or unimportant according to your work. by doing this you will save a lot of time and your work will be more productive. Planning a day ahead is useful as it helps you eradicate non useful time things.
5. Do not procrastinate: Never procrastinate as it always will lead to your loss. If your keep on procrastinating one thing then an huge amount of work will pile up and you won’t have any time left.
6. Make yourself more focused: Be more attentive on the work at hand and not on something else. Make sure that you are not easily distracted by your surroundings or by something new.
7. Have a good life: this means that stay healthy and happy, a more healthy mind will be more focused and will keep your spirits lifted up.

Conclusion

Self management is an essential tool for growth of oneself. It helps a person realize what skills, goals, aims they need to achieve. it makes them realize the value of time and how important things are at different time periods. self analysis show us where our strengths are and what are our weak points and how to overcome them

LO1

Introduction

This task is related to the aims and objective of the globalization. It will talk about the plan which is made to make the successful. Scope, risk  and time will also be described below in this task. 

P1 Devise project aims and objectives for a chosen scenario. 

The assignment is going to show the project management plan of an organization. When an organization used to run unethically it will face backlashes. The organization was so distorted that the company owner and senior manager decided to re brand the company. The have decided to work under ethics and decided to be highly social. The manager has decided to propose a new project management plan for the organization (PETERMAN, 2018).

Globalization refers to the change from the self-contained environment to the more interacted environment. Globalization in business is the change in the business prospectus of a company restricted to any once country to more other countries where that business can do well. The Impact of globalization can be categorized into two parts: 01) market Globalization 2) Product globalization.

Market globalization helps any business to expand in other countries too. Due to the lower tariff rates it makes the consumer price for any product lower than ever and it helps any business to expand in foreign countries. It also means that he culture and the kind of people of any particular country should be considered as the culture of every country is different and it can hinder the product market.

Product Globalization: Product globalization is the purchasing raw materials and services of any particular product from different countries having lower raw material price and also to assemble in ye different country having lower labour cost .this is called product globalization. China is one of some countries which is famous for most of the company’s manufacturing hub.

Effect of Globalization: There are following effects of globalization on businesses:

It increases completion among the companies. This competition forces companies to increase their product quality which ultimately profiting the customers.

Every company needs to enhance the quality of their product because of the competition which overall raises the technology and also forces the companies to adopt more and more technology.

Due to good competition employment also increases people of different countries starts getting employment.

There are some negative impacts of the globalization also such as unemployment because companies are outsourcings their work from developed countries to the developing countries due to the less wages prices which led unemployment in developed countries.

Aim and objective of the organization: The main aim of the project is to rebrand the company to restore the organization (PETERMAN, 2018). The new company will have a fresh start and will follow ethics and socially reliable.

By the aim the company is going to follow some ethics such as:

1. To start a fresh business
2. To make company ethically correct.
3. To make company socially responsible.
4. To make the company expansion. 
5. To fulfill the needs and desire of the customers. 

P2 Produce a project management plan that covers aspects of cost, scope, time, quality, communication, risk and resources.

A Project management business plan:

Cost: To finish the total project some amount of finance is required which is called the aspect of the company or project. There are some aspects on which company cost is dependent on such as bills, risk estimation, and labor rates etc. a cost management plan is the plan which is used to control cash flow, to control the financial structure of the company. The project cost configuration plan is one of the most important phases of cost planning and it ensures that the budget of the organisation does not hinder (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017). The cost management plan generally shows how an project is funded, controlled and executed.

Scope: If any organization is working spending money and time on any project plan, if it did not have any scope to, it should not be done. A big challenge which encounter on to a new project is the future scope of the project. Project scope is a part of project which determines the list of documentation and deliveries such as goals, features and figures. It is to be noted that scope can hinder the project in both positive and negative way. Before explaining what are the project scope it should be known about what the product scope are. What is the requirement of the product, if the requirements of the clients are fulfilled then only the future scope is good?

Time: There is basic time required to work on any plan. This is considered till the end of the project. There is a direct relation between the result and the scope of the plan. It is one of the 10 knowledge areas to a project management. It is the discipline of a project manager to work in the given time. There are 7 processes in project time management in a business project.

• Plan schedule management
• Define activities
• Sequence processes
• Estimate activities
• Estimate activity Durations.

Project Schedule: It is the step where policies, procedures and documentations needed to manage the schedule of the business. The output of this planning is to make a schedule of management structure (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017).

Define Activities:In this area,  data collect is done and prioritise the work into day to day tasks. The main output of this step is you will come with a list of day-to -day tasks.

Estimate needful resources: In this segment, before going to start the work first organizations need  to understand what are the resources required to achieve the needful. What are the human resources equipment required?

Estimate Durations: Every task during a business project has certain time required or a certain importance been given to the works. Analysing which work or task require how much duration.

Sequence Processes:In this segment they will have to Prioritise the work in a manner in which the work which is important and require less time and engagement.

Quality:  The quality management is required to ensure that all the work is going in an efficient way.

Communication:  The system of monitoring, planning and implementing of communication in and organization is termed as communication management.

Risk management: In a business management project, it is the necessary steps taken to counter the risk in any project of any organization and also to nullify the possible risk in the future projects (Kaplan, and Mikes, 2016)

Resources: Resource availability, resource utilization etc. are comes under resource management. The most important thing is the allocation of the resources.

P3 Produce a work  breakdown structure and a Gantt chart to provide timeframes and stages for completion.

As the company wants to re brand there are following steps for the work break down structure:

Step 1: Initiate the definition of the complete scope of rebranding, to provide what are the requirements to achieve the future scope defined.

Step 2:  for carrying the re branding program the ability to provide the work should to assigned in the project.

Step 3: Set up an aligned business for the project. Before rebranding to counter any financial issue arising business has to be align properly. 

Step 4: Analyze the amount of achievement of the particular task in the project.

Step 5: The information should be collected, defined at different levels.

Step 6: Analyze whether the rebranding will affect the organization in a positive way.

Gantt chart:

A Project business management Plan:

The Project of rebranding the organization goes through number of steps which are:

• Permit the definition of the scope of re branding.
• The senior manager who thinks that the rebranding of the company will affect the organization is a very positive way will provide the future aspects of the company.
• For carrying out the program, the ability of work will be provided in the project.

• • • • • The total steps will take place how the rebranding will be done what will be the steps to achieve.

• Set up a Controlled frame for rebranding.

• • • • • The project manager will have to take some measures to control the risk which will be facing in the project.

• The information should be collected at appropriate levels of the organization.

• • • • • The managers will go through the positives and negatives of the business plan and will analyze it. The research will be conducted by the organization in a qualitative and quantitative way (Unluer, 2012).

• Analyze whether the Rebranding will affect the company in a positive way or not.
• Find out the problems and difficulties during the project plan.

(Figure 2: Gantt chart of globalization Project)

(Source: By Author, 2018)

M1 Produce a comprehensive project management plan, milestone schedule and project schedule for monitoring and completing the aims and objectives of the project.

Project management plan: There are many big and small advantages of a project management. A project management defines the reliability and scope of the business plan. The plan also finds out some major perks and limitations of any project. By the project management the manager can understand risks involved in the project. There are also certain limitations of any project such as: miss directing of any project, probability of any project etc. to establish the fact that the research is going in the correct way the project managers will conduct some small-scale research mainly on two bases the qualitative research and the quantitative research (Unluer, 2012). A bad quantitative research can lead to a bad production unit. It also affects financial condition of the organization.

(Figure: Milestone Scheduling of Globalization Project)

(Source: By Author)

D1 Critically evaluate the project management process and appropriate research methodologies applied.

 In any project management process aim and objective have been chosen. The project manager has to find out the objectives. By those objectives the project manager will start the business project. The basic aim of the project manager is re branding. A work breakdown structure has been built because it makes the work easy. The project manager can find out the milestones of the project. Therefore, a mixed methodology has been defined in rebranding scenario.

Conclusion

This is being concluded from the task about various resources which are used in making a business project successful. Various objectives and aims were set so that the theme of globalization can be justified in each stage.

References

• Kaplan, R.S. and Mikes, A., 2016. Risk management—The revealing hand. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 28(1), pp.8-18.

• Kerzner, H., and Kerzner, H. R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons. 

1. 1. PETERMAN, R., 2018. What is Project Management? [Online] Project-management. Available at: https://project-management.com/what-is-project-management/ [Accessed 30 January 2019]. 

• Unluer, S., 2012. Being an insider researcher while conducting case study research. Qualitative Report, 17, p.58.

P1: Examine different types of entrepreneurial ventures and explain how they relate to the typology of entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurial ventures mean is an organization that places innovation, opportunism at its heart in order to produce economic or social value. It is divided into two parts: the first is small and medium business and the second is big business. 

Typology of entrepreneurship means it is based on human behavior, many topologies are considered in term of values and they develop from various methodologies and various samples. It can be stated that an entrepreneur has different roles and for these they have skills and knowledge that helps to forecast present as well as future needs and give the best ideas to market. These peoples will prove to be successful in taking risks, challenges of a startup’s, and gain rewards with profits, growth opportunities and fame.

It can be noted that there are different types of entrepreneurial ventures are small scale business entrepreneurship, scalable startup entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship, and large company entrepreneurship. 

Small scale entrepreneurship : This type of entrepreneurship has about 5.7 million in the U.S, small business are grocery stores, travel agents, internet commerce, carpenters, electricians, they move from one place to other and hire local employees, family, or friends. At present time various numbers of entrepreneurs in the UK and they have small businesses. As per the data, there is  around 99.7% of all companies and employees are do small scale business and make profits.

Scalar entrepreneurship: The main vision of this type of entrepreneurship  is to change the world. They attract investment from parallel financial investors, venture capitalists. The employee search for the employment and also focus on scale as it requires more venture capital to expand the business. 

Social entrepreneurship : In this type of ventures the individuals emphasis on the producing the products and services that solve social problems and their needs. They relate with the topology, they may be non-profit, which means for profit or mixed.

P2: Explore the similarities and differences between entrepreneurial ventures.

Entrepreneurship helps the  individual to  creates their own business with the aims  and objective of  work and they are not bound for the individuals. They are free and live there lifestyle and not for the purpose of making profits. The main objective of this ventures is to provide the individual  to  work with passion, enthusiastic. There are some similarities and differences between entrepreneurial ventures they are mentioned below:  

Similarities of various entrepreneurship ventures: 

s.no	public	private	Social	macro	micro	small
1	The main aim of this venture is to take advantage of social opportunities.	They have also a different feature of creating values for citizens.	A Social entrepreneur always seeks profits and they spread in all over the world.	It covers big level in the marketplace they exist in the economy as a whole.	They also exist in the economy and their aims are to make a profit in exist marketplace	This type of venture aims in profit-making.
2.	In this sector they focus on creating products and services which solve social needs, desires.	The main objective is to emphasis on the services   and products, that helps to solve the problems of employees.	They focus on to fulfill the social needs and solve the problems of peoples by the help of social media.	They select various factors related to success and failures in existing entrepreneurships	They runs there business at a very small level but there aims to make profits	There aims is to increase their business by providing better quality products to their customers.

Differences of various entrepreneurship ventures:

S.no	Public	Private	Social	Macro	Micro	Small
1.	They spread in wider areas of marketplace.	They only situated in particular company or firms.	They extend their products and services via social.	They exists there business as a whole and spread their business in macro level.	They shrink there business only in the micro areas of business.	In this type of factor entrepreneurships are focuses on limited areas.

M1: Investigate a diverse range of entrepreneurial ventures to demonstrate an understanding of entrepreneurship in both the public and corporate sectors.

There are different types of entrepreneurial ventures they included entrepreneurial, intrapreneurship and managerial.  An entrepreneurial is an independent person who works with freedom, and moves there business with inadequate resources.  The intrapreneurship is also similar to entrepreneurship but the wider difference is to they are pro-active, in a comfort zone, and self-motivated persons, they believe that failure doesn’t have any personal cost. In managerial term, the individuals can work persons within the organization and perform according to manager .Apart from this; the public sector entrepreneurship is authorized by government and non-profits agent. They depend on the context directly or indirectly action and create positive economic activity. On the other hand, private sector entrepreneurship is authorized by the particular company, firms, and any private company and they follow their own rules, norms, regulations and also follow the government rules.

D1: Critically examine the scope, development and growth of entrepreneurial ventures.

It can be sated that the entrepreneurship is essential for every type of companies. Its scope and development is dynamic in nature that fluctuates according to the environment. In this type of ventures the individual’s emphasis on profit -making and that widen the scope of council. Apart from this, they also develop the policies and plans that help to promote and encourage the activities of council. 

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P3: Interpret and assess relevant data and statistics to illustrate how micro and small businesses impact on the economy.

Small business is autonomously owned and functioned in the field of the process. Norms like the number of the worker in the firm are also used in the measuring the size of businesses this accounted for 99.3% of all isolated sector of businesses at the start of 2016 and 99.9% were small or medium-sized. The total turnover was £1.8 trillion, 47% of isolated sector income in the United Kingdom. Total employment in the Small –Medium Sized Business at the UK was 15.7 million that is 60% from the private sector. These data contributed in the year 2016. In micro-business have the 0-9 employee, approximate 5.3 million micro industries in the UK, this only takes 96% of all the industries in the UK. In medium-size industry, approximate 300 employees are being selected in their respective field whereas only 10 employees besides the micro business – which shows that there is the restricted opportunity of a job. Numbers of industries increasing day by day so numbers of opportunities for youth are increasing also. Small size businesses have a great impact on the economy of UK as compared to the medium size business. According to the study, 99% of the total business is made from the SME’s. Nonemployees are not listed for VAT or PAYE, 2.5 million private businesses are recorded for VAT or PAYE from the total population only 45% registered for VAT or PAYE. More than 3 million (55%) industries are not 

registered for VAT or PAYE is classified unregistered.

Figure 1 Contribution of different sized business in 2016

 (assets.publishing.service.gov.uk, 2016)

P4: Explain the importance of small businesses and business start-ups to the growth of the social economy.

Small and startups business growth rate have a large impact on the economic condition of the country. The growth of business counts the growth or development of the country. The growth will be measured in terms of turnover(the total amount of money generated by the company):This is the main measuring tool to check the economic condition of the company because that is proportional to the social economy, employment rate:if any business generate the employment rate over the year that means they increase the number of products as well, development rate, productions, services and contribution toward the society . These industries are frequently developed, and they generate employment and become a major part of the economy of the country. They provide entrepreneurship opportunity to the individual. It contributes to society by the great innovative ideas and increases their production rate. It allows people to create the goods and provide their services.

 It is the stage where employee enhances their skill, show their talent and improve their career graph as well. The economic condition of society will represent by these small businesses. Local council accomplishes the business of town, city or country. This council will take care of the respective business what about their job and how much they contribute to the country. True economy development will come from the quality and quantity of goods produced by the small scale business. It is a combination of property, employment, money, private enterprise. There are other factors also which increase the production rate in the industries that are a new discovery in the services, reducing investments, increase saving, consistent towards work, the discovery of more natural resource, introducing new technology by which human work will reduce but this will give a huge impact on the economic growth of society.

M2: Evaluate the differences small, medium and large businesses make to the economy, applying relevant data and statistics.

It can be analysed that SME businesses contribute in the growth of economy because they generate more employment rate as compared large businesses as the study says 99% SME’s businesses are in the UK and only 1% is based on large business. The rate of Employment directly points out the production rate of goods and providing services to their customer. UK Government makes their trust towards 

SME ’this doesn’t means large business will be close in the future their importance is behaving in some different manner as they generate the number of products at the same time. Because large business consists of 500 or more employee and in SME’s number of employee in between 50 -100.LLArge companies pay more their employee as compared to SME’s 

Figure 2:  Growth in the number of UK private sector 

 Source:   Assets.publishing.service.gov.uk, 2016)

D2: Critically examine how small businesses have an impact on different levels of the economy (local, regional, national) and in an international context.

Small businesses have an influence on the various level of the economy. SME’s are turn into the more productivity rate and providing good paying work. SME’s are now able to work for international as well. They are importing and exporting the product from out of their country. The global budget is raising high with the help of improving SME’s productivity. The competitions of SME’s are increasing that means they work for their broad development.

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P5: Determine the characteristic traits and skills of successful entrepreneurs that differentiate them from other business managers.

         

These characteristics are essential and very important to successful entrepreneurs, those people who want to succeed in their life as an entrepreneur they should follow these key features and follow all these relevant characters in their life.

Peter Jones is a famous entrepreneur in all over the world, he is also known as the name of Dragon Dan, his partner is Tara Jones and his residence in south Buckinghamshire, England. He set up their business and makes personal computers.

Peter Jones follows these rules that differentiate with the other entrepreneur, they admire that when they follow these types of rules in their life, and they got success and achievement what they want.

Peter Jones defines these rules and shows to all be caring to their employees as well as their company members, take actions according to the prioritize basis work with the use of intuition so the work will be done effective and proper way.

P6: Assess how aspects of the entrepreneurial personality reflect entrepreneurial motivation and mindset.

When entrepreneurship personality reflects there characteristics for motivation and mindset they give the direction with the help of their unique quality as well as the way they work done.

The above slide shows the characteristic of   entrepreneur and that reflects the key factors which show positive aspects as well as the entrepreneur mindset which means they have to follow the rules to leads the success in their life. 

These slide shows the additional  features that reflects to entrepreneur motivation and also builds the level of confidence and encourage the employee to perform the work and attain the goals. In addition to this, an entrepreneur should be responsible and accountable for their own performance. 

This shows and provides the positive response to those peoples who become an entrepreneur in the future, and those who want to grow in their business environment. So these features help to see and follow these factors in their lifestyle.

M3: Explore and examine different lines of argument relating to entrepreneurial characteristics.

In this examine the other companies entrepreneurs said about arguments relating to entrepreneurial characteristics is that their tolerance power is low, they sacrifice a high risk of failure, sometimes they are lack of knowledge.

D3: Analyze the characteristic traits, skills and motivational drivers of successful entrepreneurs, supported by specific examples.

When to analyzing the characteristics traits, skills, and motivation; drivers of successful entrepreneurs it gives the best example of Simon Cowell, he is the most popular English tv music and talent competition judge.

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P7: Examine, using relevant examples, how background and experience can hinder or foster entrepreneurship.

These are the success factors which influence by the entrepreneurship, after working for the SME’s an employee will be creative because at that place their idea influenced others also. People get more about entrepreneurship, they want to work with that to enhance their skill. People understand to work with the management because in small sector industries people work in the team where collaboration is necessary with the teammates and with the other employee. Improve their online marketing skills

Entrepreneurship also affects the culture of the society in a positive way. People get strength for taking the risk to become an entrepreneur where they use their skills and make them as a productive resource for their business. The life of this modern era is very expensive so it is the right time to explore to make more money. Practice their skill at the end of non –economic end means that where an individual will not sure about their earning.

Education methods will not change every year in the UK. But they develop basic skills to their student in the very stage of education. In any society, education will play a very vital role. In UK, the education will be based on formal education but now they are developing entrepreneur skill in the student. This is the main reason because in the UK most of the companies are SME’s and their motive is every individual will become responsible for its job.

The UK is one of the most developing counties, People are already financially motivated but the job will not give that much amount of money as compare to an entrepreneur will earn by their own business. The national culture now accepts this and appreciates the performance of SME’s. They will get help if they are in some financial circumstance. Government helps those who willingly work because it becomes a part of economic growth of the organization. The UK is one of the most developing counties, People are already financially motivated but the job will not give that much amount of money as compare to an entrepreneur will earn by their own business. The national culture now accepts this and appreciates the performance of SME’s. They will get help if they are in some financial circumstance. Government helps those who willingly work because it becomes a part of economic growth of the organization

M4: Analyze the link between entrepreneurial characteristics and the influence of personal Background and experience to specific successful entrepreneurs.               

Steve Job was an entrepreneur who started their business by design their computer by using their calligraphy skills. He has dropped out student from Reed College (Poland) because their tuition fees were so high and their parent was not able to pay. Jobs always said they learn humanity from this college and it helps on everything whatever they will do in the future. Calligraphy principle helped him to build the Apple computer. That small business will now become globally famous and one of the top one industry. In 2018, their turn over is $256.6 Billion

D4: Critically evaluate how background and experience influences entrepreneurs, both

Positively and negatively, by comparing and contrasting examples.   

 

Steve Jobs is a great personality and a great entrepreneur, founder of Apple company and very popular in all over the world.

1.Casnocha,B., 2011, [Online] The Four Types of Entrepreneurship, http://casnocha.com/2011/02/the-four-types-of-entrepreneurship.html 

ben@casnocha.com [Accessed on: 30/1/2019]

2. Kearney,C.,2013, [Online] Public and private sector entrepreneurship: similarities, differences or a combination? https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/14626000910932863?mobileUi=0&journalCode=jsbed emerald insight [Accessed on:30/1/2019] 

3.Rochaa,E,A,G., 2011, The Impact of Business Environment on Small and Medium Enterprise Sector’s Size and Employment: A Cross Country Comparison, Business Environment

4.BUSINESS POPULATION ESTIMATES FOR THE UK AND REGIONS, 2016, Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy

5.Miller,D.,2018,2018, [Online]What Is the Actual Impact of Small Business on the Economy? Available at: https://www.thebalancesmb.com/small-business-impact-on-the-economy-4175064 [Accessed on:30 January 2019]

6.Gupta,K.,2017, [Online]The Role of SMEs and Startups in Standards Development ,Available at: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3001513 [Accessed on:30 January 2019]

7 .Majkova,    M., & Kljucnikov A., 2017.  The specific character Traits of Young Entrepreneurs in  Slovakia. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge,   Vol. 5.

8.Kerr, S., Kerr, W ., & Xu, T., 2017. Personality Traits of Entrepreneurs : A Review of Recent Literature.

9.Nasip, S.,  & Sulong, R., 2014. Entrepreneurial Characteristics and Motivation Factors of New Venture Owners: A case in the food service Industry.

10.Nandamuri, P., & Gowthami, C., 2014. Entrepreneurial Orientation and Family Background: A Correlation Analysis.

11. Sjöström, O.G., 2014. Entrepreneurial ventures And their impact on economic development. Linneuniversitetet
12. Carter, S. and jones-Evans, D., 2012. Enterprise and Small Business: Principles, Practice and Policy. London: Pearson

13.Nguyen N.M., 2013. Differences and similarities in the entrepreneurial process of independent new ventures and corporate new ventures. Universiteit Twente.

 14.OECD., 2017. Enhancing the contributions of smes in a global and digitalised economy. Meeting of the OECD Council at Ministerial Level

Introduction

Established in 1975, Zara is a Spanish company that is considered as one of the world’s largest companies operated in the fashion industry. The company is engaged in the designing, manufacturing, distribution, and selling of clothing for men, women, and children across the world. The company has initiated a project for launching a new summer-shoe in the market of UK. For this, a project management plan has been developed that states the way for successful project execution, monitoring and controlling. The project management plan mainly comprises of project aims, deliverables, schedule, and communication plan and so on. For this purpose, market research is vital for data collection and analysis by using qualitative and quantitative research methods. 

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P1: Project Aims and Objectives

Project Management refers to the execution of skills, processes, tools, techniques, and knowledge for the purpose of meeting the project aims and objectives. It mainly includes project objectives, scope, deliverables, budgeting, work breakdown structure, human resource planning, communication planning, and execution and controlling planning. It encompasses five key phases named project initiation, project planning, execution, project control, and project closing. It ensures the attainment of project aims and objectives in an effective manner. It also facilitates proper direction and leadership to the projects for successful deliverables. It ensures the project deliverables to be up to the mark as well as valuable deliverables to the company. 

Zara is currently operating in the clothing industry at the global level. It provides clothing products for men, women, and children of every age. Recently, the company has planned for launching a new summer-shoe with an objective of competing effectively with the existing competitor firms. It also aims at developing a launch event for selling the product to major industrialists at the time of London Fashion Week in 2019.  

The main aim of Zara is the development of new products for the expansion of the product profile as well as competing effectively with the international market leaders. 

The vital deliverables of this project consist of the project plan, project scope statement, work breakdown structure, and governance plan and so on. The objectives of the Zara project are the project outcomes that are clearly stated and lie within the scope of the project. These objectives are developed keeping in mind the key criteria of specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time-bound. The key objectives are basically the milestones being developed for the attainment of the project aims. The significant objectives of the Zara project are as follows:

• Enter into new markets to enhance the customer base across the globe
• Incorporating innovation and superior quality in products
• Becoming a socially and environmentally responsible company
• Providing value to customers to gain satisfaction
• To enhance the profitability of the company

P2: Project Management Plan and Key Areas

The project management plan is highly helpful in the successful execution of a project. The project of Zara will be initiated with the identification of the stakeholders and the definition of aims and goals to be achieved with this project. The plan will further state deliverables and develop project schedules. After this, the plan will follow identification of project risks involved and conduct a risk assessment procedure. After all these steps, the project management plan will be communicated to the stakeholders of this project. However, there are some key areas that need to be considered by Zara during project management planning. 

• Cost: It is one of the significant project aspects as it involves the allocation of cost for each activity of a project. Cost allocation is done after the approval of the budget which constraints the excess or inadequacy of cost. This project ensures the perfect balance of cost during the entire project duration. 
• Scope: The scope of the project mainly involves the objectives and aims along with deliverables of the project. The project scope clearly defines and maintains the boundaries of the project and it should be the major responsibility of a project manager. Being a crucial part, scope ensures no wastage of efforts, time, resources and cost. 
• Time and Schedule: Time and scheduling facilitate the completion of each activity and whole project as well on time. This factor considers the fact that the project should be completed within a specific time limit as the value of the project decreases when it consumes longer time than the expected. 
• Quality: Quality management plays a critical role in project management as it ensures the maintenance of quality during the project duration. This project will prioritize quality standards, strategy for attaining those standards and quality control. 
• Communication: Project management plan considers the importance of communication so that issues related to project deadlines, scope and budgets can be restrained. Different projects have different communication needs that require addressing within the plan for effective functioning. This aspect includes investor circulars, project updates and progress reports, and others. It is vital for a project management plan to define the suitable communication systems for the project. 
• Risk: Every project involves certain risks that affect the project in many ways. It becomes important for a project manager to develop a proper risk management system so that the influence of the risks during the project duration can be minimized. 
• Resources: A successful project requires different resources to accomplish the project successfully such as hardware, software, space, human resources, and other resources. The resources require allocation to each phase of the project efficiently for the reason that a balanced allocation of resources assists in proper management of the project. 

P3: Work Breakdown Structure and Gantt chart

Work breakdown structure refers to a significant deliverable of a project that clearly organizes the entire project task into small groups for a clear definition of tasks. It helps in stating the different tasks involved in the project in a way that can be understood easily by the project team members. It helps in developing budgets and project schedule by facilitating cost and time allocation to each activity. The work breakdown structure of the Zara project is as follows:

Figure 1: Work Breakdown Structure of the Zara Project

Source: By Author, 2018

Gantt chart:

A Gantt chart is utilized as a project management tool for displaying the entire tasks against time. The tasks are represented as a bar in which the bars show the initial date, duration and last date of the task. It represents the complex information in a manageable manner and also enhances team productivity. Following the Gantt chart shows the project activities of Zara against time:

Figure 2: Gantt chart of Zara Project

Source: By Author, 2018

M2: Milestone Schedule 

Milestone scheduling in project monitoring ensures the progress of the project according to the activities planned. Such scheduling facilitates the time estimation in a more accurate manner for the completion of the project. The milestone scheduling for monitoring the project of Zara is provided below:

   

Figure 3: Milestone Scheduling of Zara Project

Source: By Author, 2018

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P4: Small-Scale Research for the project of Zara

As per the views of (1), quantitative research mainly focuses on the quantity of things while qualitative research is concerned with the quality of things. Quantitative research helps in gaining conceptual conclusions from the larger sample sizes and also utilizes reliable statistical methods. Opposing these views, (2) stated that such research may sometimes provide a false impression of sample homogeneity. He further supported qualitative research by saying that this research involves deep insights and perceptions of participants. In the words of (3), quantitative and qualitative research are inter-linked to each other where quantitative data can be collected from quantitative methods such as questionnaires with open-ended questions. 

The small-scale research has been undertaken for the Zara project of developing a new product as a summer-shoe. Small-scale research in this project is the combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. 

Quantitative research is done with an aim of ascertaining the relationship between one dependent and one independent variable from the pool of a population. Such research is developed as experimental or subjective. Quantitative research is mainly concerned with the data in the numerical and logical form. This type of research deals with the numbers and any data that can be measured in a systematic manner. It does not involve data that is not in numerical or measurable form. Different methods will be used by Zara for conducting quantitative research. 

• Questionnaires/ Surveys: Most utilized method, questionnaires represents as a form that contains a series of questions to be answered by participants for collecting data. 
• Observations: This method involves the data collection by having an observation on people in a natural setting or situations. Simple observations are conducted for collecting numerical data. 
• Interviews: The method of interview mainly takes place when verbal communication occurs between the researcher and participants. Interviews can be structured or unstructured. 
• Records: Records, used by the researcher, that facilitate statistical and numerical data from secondary sources such as company records and internet. 

The questionnaire used by Zara:

1. Which is the most competitive company for Zara in the new product development category? 

• Nike
• Fila
• Bata
• Adidas

1. What purpose do you look for Zara shoe?

• Casual
• Party
• Formal
• Running

1. How much you are satisfied with the existing products of Zara?

• Very Satisfied
• Satisfied
• Neutral
• Dissatisfied
• Very Dissatisfied

1. How do you purchase Zara products?

• Online
• Physical stores

1. What should be the best feature in Zara shoe?

• Design
• Comfort
• Adjustable
• Flexible

Qualitative Research refers to the process of collecting data using the conversational as well as open-ended communications. This research collects data in the form of pictures, graphs, words and observations instead of numerical and statistical data. This research focuses not only what people think but also why they think so. Zara has utilized some methods for the purpose of accomplishing qualitative research. 

• Focus Groups: In this method, a small group of people from the targeted market is selected for conducting a conversation regarding the research issue. 
• Case Study: Such a method uses multiple data sources for gaining a deep understanding and may describe any event, exploratory or explanatory. 
• Grounded Theory: Grounded theory is used to facilitate a theory or an explanation behind the occurrence of events. 

M2: Evaluation of the Accuracy and Reliability of Different Research Methods

The methods used in research are quantitative and qualitative that is suitable from the point of view of reliability and accuracy. The research is reliable as they contain significant attributes such as equivalence, stability, and homogeneity. The research has collaborated with other researchers for eliminating research bias. Apart from this, the company has used data triangulation that involves different perspectives for developing highly comprehensive findings. These strategies were adopted for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of both the research methods of small-scale research. The company has utilized primary as well as secondary sources for collecting data that are highly reliable and provides accurate data. 

D1: Evaluation of Project Management Process and Different Research Methodologies

The quantitative research provides certain advantages such as cost-benefit analysis, a valuable approach and highly accurate risk value. However, the results lack preciseness, consumes more time and cost as well as may give a false impression of perceptions. Qualitative research methods are easy to apply and also impactful in a visual manner. It assists in determining risk categories easily. Contrary to this, it may give biased results and is less valuable as compared to quantitative research methods. 

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P5: Analysis of Research and Data Using Tools and Techniques

Research Question 1: Most Competitive Company for Zara

(Figure 4: Graph for Most Competitive Company for Zara)

Source: By Author, 2018

Analysis: This questionnaire was conducted with 100 people out of which 45% people consider Nike to be the most competitive for Zara. Fila ranks second with 25% followed by Adidas with 20% and Bata with 10%. This means that Zara will have face competition with all these companies but Nike is the strongest competition. 

Research Question 2: Purpose of Zara Shoe

(Figure 5: Pie chart showing the purpose of purchasing Zara shoe)

Source: By Author, 2018 

  Analysis: The majority of people desire to have Zara shoe for the formal purpose with 35%. However, 18% of people will purchase Zara shoe for the purpose of jogging, gym or running. About 20% people support the casual purpose and 27% people want Zara shoe for the party. This means that Zara will design a shoe for the formal purpose. 

Research Question 3: Customer Satisfaction for Zara

(Figure 6: Chart showing customer satisfaction for Zara)

Source: By Author, 2018

Analysis: This analysis shows that approximately 39% of people are satisfied with Zara products and 25% people show that they are highly satisfied. About 8% of people are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied with Zara. Contrary to this, 10% and 18% people are dissatisfied and highly dissatisfied respectively with the products of Zara. 

Research Question 4: Way of Purchasing Zara Products

(Figure 7: Pie chart for the purchasing channel used for Zara products)

Source: By Author, 2018

Analysis: It has been realized that 62% of people prefer to purchase Zara products through physical stores while 38% use the online website for buying its products. 

Research Question 5: Best Feature in Zara shoe that should be considered 

(Figure 8: Graph showing best feature to be looked for Zara shoe)

Source: By Author, 2018

Analysis: It is clearly seen that people find comfort to be the most likely feature with 36% majority. Only 15% people consider design while purchasing shoes while 29% of people look for flexibility that should be in Zara shoes. Adjustable feature is preferred by 20% people that show that Zara should consider comfort most. 

P6: Recommendations for Research and Data Analysis

The company has adopted a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods for conducting effective market research. Qualitative research should be conducted at the time of project initiation while quantitative methods should be utilized after the outcomes of qualitative research has attained. This is because of the fact that qualitative research will assist in making the researcher familiar with the customers during the discussion of purchase experience or product. The company should not consider the qualitative research most as it limits the scope of the research. Hence, it should attempt to maintain the proper balance of both the research methodologies. The validity and reliability of research should be checked at each stage of research which is not done by the researchers many times.

The company should set objectives and goals before initiating the research as it will help them in providing direction. The outcomes of the research should not only be counted in numbers, words or pictures but also used to derive the overall meaning of the research. It can be seen that technology has emerged in every field of business and personal lives. Therefore, the company should also conduct research with the utilization of technology as it will help in reducing cost and time and will provide more accurate and reliable results. Both the research possesses numerous methods that make it difficult for companies to select the most suitable one. Zara should carefully evaluate the methods and use the most appropriate research methods for attaining effective results. 

M3: Evaluation of the Selection of Appropriate Tools and Techniques

For the analysis of the research and data, some tools and techniques named bar charts and pie charts are utilized. These tools and techniques are easy to understand and apply. Utilization of technology can be possible by using mobile phones and social media sites for conducting research. The questionnaires can be sent on emails and social media sites that can be filled by participants more easily. Use of technology has always been fruitful for the companies since the people have become tech-savvy these days. The balance of both the research methods can be maintained by using surveys and focus groups along with observations as these methods can provide quantitative and qualitative data.

Conclusion

Zara desires to initiate a project for the purpose of developing a new product as a summer-shoe. The project management plan of Zara is effective as it clearly defines each and every task along with the cost and time allocation. The company requires conducting research with the balance of quantitative and qualitative research so that the company can enjoy the fruits of both the methods. It can be said that this research will assist the company in effective decision-making for attaining the project aims and objectives. This research is crucial for Zara as it will provide the foundation to the project.

 

Introduction

Project management is the methods of process, skills, and knowledge that helps to attains the objectives of projects. This project helps to understand the impact of technology on the Kings College London. This report is fragmented into three parts. The first part analyses the objectives and aims of the project with their different concepts such as time, quality, costs, communication and resources. It also evaluates the work break down structure by analysing the different activities of college. In part second it discusses the different methods of research through which data can be collected. It can be in form of qualitative and quantitative that helps to gain the knowledge and understanding. In the third part, it reviews the different methods and tools that help to analyse the data and provide the solution to organization. 

Task 1 Establish project aims, objectives, and timeframes based on the chosen theme.

P1 Devise project aims and objectives for a chosen scenario

• Goals:

It can be stated that every business have goals and objectives. To remain competitive in market , it is necessary for every organisation to attain the goals in an effective manner. The goal of education is to define the skills, competences, and attributes that can be possessed by the students on the completion of a course or program. The project management provides the different tools and methods to students through that can easily learn the skills and attain the goal of college. 

• Objectives:

There are different objectives of the King college in relation to the impact of digital technologies that are discussed below: 

• To help people in their journey of learning process.
• To provide a more organised way of learning program through the help of digital technologies 
• To effectively demonstrate the effectiveness of digital technology in business organisations
• To effectively suggest possible recommendations in the context of improving technological sector in the education industry through the means of digitalised technology

A specific set of goals has been evaluated by every company in order to sustain in the greater community of the business world. In this context, a project can serve the purpose of acquiring the goals smoothly and to provide the company with an impressive business growth. It is a general conception that a proper education is the sharpest weapon for getting sustained in the world nowadays. The power of education can improve people’s lives immensely. Here, project is the key tool in shaping the opportunities on every level of learning process. An exclusive goal can make a business unique from every angle. The context of project making has been revolutionized by the intervention of digital technologies.

P2 Produce a project management plan that covers aspects of cost, scope, time, quality, communication, risk, and resources

Project management plan

2.1 Costs:

Cost can be termed as the value of money that can be used to create something or that deliver the services. Once the cost can be determined by the college they start planning for the budget that is involve in the activities of college. The cost includes the cost or research, labor, technical cost, raw materials and advanced system etc. It is necessary for the manager to aware the cost that is incurred in the project. They have to establish the security system and update the technology so that the Kings College can use in a better way. The total cost can be estimated by the college is €20 million. 

2.2 Time:

Time plays a crucial role in every organisation. It is necessary for the manager to complete the task within the given time period. If they complete the project within the given time period then they can easily attain the objectives. The manager has taken the time duration of 6 weeks to complete the activities.  

Digital technology	Date of implementation	Execution and Time period
Review	10 July 2018	1 week
E-learning	15 July 2018	2 weeks
Cloud Computing	20 July 2018	3 weeks
Web Designer	25 July 2018	4 weeks
Games and Gamification	28 July 2018	5  weeks
Digital projectors	30 July 2018	6 Weeks

Table 1: Chart determines the different technologies for the college. 

(Source: Created by author)

The above table analyses the different technology that can be adopted by King’s college and they have provided the date of implementation for each and every activity. Project management is the exercise of scheduling, initiating, implementing, and controlling to attain the objectives and goals. It also draws the Gantt chart for the activities that are carried by the college. For a proper plan, it is necessary for the manager to understand the cost, scope, time, quality, resources etc. 

2.3 Scopes:

It can be analysed that there are many scopes for the project management. The scope helps to gain the knowledge and understanding from different methods and tools. The scope of project depends on the certain factors such as quality, scope, time. The outcome of project depends on the scope.  To attain the goal and objectives the Kings College determined the scopes. 

2.4 Quality:

It is necessary for every project to maintain the particular standards and quality for the project. Quality can be maintained to improve the systems, services that help in effective and efficient functioning of college. The college adopted the technology such as web developer, 3 D printing, cloud computing, these technology has some quality and standards so that it provides the effective plan to organisation. 

2.5 Risk:

For every successful business, the manager has to face many challenges and risks. It can be stated that business has to face with both internal and external environment. Kings colleges have to face challenges in respect to technology. The challenges and risks are required to rectify so that they can help in the future of business. 

2.6 Communication:

It is essential for the manager to follow the process of communication from start to end of project. To maintain the quality and standards the system of communication is to be good and strong. Coordination among the different departments is necessary and that can be done in a proper manner. The Kings College has to use the effective communication skills so that each and every student can understand in a better manner. 

2.7 Resources:

Resources can be in form of time, capital, tools, equipments etc. With the help of labor and material kings, college can implement the better process of technology. The investors are recognised as the resource as they have to plan for the finance that is required for the execution of technology. Capital is also recognised as resources, to establish the project, it is necessary for the college to have the proper capital. 

Work break down structure: 

Activities	Time	Cost	People	Description
Selection of the topic	1 week	£5000	15	In this topic can be selected with the help of research and different individuals.
Composition of the literature review	2nd week	£3000	4	After the selection of topic, there is the composition of a literature review that includes the materials and textbooks.
Research methodology	3rd Week	£5000	7	Different methods of research are there, it can be done through primary and secondary source.
Collection of primary data	3-5 Week	£4000	5	Primary data is the data that provides the fresh content and that that provides the reliable data.
Analysis and interpretation of data	4- 6 Week	£1000	3	Data can be analyzed in a reliable and proper manner. After that, they can interpret the data to get the conclusions.
Findings	6 Week	£ 4000	6	Lastly, by recognizing all the data they find the conclusions and reach to the goal.

P3 Produce a work breakdown structure and a Gantt Chart to provide a time frame and stages for completion of the proposed project management plan.

Gantt chart:

Activities	1st  Week	2nd  Week	3rd Week	3+4th Week	4+5th Week	6th Week
Topic can be selected
Composition of assessment
Methods of Research
Data can be collected
Evaluation of data
Conclusion

Task 2 Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection to generate knowledge to support the project.

P4 Carry out small-scale research by applying qualitative and quantitative research methods appropriate for meeting project aims and objectives.

It can be stated that data can be collected through the different methods that it through the quantitative and qualitative methods. 

Qualitative research method: It is the exploratory method of research that helps to gain the understanding of reasons, opinions, and motivations. It also provides the insights into the problems that help to develop the hypothesis for the research. It also used to uncover the trends in opinions and thoughts that can be deeper to the problem. It includes the interviews, focus groups, observations etc.

• Interviews: It is the process of in which questions are asked by the interviewee. It can be in structured, semi-structured or unstructured. Interview can be in form of face to face or through the technology via webcam. There can be a telephonic interview also without the visual contact. 
• Focus groups: It can be in form of research that includes the interviews in which individuals are asked about the beliefs, perceptions, and attitudes towards the services, idea or packaging. In this different group of individuals participated in the same problem of the research. 
• Observations:  It is the method or actions that can be observed or monitored through the other individuals.  It involves the data that can be collected through the scientific instruments. 

Quantitative research method: It is used to quantify the problem with the help of numerical data and that can be altered into figures. This research is used to quantifies the behaviors, attitudes, opinions with the defined variables. It also generalises the conclusions from the large population. It is much structured as compare to the qualitative data It consists of online surveys, interviews, secondary data etc.

• Secondary data: In this, the data can be collected other than the user. The information can be collected from census, government departments, and records.  Secondary data saves time as it is collected from the recorded data and provides the large and high quality of database.
• Online surveys: It is the survey that can be done through the internet or by post. It can be face to face or by the telephone. Through this survey, Kings College can conduct the research at the usual cost. It can be easy for the manager to do surveys so that they can get result easily and quickly. 
• Telephonic Interviews: It can be done through telephone in which they can’t contact with each other. The interviewer asks the questions to the interview from phone etc. 

Questionnaire: 

Name: Age: Gender: What are the problems faced by the students in implementing the security system? Installation issue Security problem Will the technology help the students in their development program? Yes No Will the techniques help to protect the professional and private systems?  Yes No Is technology providing the facilities to the students of college? Yes No Is technology helps to remove the problems in Kings College London?  Yes No

Task 3 Present the project and communicate appropriate recommendations based on meaningful conclusions drawn from the evidence findings and/or analysis.

P5 Analyse research and data using appropriate tools and techniques.

Data analyzing techniques and tools: 

Data analysis techniques consist of the qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Data analysis techniques have essential roles in project management of digital technology in Kings College London. Both of the data analysis techniques can be used to understand the impact of digital technology. With the help of data analysis, the data can be received in organized and programmed way. Project management uses the different tools that help the organization to attain the objectives. Checklist is the tool that can be adapted from the wide variety and it can be prepared or in a structured form that helps to collect and evaluate the data. Microsoft can also be recognized as the technique through which Kings College can maintain their records with all the relevant information. 

Results

Figure 1: Survey response

(Source: Created by author)

The above figure shows the survey that can be done by the Kings College. They analyses the impact of technology on the business of Education. From the above graph, it can be determined that around 65% of the respondents are happy with the technology and knows that they enhance the services of organization. Around 27% of the respondents state that it influences less on the sector of Education. Around 8% of respondents state that the technology does not play a better role in the business organization. It can be determined that there is a need for technology as it helps the college to update their issues and problems in effective and regular manner. With the advancement of technology, the Kings College can develop the more avenues of learning. The use of ICT helps to organize and manage the knowledge and also support to gain the skills of students. 

Analysis:

• What are the problems faced by the students in implementing the security system?

Installation problem	50
Security problem	50

From the above pie chart, it can be determined that the problems faced by the students are same. Around 50% of students faced the problem of installation and 50% faced in relation to a security issue. 

2. Will the technology help the students in their development program?

Yes	70
No	30

          From the above, pie chart it can be identified that around 70 % of students state that technology helps them in the development program and 30 % students says that it does not help. 

3. Will the techniques help to protect the professional and private systems? 

Yes	60
No	40

          From the above diagram, it can be determined that around 60 % of students state that the technology helps to protect the systems. Around 40% of students states that they are not protecting it. 

4. Is technology providing the facilities to the students of college?

Yes	70
No	30

From the above graph, it can be determined that around 70% of students state technology is helpful and around 30% that it is not effective 

5. Is technology helps to remove the problems in Kings College London? 

Yes	60
No	40

From the above data, it can be determined that around 60% of student’s states that technology provides the advantage in the program and remove the problem and 40 % states that they are not effective. 

P6 Communicate appropriate recommendations as a result of research and data analysis to draw valid and meaningful conclusions

From the above data, it can be analysed that there are different tools and techniques that are adopted by the Kings College in updating the technology. The technology helps to update the skills and learning to gain the knowledge among students. It can also evaluate that different investors and suppliers receive the advantage from the implementation of technology. The technology incurs high cost and takes more time to execute the process. It is necessary for the manager to use the effective resources such as capital, raw-materials tools of E-learning so that they can work in an effective manner. With the proper research, the manager can develop the views and opinions and that helps to know negative and positive information. 

Recommendations related to data analysis:

• There should be an improvement in time so that organization can easily achieve the goals. 
• It is essential to verify the reliability and validity of information at regular intervals. 
• There should be proper resources and they can be used in an effective and efficient manner. 
• There should be a group of specialized persons who are experts in handling the technology. 

Task 4 Reflect on the value gained from conducting the project and its usefulness to support sustainable organizational performance.

P7 Reflect on the value of undertaking the research to meet stated objectives and own learning and performance in this research.

The main objective of the project manager is to determine the positive and negative aspects in relation to the impact of digital technology. It also measures the tools and techniques that help to improve the effectiveness of the organization. With the development of technology the king’s college has to face many challenges and risk. They can be in form of time, resources, certainty. They use the different techniques such as cloud computing. It helps to achieve economic of scale and coherence that are same with the public utility. Microsoft Excel sheet helps to record the data in a proper form that helps the college to analyses the information. 

With the help of technology, there is the development of other functions such as:

• Accounting: With the technology, the accounting department can easily maintain their records and accounts and that help the college in effective working.
• Managerial functions: It is necessary for the managers to regulate the activities through the technology so that they can record the data of each and every employee. 
• Operational: It is necessary for the manager to operate with the proper measures so that they can perform an an effective manner. 

The project management plan provides the methods and ways from starting to end process. It is a crucial method and requires the understanding or knowledge to gain the experience in the specific field. With the help of research, the manager can analyse the information with their positive and negative effects. They also understand the risk and challenges that are faced by the Kings College. The researcher can collect the information through the qualitative and quantitative data. This information can be interpreted in form of graphs, diagrams etc. This project also identifies the competitive advantage that can be carried by the king’s college. 

It is essential for the researcher to use the valid and reliable resources to gather data. It enhances the sources that help to analyses the information and that is based on the past experience. It is the duty of the manager to assess the data properly and also assess them in an effective manner. 

Conclusion

From the above report, it can be concluded that Kings College develops a better process of technology that helps them in effective functioning. In this, the king’s college has to establish the security system and update the existing technology for the future. With the help of digital technology, the resources are merged into a different process that helps to form the revenue. They also develop the new technology that is a web developer, 3 D printing, E-learning. This all technology helps to gain the learning and also develop the skills in the students. 

The main objective of the business project is to utilize the effective aspects of technology that helps the students inside or outside the campus. They also develop the proper time –schedule for the activities and attained in that time period to reach at the solution. It also evaluates the work break down structure with the activities that help the college to conduct the working at the regular period of time. In this, they also prepare the questionnaires that help to know the actual data from the number of respondents. If there is any negative perception then they can improve by using the different resources timely. The data can be collected from the primary and secondary resources so that the individual can easily attain the knowledge. 

Reference

• Duffield, S. and Whitty, S.J., (2015). Developing a systemic lessons learned knowledge model for organisational learning through projects. International journal of project management, 33(2), pp.311-324.
• Kaiser, M.G., El Arbi, F. and Ahlemann, F., (2015). Successful project portfolio management beyond project selection techniques: Understanding the role of structural alignment. International Journal of Project Management, 33(1), pp.126-139.
• Larson, D. and Chang, V., (2016). A review and future direction of agile, business intelligence, analytics and data science. International Journal of Information Management, 36(5), pp.700-710.
• Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., (2017). Project management for engineering, business and technology. Eds. 4th, Abingdon: Taylor & Francis.
• Polonsky, M.J. and Waller, D.S., (2014). Designing and managing a research project: A business student’s guide. Eds. 6th, California: Sage publications.
• Ramazani, J. and Jergeas, G., (2015). Project managers and the journey from good to great: The benefits of investment in project management training and education. International Journal of Project Management, 33(1), pp.41-52.
• Schaltegger, S. and Wagner, M. eds., (2017). Managing the business case for sustainability: The integration of social, environmental and economic performance. Eds. 6th, London: Routledge
• Špundak, M., (2014). Mixed agile/traditional project management methodology–reality or illusion?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, pp.939-948.
• Trevino, L.K. and Nelson, K.A., (2016). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. Eds. 5th, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

Log Book

Week no.	Date	Update on weekly research
1	10 July 2018	In this the topic is selected according to the interest of students. It takes time to select as they have to choose the effective one.
2	15 July 2018	In 2nd week the review can be done according to the topic in king’s college.
3	20 July 2018	In third week they research from the different sources, it can be primary and secondary.
4	25 July 2018	Data can be collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary data  helps to get relevant information.
5	28 July 2018	After collecting data, it can be analysed and interpreted in reliable form.
6	30 July	In last week they find the solution in relation to the technology that provides the benefits to the students.

 

Introduction

The below report will focus upon the legislation which is applicable to the travel and the tourism industry. The report will provide a brief understanding of the maintenance of health and safety standards for the betterment of the employees as well as for the betterment of consumers of the organization. The report also deals in various laws which are made for the protection of the consumers of the organization. In the end, the report will focus on various ethical dilemmas which are faced by the consumers of the organization.

LO1 

1.1 Explain the legal and regulatory framework of the travel and tourism sector.

Introduction In the UK system, there is no regulatory and legal framework but there is ABTA code of conduct that consists of the issues related to travel and tourism like communication, notification, booking etc. This should be used in order to protect the customer’s right in UK travel and tourism. It is also difficult for the judiciary system of the UK and Wales to meet the requirement of the legal system related to the travel and tourism industry. The judicial system has also provided a guide for visitors to bring all the information together. It also gives a view of the working of an industry like tourism.	Regulatory Framework:  The following are the strategic regulation which is by the government of the United Kingdom in the travel and tourism sector: 1. Strategic Rail Authority: The basic purpose of the formation of this act is to promote the railway networks in the area which is mentioned in the law for the purpose of carriage and passengers from one place to another. The act ensured that a proper development of railway network in the country which ultimately leads to an increase in connectivity of the railway networks which leads to an increase in the travel and tourism industry of the country. 2. Transport Act 1980 and 1985: Such an act was formed with the intention to provide seamless facilities to the tourists of the country. The basic provision of the country deals with the private bus which allows the buses to travel to any part in the country where the tourists of the country can travel through any destinations in the country. The act also provides provisions regarding the fair prices should be given to the tourist of the country. 3. Destination Development Act, 1966: The act is formed by the local government for the development of the destinations of the country in order to promote the travel and tourism of the country. 4. Development of Tourism Act,1969: The act was made and implemented by the government of United Kingdom in order to promote and develop the tourism as well as tourists areas of the country which attracts tourists from all around the world. 5. Carriage by Road Act 1979: The act was made with an intention to protect the rights and interest of the travelers of the country. Such interest can be availed if such travel is paid or free. The act also provides a provision which provides liability to the travel company in case of any injury or loss or damage to the luggage of the customer.	The following are the main objectives of the travel and tourism legislation which are made by the local government of the country.1. For the development of the travel and tourism industry. 2. For the promotion of the local travel and tourism industry. 3. For the protection of the natural resources of the country. 4. For the protection and conservation of wildlife of the local country. 5. For the protection of the interest of the travelers of the country. 6. For the protection of the interest of the travelers of the country. 7. For the protection of the customs and traditions of the country. 8. For the purpose of regulation of terms and conditions which are provided to the travelers by the local traders of the country.
Legal framework:It can be asserted that the UK is separated into different systems that are England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. It is the unwritten constitution and prescribes the rights for individuals and work for the government. It also consists the different sources such as statutes, conventions etc. Judiciary structure The above image shows the judiciary structure in which it divides in to England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland. It can also be noted that supreme court is the highest court and that is the apex court which hears the appeals from the courts in Wales and England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The England and Wales includes the court of Appeal, High court, county court , crown court, Tribunals and magistrate court. Apart from this, the Northern Ireland includes the appellate of court, High court, County court, court of magistrate that deals with the criminal cases. The court of Scotland divides in to different parts such as sheriff principal, justice of the peace court and tribunals in which jury can solve the cases timely.   The tourism industry is one of the major growth industries in the world. The economy of every country depends on upon the tourism of the country which attracts a lot of foreign currency in the country. The local government of various countries, in order to protect such tourism, has made certain laws which aim in protecting the rights and interests of the travelers who are traveling in the country. The laws in various countries are divided into two parts that are general laws and specific laws. General laws are the judgments which are made by the decision of higher courts which are applicable to the lower courts of justice whereas the specific laws are the laws which are made by the act of parliament on the basis of agenda of the government of the country. Such laws are made with an intention to increase the travel and tourism industry of the country (Font, and McCabe, 2017). Such laws also contain certain provisions which provide liability to the business organization in the travel and tourism industry.

 

1.2 Discuss the surface, sea and air transport law in relation to the carriage of passengers within the legal and regulatory framework.

The government of United Kingdom has made certain laws which regulation regarding the transport of sea, air, and surface. The following are the regulatory framework which is made by the local government which is mentioned below:

1. Surface laws: It is the type of laws which are made for the carriage of passengers through the medium of the road. Carriage of Passengers by Road Act 1974 is being implemented by the local government in the United Kingdom in order to provide certain guidelines regarding the transport of the passengers from one place to another. The act also provides insurance to the travelers and passengers traveling from one place to another regarding their risk of life and the risk of damage of luggage of the customers. Luggage’s loss of passengers is administrated by the “Carriage by Railway Act, 1972”. These laws conduct transport of passengers and goods. Disabled passenger’s interest is also protected by this law(de Oliveira et. al., 2016). 

Railway Act, 1993 includes the different functions such as Licensing, review of charges, enforcement, access agreements. It also provides the restructuring of the British Railways Board that can be owned and operated the national railway system.

2. Sea Laws: It is a law which is basically made between the agreements between the countries in the United Nations. The agreement is being made between the members of the United Nations where an organization is formed between such nations named International Maritime Organisations of United Nations. Various conventions are made between the countries with an intention to improve the trade between the countries (Rothwell, and Stephens, 2016). Such an agreement was also made to protect the interest of the passengers and tourists traveling through the medium of the sea. Lifeguarding tools and fire safety related to sea comes under “The international convention for the safety of life at sea (SOLAS)”. Ferry and ship’s liability is suffered and extended by “The Athens Convention, 1974”.

The law of carriage of passengers by Road Act, 1974 is related to the carriage of passengers of railways and also provides the remedies to the parties. It also includes the different protocols and conventions such as protocols 2002 and Athens convention 1974 that provides the compensation in case of loss.

Air laws: These laws are the conventions between various countries which decide the access of air transport vehicle into the boundaries of the country. The rule about international carriage and their documentation are described by “Warsaw Convention of 1929”, “Hague Convention 1955” etc. These conventions are made into effect by different countries which promotes a healthy traveling between the countries. Such convention also focuses upon the up gradation in the aviation technology which focuses upon the safety of the customer’s which are traveling through the mode of air transport

.Landing across the areas like non-traffic, traffic, cargo, and passenger landing come under the law “The Five Freedom Agreement of 1944”, it covers all the rules and regulations. It includes the different conventions and protocols such as Warsaw Convention 1929 that can be established to control and monitor the good and services through the aircraft. This convention is based on conditions for the liability that can arise from the loss.

It also consists the Hague convention 1955, that amends theWarsawconvention and also consists the specific unit with the convention. Apart from this, it consists the Athens convention, 1974 and protocols 2002 which are related to the passengers.

LO2 

Executive Summary: The below task deals in various provisions and legislation which provide health and safety measures which the travel industry should follow. The below provisions and legislation provides guidelines regarding the maintenance of health and safety at work. The report also provides various impacts of the provisions in the travel and tourism industry.

Introduction: The travel and tourism industry such as Thomas Cook has to follow various health and safety measures which need to be followed by the company. Such safety measures are made by the local government in order to protect the risk associated with the travelers who are traveling through the relevant traveling company.

2.1 Evaluate the impacts of the principles of health, safety and security legislation on the travel and tourism sector.

Health and Safety Standards at Work, 1974: It is an act which is made by the local government with an intention to provide safety at the work. The act provides various duties, liabilities, and responsibilities to the employer of the organization. The act also states that the employer of the organization should also consult with the employees regarding the health and safety standards to be maintained at the workplace. The act also provides provisions regarding the formation of health and safety commission to be established by the government of United Kingdom which ensures that all such health and safety measures which are mentioned in the act are duly implemented by the employer of the organization (Gmelch, and Kaul,  2018). The following are the duties and responsibilities of such commission which are mentioned in the health and safety act:

1. It is the duty of the commission to provide necessary information regarding the health and safety standards to the employer of the organization. 
2. The duty of the commission is to ensure that proper training to the employees is being provided by the management of the organization regarding the health and safety standards.
3. It is also the duty of the commission that all the provisions are being compiled by the employer of the organization.
4. It is also the duty of the commission that the business organization is following the approved code of practices where the commission provides adequate guidance to the employer of the organization regarding the maintenance and usage of chemical products in food.
5. It is also the duty of the commission to provide a proper guidance regarding the maintenance of health and safety measures at the workplace.
6. The health and safety commission should also regulate the working of the organization regarding the maintenance of chemical products at the workplace.

Workplace (Health, Safety, and welfare) Regulations 1992: It is the duty of the employer of the organization to maintain health and safety standards in the workplace. The provisions of the acting state that the employer of the organization has to maintain proper health and safety standards in the form of adequate light facilities, adequate ventilation facilities, food and water facilities etc. The provisions of the act also state that the employer should also consult to the expert of health and safety standards regarding maintenance of such standards at the workplace (Hunt, 2018)

Data Protection, the duty of care and Vicarious Liability: The employer of the organization maintains the data of the employees as well as the data of the consumers. The following are the main duties of the data controller.

1. It is the duty of data controller to process data as per the principals mentioned in the law.
2. It is the duty of a data controller to protect the data of the employees and data of the customers.
3. It is the duty of the controller to not to disclose the confidential data to others.

Positive and negative impacts of health, safety, and security: 

Positive impact: The main objective of this legislation is maintaining safety in all aspects of the working environment. It helps the organizations for proper functioning and performing their duties. The legislation provides the organizations three important elements for proper working: Guidelines, approved code of practices and regulations. It also makes sure that tour operators are treating the customers equally by providing them proper goods and services without any discrimination. 

Negative impact: There can be a lack of equality according to the law standards. When some group of people deprived of a specific service or facility, indirect discrimination occurs. Perceptive discrimination is based on perception. Harassment occurs when any person has an unwanted denial from the part of the supplier, client, and contractor etc. Discrimination is the main problem of legislation in the travel industry. A person can claim for remedial measures for being a part of discrimination.     

2.2 Analyse legislation that relates to equality.

The Equality Act 2010 is being formed by the local government in the United Kingdom is promote the equality at the workplace without following the process of discrimination. The act focuses on providing fairness to the employees working in the organization. The act was formed with the intention to provide equal opportunities to the employees working in the organization irrespective of race, religion, color or sex. The government in the United Kingdom has also made various other laws which promote equality in the workplace, the following are the various legislation which promotes equality in the workplace: 

1. Sex Discrimination Act 1975.
2. Employment Equality (Religion & Belief) Regulation, 2003
3. Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006.

The main purpose of such act is preventing discrimination to the employees working in the business organization. Such discrimination can be done on the basis of color, sex, religion, race etc. Such legislation was being supported by the human rights commission. The provisions of such acts were to make such commission which encourages the formation of the commission which aims in the protection of rights and interest of the employees working in the organization. Apart from the above laws mentioned the following are the laws which are made by the government for protection of the interest of the employees:

 

• Race Discrimination Act, 1976: Such an act was implemented and formed by the local government of the United Kingdom. Such an act was implemented with the intention to avoid the practice of discrimination on the basis of race. The act provides liabilities and duties for the employer of the organization who follows such practice as such practice is being prohibited in the law.

• Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978: The act was implemented and made on the basis of an act of parliament. The act provides the rights of the employees working in the organization. The legislation is made to protect the rights and interest of the employees working in the organization. The provisions of the acting state to form the employment tribunal which will only handle the cases of the dispute between the employer and employee working in the organization. Such tribunal is being formed so that the rights and interest of the employees are being protected.

• Disability Discrimination Act 1995: Such an act is formed with the intention to avoid discrimination on the basis of disability of the employees. Such an act was formed with the intention to protect the rights and interest of the disabled employees. 

• Employment Act 2002: The act was formed for the interest of the employees working in the business organization. Some of the provisions of the acts are:

• Provisions regarding maternity leave and maternity period.

• Provisions regarding the complaint of the employees in the employment tribunal. 

Conclusion: As per from the above legislation and provisions it could be noted that the government of the United Kingdom has made certain laws which protect the rights and interest of the employees working in the organization. The report also projects the data which should be maintained and protected by the employer of the organization.

LO3

3.1 Explain contract legislation in relation to travel and tourism customers.

 

Introduction Legislation contract is important for the travel& tourism industry because it is a kind of binding contract that is used by every tourism company regarding their charges and services for customers. It consists of all the details such as departure time, arrival time, destination details, stay charges etc. If company dissatisfy the customers, they can terminate the contract.

The following are the legislation which is explained below in relation to the travel and tourism industry: The contract for the provision of services: It is a type of contract which is made between the buyer and seller of services.  The product was deal between the buyer and seller are in the form of services provided to the buyer by the seller of the business organization It is basically an agreement which is signed by the buyer and seller at a fixed amount of consideration which is discussed between the parties to contract. The contract for the supply of goods: It is a type of contract which deals in goods. It is a contract between the buyer and seller of the contract where the parties to contract decide the amount of consideration which is mentioned in the contract. It is basically an agreement between the parties where the number of goods and the quality of goods are mentioned in the contract in exchange for a certain amount of consideration (McKendrick, 2014).

Contract relating to packaging holidays: It is a contract which is generally made between the tour operators and the customers.

It is a specific type of contract which includes all the terms and conditions regarding the tour 

agency and the services provide by the tour agency in exchange of a certain amount of consideration (Poole, 2016). 

Contract

Elements of contract

• Offer
• Consideration
• Certainty
• Acceptance
• Capacity 

It can be asserted that contract law is important in the field of tourism. As the contract provides the document to the individuals and states the right and duties for the parties. It also resolves the dispute among the parties. There are different elements of contract such as :

Offer: In this Thomas, cook provides the offer to the parties and the organization can be recognized offeror and the party is offeree.

Acceptance: If the clients accept the offer of Thomas cook then there will be acceptance. 

Consideration: It is an important element in the contract as the clients have to pay a certain amount for the tour package. 

Capacity: In case of tourism the party who makes a contract shall have the capacity to frame the contract. 

Certainty: The contract should be certain which means that the parties should understand the terms and conditions. 

Enforceability: The contract should not be executed until the enforceability of law. There should be a legal obligation and intention between the parties.

 

3.2 Explain consumer protection legislation in relation to travel and tourism customers.

Introduction As the holidays and travel increasing day by day, it has been essential to creating the schemes and rules to protect the customers in case of something goes wrong in the traveling. The main aim of this contract is the customer’s protection in any kind of circumstances.	The following are the various legislation regarding consumer protection in relation to travel and tourism: Consumer Protection Act, 1987: The name of the act suggests itself, as the act is made with an intention with the protection of the interest of the consumers Rodger, 2015).  It provides penalties and criminal liabilities to the seller of the product upon selling of the damaged product. The act provides punishment to the seller upon selling of prohibited goods to the consumers. The act provides authority to the commissioner employed under the act by the government, to search and seize goods which are unsafe to the customers.	Trade Description Act, 1968: Such an act is made by the act of parliament by the local government in the United Kingdom. The act is made with an intention to protect the interest of the consumers in the country. The act also prohibits the various traders and various businessman of the various business organization to provide misleading and incorrect information to the consumers of the business organization to provide misleading and incorrect information to the consumers of the business organization. The act also prohibits the business organization to sell the lower quality of the products (Southwell, 2015).For example: If there is any false information. Provided goods don’t have good quality. Provided goods are not that which are applied for.
It is noted that consumer is an individual who can be treated like a king and they are under obligation to know the laws and policies in respect of consumer protection.

In today’s modern era, consumer needs to be protected as there are frauds that hamper the rights of consumer and leads to the consumer dissatisfaction.

For example, the data should be protected as there are parties that hack the data, so to protect the parties there should be the data protection Act. This act provides the rights to the parties in respect of information and also lays down the punishment that breaches the data.

LO4.

Executive Summary

The ethics in the business is one of the most common factors which need to be considered by every travel and the tourism company. The issues are diversified in several fields namely the higher profit, the sustainability and the loyalty of the customer. In this report, the analysis of the ethical dilemmas faced by “Thomas Cook” and the Corporate Social Responsibility followed by the company has been discussed. Apart from this the extra measures taken by the company to improve the performance of the business has also given proper attention.

Introduction

“Thomas Cook” is one of the most important flagships in the area of the travel and the tourism industry. For the company belonging to this sector, travel and tourism are based on the ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility. The ethics are one of the core factors in deciding the performance of the business and the corporate social responsibility makes an add-on for the future development of the business and the enhancement of customer satisfaction.

4.1 Analyze ethical dilemmas faced by the travel and tourism sector.

Businesses use the discipline for working that is called ethics, in which they execute their moral duty. In this businesses perform all the good and bad practices which provide the guidance for performing good ethics. To develop a business, ethics have a crucial role in this. Businesses get a good shape by practicing good ethics. The ethical issue depends upon the organization or business.

Business Ethics investigates the ethical rules and principles that can arise in the environment. These principles can apply to all the aspects of business conduct and that is suitable to the individuals and organizations. It can be termed as the standards, principles, norms, and values that help to govern the action and behavior of the individuals and organizations.

The ethical dilemmas faced by the travel and the tourism sector are spread across in a lot of the ways. The tourism industry is considered as one of the most critical industry in the world as it assists in the generation of the revenues and the significant contributions to the GDP of the country. According to the Thus Donaldson, ethics is the systematic study of the issues at a moral level which is faced by the business in day to day lives, by industry or by the practices and the beliefs. The ethical dilemmas which the company like Thomas Cook has to face are however outlined below.

• Unfair trade practices.
• Labour of the age 18 or less.
• The human rights are not complied with.
• Dis-balance of the judicious resources.
• Bribery.
• Exploitation of women (Darrow, et. al., 2015).
• Through the advertisements that may mislead the customers.
• Cultural Impacts and 
• The discrimination on the basis of the caste and religion.

Such dilemmas are duly faced by the customers of the business organization which needs to be avoided by the Thomas Cook(Tiwari, and Chatterje, 2017). The organization has made sure that the products and services which are supplied to the customers are up of certain quality standards as well such products are up to the ethical standards which are acceptable to consume in the eyes of law. There are four main areas that consist of business ethical dilemmas in Thomas Cook-

• Dealing with the consumers

• In the supply chain

• At the business place

• In the local community 

The business ethics of Thomas cook contains the areas-

• Dealing with supply chain and clients
• Environment-related policies
• Corporate social responsibility 

It can be noted that tourism is the major force in the economy and there is an increase in the opportunities. Apart from this, it can be asserted that the tourism industry is ethical in nature and consist of depletion of natural resources, environment, economic imperialism. There are certain principles such as :

• It improves and strengthens the place, character, identity to the public at large. 
• It also protects and enhances the historic, cultural and aesthetic resources for present and future generations. 
• It also promotes the awareness of social, economic and environmental tourism. 
• It also encourages education and research tourism that focuses on the ethics, preservation, and destination. 

If the Thomas cook implements these practices then it will be effective and helps the tour operator to conduct the activities. 

4.2 Analyse the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policy of a specified travel and tourism business.

Economic carries the maintenance of social activities and ecological balance is the part of the “Thomas Cook”. For conducting these they use the code of conduct which is used as guidance for Thomas cook. Corporate Social Responsibility is the process of the application of the environmental and the social scanning of the environment and auditing of the business practices. In relation to the Corporate Social Responsibility of Thomas Cook, it is the world leading holiday companies with the volume of sales of pound 9 billion. The main responsibilities in the line of the Thomas Cook are outlines below.

• To maintain and survive during the climate change
• To fulfill the demands of the customers on a seasonal basis
• To face the geopolitical changes and to maintain the impact of the instability in the tourism sector
• The technological changes like artificial intelligence, increasing use of the internet enabled services, the blockchain technology and to make sure that the resources are utilized in a judicious manner.
• To follow the ethical rules and the regulations in order to decarbonize the travel sector.

Thomas cook comes under the corporate social responsibility for the environment; they are accountable for protecting the nature and maintaining the ecological balance. The key elements of Thomas cook are services, products, and processes that are acceptable by the environment. They focus on CO2 decrement and changed climate assessment. In holiday regions, environmental policies are:

• Nature conservative
• Species protective
• Landscape protective 

In order to achieve all the responsibilities, the company has created the new strategy and the responsibility from itself to bring out the positive changes in the capital market of the travel and induce the destinations for the customers and for the communities and the working conditions for the employees. Apart from this, the company has increased the 12% increase in the fuel efficiency for the airlines operating in the group. 

Moreover, the company has also built the brand with the hotels and providing the capacity to the customers with a high level of satisfaction (De Grosbois, 2016). Across Thomas Cook, the company has made many contributions in the form of the charity which are operating in the Airline division and the Continental European business. The Paris Agreement delivered the new framework in the line of the accelerating action and the investment made in reducing the emission of the carbon.

Conclusion

Therefore from the above analysis, it can be interpreted that Thomas Cook has followed the ethical responsibility and the corporate social responsibility and is striving for ore by giving better opportunities to the customer for filling their travel destinations. 

Conclusion

The above report contains provisions regarding travel and tourism industry which Thomas Cook need to follow. The report discusses the provision of surface, sea and air transport laws which have to be duly complied by the business organization. The report includes various conventions and agreements made between various countries to abide by the air, water, and surface transport laws. In the end, the report provides a brief understanding of the company regarding the practice of corporate social responsibilities.

References

• Darrow, J.J., Sarpatwari, A., Avorn, J. and Kesselheim, A.S., 2015. Practical, legal, and ethical issues in expanded access to investigational drugs.
• De Grosbois, D., 2016. Corporate social responsibility reporting in the cruise tourismindustry: a performance evaluation using a new institutional theory-based model. Journalof Sustainable Tourism, 24(2), pp.245-269.
• de Oliveira, M.M.F., Ebecken, N.F.F., de Oliveira, J.L.F. and Aires, M., 2016. NumericalModeling of Air Pollutants Emitted by Waterway Transportation. Journal of Geoscienceand Environment Protection, 4(06), p.123.
• Font, X. and McCabe, S., 2017. Sustainability and marketing in tourism: its contexts,paradoxes, approaches, challenges, and potential. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(7),pp.869-883.
• Gmelch, S.B. and Kaul, A., 2018. Tourists and tourism: A reader. Waveland Press.Hodgkinson, D. and Johnston, R., 2016. International Air Carrier Liability: Safety andSecurity. Routledge.
• Hunt, G., 2018. Health and Safety Pocket Book.Routledge.
• McKendrick, E., 2014. Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University
• Poole, J., 2016. Textbook on contract law. Oxford University Press.Press (UK).Publishing.
• Rodger, B.J., 2015. The Consumer Rights Act 2015 and collective redress for competition law infringements in the UK: a class act?. Journal of antitrust enforcement, 3(2), pp.258-286.
• Rothwell, D.R., and Stephens, T., 2016. The international law of the sea. Bloomsbury
• Southwell, B., 2015. licensing act 2003-apply for or vary a premises license.
• Tiwari, S. and Chatterjee, S., 2017. Ecotourism in protected. Research Journal ofAgriculture and Forest, 5(1), pp.1.

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Introduction

In this report they have to discuss some of the important points which will make the business projects easy. In this report They have also discusses what are the important project management processes. Globalization is involving other foreign countries in the business by either hiring people or taking raw materials for the products also discussed what are the factors effecting the project management.To manage a successful business there is need of understanding problems and drawbacks of organization and learn about the scope of business in future about demands of customers in managing the concept of globalization.The importance of Work breakdown structure and Gantt chart to explain the importance of business projects. They are working on London fashion week will be on 16thFebruary to 19th February2019 where they must launch a new product show on a new brand. He is the product manager Fila shoe company.

• Establish your aims and objectives for the project. Outline objectives and timeframes based on the scenario set.

The aim and objective are too mandatory to achieve a goal in a particular project. The project aim and its objective are set up by the project manager; it helps the manager to make a better plan in an easy way to finish the project. A primary goal for the private sector is to earn a profit for their business by fixing goal; some other aims are like to achieve a sustainable position of business in the market. Total expensive to spent on the aim to achieve specific goals. The British fashion brand of London. The Burberry started a project for improvement and maintains improvement in local communities by setting an aim and objective to achieve a clear goal for it. The aim and objective are mentioned below-

Project aim- Fila is planning to launch new summer shoes in the market where there is already influence of other big brands. The aim of the project is to establish new market for their brand new shoes by launching it in London fashion week. This project helps the company to about the attractiveness and advantages among the competitors by gaining the attraction of people through such projects and activities, helping the company to take place globally and increasing its brand value. The company have to set specific goal to launch product by following business strategies and managing successful business projects.

Project Objective- Objective gives a clear direction to follows specific steps for the succession of a project carried out by an organization; an objective for a project is established in various steps for creating a framework for achieving the desired goal of the project. The company has set an objective of the project; the company wants to gain an advantage in competition with other competitors to place the business in a new market. The company must ensure the quality of their project and about the capability of cost for new project and resources which are needed in the project. The company must analysis their project about the advantage of it and involvement of people and their reaction towards it, if there is recommendation for change than company have to implement those changes.

• Produce an appropriate project management plan that includes relevant actions to meet objectives and timeframes.

Management Plan- Project management plan includes strategy, ideas, skills, activities, techniques to meet project objectives. Management Planning is a process (a set of steps and levels which are needed to gain the result of the project) and steps which are useful throughout in the whole project to achieve its output. The main objective of the Management plan is to run the organization in a systematic manner by explaining the project aim, objectives and goals. The following elements are needed for a proper management plan-

•   Costs – Cost is an important element of the project, the approximate cost is required for the project like payment to employees, travelling, Raw materials, administration expensive, organization insurance, communication charges, promotion charges.
•   Scope – Project scope is essential to set the goal of organization project. The project scope includes planning of the project, its future scope the project, and the basic needs of the projects.
•   Time – Time is always an important specification for the business project. Project time includes the total time to complete the project. A Time limit is set for starting of the project and to end of the project to achieve the project goal on time.
•   Quality – Organization must ensure the quality of their project because the project is like be a promotion for business among people and competitors. 
•   Communication – Communication is key to do best for the project. Communicating with the people and stakeholder involvement in the projects ensure the main strategy for the succession of the project.
•   Risk – Every business project has some risks. The organization get advantage from the project but there are also some risks of it due to the failure of a proper management plan, limitation of cost, time, failure of involvement of volunteers and governments.
•   Resources – Resources includes the experienced staff, skilled human power involvement and proper and required investment and the positive attitude of the management in the project.

Business implementation Plan – Business implementation plan is defined as to increase business effectiveness by using some strategy and methods. Breakdown structure and a Gantt chart are explanation methods of working task in management process. Brief explanation of Gantt chart and Breakdown structure is given below-

Breakdown structure – As the name indicates itself to breaking of task in subtasks, so execution process become easy. Breakdown Structure is used by various organizations to carry out their business operations by dividing task segments in groups and subgroups so it became easy to manage. The Break down structure is very important business implementation plan.

The project is launching of a new shoe by Fila shoe company in London fashion week.this event is very crucial as many fashion enthusists will be coming to see what new coming in the fashion sector.

A proper management plan is been made by the upper management of the Fila shoe company to launch the new shoes in the London fashion week and also to make a forum to maintain and take feeds from the old loyal customers of the Fila.

Schedule of project – Schedule of project is brief statement of the tasks and activity of particular project like when task is started and date of completion of task. Schedule of project is also defined as to state duration of completion of task.

Activity Name	Duration	Initial Date	Ending Date
Project Initiation	14 Days	22th December 2019	4th January 2019
Market Investigation	6 Days	22nd December 2018	27th January 2019
Portfolio Assessment	5 Days	27th  January 2019	31st  January 2019
Idea Generation	2 Days	31st  January 2019	1st January 2019
Project Planning	9 Days	2nd  January 2019	10th  January 2019
Product Scheming	3 Days	2nd  January 2019	4th  January 2019
Material Preparation	2 Days	4th  January 2019	5th  January 2019
Budget and Risk Preparation	4 Days	5th January 2019	8th  January 2019
Development	21 Days	9th  January 2019	30th   January 2019
Product Manufacturing	14 Days	9th January 2019	23rd  January 2019
Product Testing	8 Days	23rd  January 2019	30th  January 2019
Project Closure	21 Days	30th   January 2019	20th February 2019
Product Completion	12 Days	30th   January 2019	12th February 2019
Induction of the Project	4 Days	12th February 2019	15th February 2019
London Fashion Week	5 Days	16th February 2019	20th February 2019

The execution plan of the Fila project implies the plan when the scheme will work in actual terms. The execution plan includes the actions and in how much time they will be completed separately. A project management tool named Work Breakdown structure is used for screening the time schedule and ordering of the doings involved in the project of Fila. WBS is a division of the entire project into the units that are not only controllable but also small for easy conclusion. Resulting is the WBS of the project of Fila:

Gantt chart 

When the project schedule activities are represented in systematic and graphical way by giving a clear description of different task performed at which time. To represent activities in Gantt chart, there is need to make a project schedule activity to define activities in clear way. 

The project Management plan is set of instruction or rules (maybe formal approved document) which define executions, monitoring, and controlling of a project from its initiating to its closing in a proper manner to achieve a specific goal. The quality of The project is directly linked to the quality of the project management plan. Milestone schedule in the project management plan indicates towards the responsibility of management, deadlines of the project, real budgets. Milestones help to be on track and complete the given project on time. Milestones table sets management plan for monitoring and completing aim into practical, concrete terms, project deadline and responsibilities in tabular form to help on concentrating management plan. Monitoring and completing the aim and objectives of the project is to monitor the performance of the project about its complexity and approach of the project among the people and competitors. 

• Conduct research to generate knowledge which will form the basis for analysis of the scenario posed in the brief.

Project management process is the collection of some process which is used to managing a project in a systematic manner. Project Management process collections are divided into five groups for understanding the proper concept of the project management process. Five process groups are initiating Process, planning process, executing a process, Monitoring and controlling and closing process.

Figure 1: Detailed Planning

(Source: logical, 2018)

A Small scale research has been conducted by the management of Fila before launching the new shoe launching to take the feedback from the loyal customers of the company.

Research conducted to analyse the kind of customers Fila has which category of shoes are been mostly liked by the customers.

According to this small scale research it was found that most of the customers out of all like the Sneakers category shoes of Fila and they disliking the Sports segment according to research as they are costly and are not very comfortable to wear. A fabric improvement is required in the sports shoe segment.

Questionnaire

1What type of shoes people want to wear? Court T-bar Flat Sling back 2.Organization offer personalized or customized footwear Yes No 3.What are the main factors if you switch to buy the footwear of another brand? Quality Price Innovation  Advertisement Others 4. Have you bought any footwear influenced by any ways of marketing or branding program? Yes No    5.The most appropriate channel for promotion of new shoes.     Television     Social Media     Print media

D)Analyse your findings and conclude and give recommendations:

The Fila shoe company will be going to launch their new sneaker shoes in the February week in London fashion week. A small scale research has been conducted recently to prioritize the categories of the shoes. There are certain finding been made as Sneakers are the most loved Category.

So the research suggests and recommends Fila shoe company to launch a sneaker as in this recession period and low market period a launch of a shoe which is not too famous among fila lovers would be risky.  

1.What type of shoes people want to wear?

Court	30
T-bar	20
Flat	10
Sling back	40

In these analyses, the customer can mostly like the choice of their own or by recommend by others.

2.Organization offer personalized or customized footwear

Yes	60
No	40

We can analyses about the organization; people understand what they offer to their customer.

3.What are the main factors if you switch to buy the footwear of another brand?

Quality	40
Price	10
Innovation	20
Advertisement	20
Others	10

In this analysis, we analyse that customer first priority towards quality of shoes.

4. Have you bought any footwear influenced by any ways of marketing or branding program?

Yes	70
No	30

In this mostly customer influenced by the branding or marketing. It creates trust towards the quality of item.

5.The most appropriate channel for promotion of new shoes.

Television	40
Social Media	50
Print media	10

In these analyses, the company can refer to marketing about the creation mostly on social media. After that, television and print media. 

The conclusion of the Analysis

In this, the analysis is given about the entire performance of the corporation and getting the response of the customer about the product. Here the corporation should build a product shoe for seasonal and how they can make it better than the other business to attract the customer by giving a eminence product at a sensible price.

The analysis of the business plan using qualitative and quantitative research:

The validity and reliability of any project is to analyse two basic things: qualitative research analysis and quantitative research analysis.

 The qualitative research helps to analyse the confusing and unsolved difficult part in the research. The qualitative research is used to generate research. Being product manager qualitative research is required to launch a new product as same kind of shoes not be available already in the market as it will not attract the customers. The important concepts are validity and reliability. The research should be valid and it should also be reliable in context of the business plan. 

Qualitative research: In qualitative research an open-ended plan has been developed to target the basic aim of the project. There are following two types of data collected in it. Primary data and secondary data. The online interview will collect the primary data. The senior manager will take the telephonic data. The primary data will be collected via Google forms etc. it is not that much important for any research in a new shoe product launch.

One on one interview: Re-branding is generally a very difficult task to actually conduct as rebranding can involve new recruitments for the new products so which require quality employees who can work in good ethics. Direct one on one interviews are more personal kind of interaction where a participant chosen by them can speak more candidly and the interview. They can connect easily with the view of the candidate.

This is very important part for a business which is going to re brand them as the person whom they are recruiting should have the ethics and knowledge on the new product which the company is going to produce.

Mixed methodology: There are some advantages and dis advantages of the qualitative and quantitative research. By qualitative research a person can understand the positives a negative of a business plan.

The Benefits of qualitative research are:

• It tends to record the audio which makes it easy to analyse response.
• It provides you the privilege to access and explore multiple topics.
• Qualitative research tends to be cheaper for an organisation as for mass recruitments it will be costly to conduct.
• It can be undertaken as they have no need to conduct large interviews in single time.

What is quantitative research?

A small business firm which has clear on what are its needs they use quantitative research as they requirement are the numbers not the kind of people. It can be paper based such as survey or telephone call.

The Benefits of quantitative research are:

• It allows busy people to give privilege or permission to provide or collect data in very large volume. The analysis and surveys can also be conducted in speedy way.
• A detailed set of information in large volume can give you a good amount of confidence while setting future goals.

E)Present and produce your project in an appropriate manner for the intended audience.

This process connects the activities of the project and makes it easier for the project manager to manage and control the project. Initiation will involve researching and evaluating existing product and idea generation while planning will implement product design along with planning of materials, budget and risks. The execution phase consists of product manufacturing and testing. Product finalization, launching and London Fashion Week will constitute the closure phase. 

Mixed methodology is one of the effective research ways for collecting data. For conducting the research, Fila Shoe Company has developed questionnaires for collecting the data for research analysis.

The questionnaire contains 5 questions regarding the project of introducing the new summer shoe in the market. The questionnaires were given to various customers of each class and their responses were taken.

As per the analysis made from the data collected by the research, majority of customer feels that the price of the new summer shoes should be affordable price. Competitive pricing strategy was the least selected pricing strategy. As per the analysis, Fila Shoe Company should adopt affordable pricing strategy.

The report has provided a detailed project management plan of File Show Company. The company should focus more on conducting market research using qualitative and quantitative research methods for gaining more accurate and detailed information. 

There are mainly two types of methods of research: qualitative research and quantitative research. This comparison is important because as a product manager of a shoe company,shoe are something which people buy if they like, so the likings of the people  in UK should be considered.

There are 3 platforms where these two research methods can be explained and compared.

• Validity
• Reliability
• Accuracy

Validity: Validity in qualitative research says “appropriateness” of the process and techniques. Whether the research query is appropriate for the given provided question, the choice of methodology is correct with the given data analysis. The concept of “individuals” is different in different fields. Where humanistic group of psychologists believes the humans are the existential and social awareness. 

Reliability: The research which will be conducted should be reliable to the shoes product to be launched and research should be conducted to analyse the kind of people the age group been attended in London fashion week.

 In qualitative method reliability means the exact repetition of a kind of quality of a kind. Reliability lies with the consistency. There are 5 approaches to enhance the reliability such as use of tables, data comparison etc. the scope and analysis of the data should be comprehensive and reliable   in context quantitative aspects. 

Accuracy:

They compare qualitative and quantitative analysis in terms of accuracy, then qualitative analysis is more accurate in business planning because in qualitative research the needs or requirement of the organisation given the priority so more accurate person is required which can fulfil the needful.While quantitative survey or research does not require these.

There are basic two analysis tools have been used in the research process. The transcription data process analysis has some advantages and disadvantages also. The transcription process reduces the demand of fashion business plan.

The encoding type of data analysis has some good and bad features. By encoding data analysis, a good speed can be maintained by the researcher but the process will reduce storage space of the product. It will also increase the accuracy of the process and increase the market selling of the shoes. But the encoding process can destroy the relevance of the data.

F) Communicate your recommendations in an appropriate manner for the intended audience.

Fila are the shoe fashion company which wants to cover the market of the fashion world. They need to communicate with the customer by advertising of the product which they can produce After analysing all the data, the organization has come to a point that if a shoes company or organization has become highly ethical or highly socially connected then the bonding .They the colleagues and managers can be improved. This will also positively affect the total production area of the company. In this fashion world company has the main aim to compete with the competitor and customer can like the product what they can sell. For cover and sell the market, they need to focus on plan what they can implement, how to create the coordination between the process and product. If the product can satisfy the needs of customer then they can easily attract from the company. From this, they will make a more efficient and effective product as compared to the past product. In this survey, they can give a fine product and also know about the new demand for the product as customer need

Steps to evaluate decision making process:

• Once when you clear all the data and understood the process they should start finding and identifying the alternatives of solutions. There are many kinds of ways to reach a solution so They have to understand all the alternatives.
• Weight the alternatives: They should analyse and evaluate by acceptability, desirability to know the best alternative. And then select the path which has the highest chance of success. Weigh the pros and cons and try to neglect the cons.
• Choose among alternatives:  while choosing the best alternative they should know which alternative is best suited and should also know that they should not hinder our project with the risk involved.

Recommendations for organizations

• Skilled employees – To Manage successful business project to enter in a new market and taking competitive benefits from other organisation, there is a need human resources who are skilled and experienced in the relevant field.
• Legal advisory – The organisation have to complete all legal procedure which are mandatory for the initial starting of a new project, so it will not become a matter of objection in future.
• Budget – Budget is one of the main require feature for the new project, the management makes sure about the required budget before implementing the program. 
• Product Customization – The quality of the product or service provided by the company must be on the standard parameters. 
• The Good Hotel of London has to follow these recommendations for managing a successful business project by managing the quality of their services.

The qualitative and quantitative analysis both are important for any research in the business planning. Data analysis shows that if a company has to stay in the market for a long run that company has to be socially They will connected and also should be working in the ethics of the organization. The company should be working towards the aim and objective of the company and also good ethical work will also improves the employee and employer relationship.

Project management plan: There are many big and small advantages of a project management. A project management defines the reliability and scope of the business plan. The plan also finds out some major perks and limitations of any project. By the project management the manager can understand risks involved in the project. There are also certain limitations of any project such as: miss directing of any project, probability of any project etc. to establish the fact that the research is going in the correct way the project managers will conduct some small-scale research mainly on two bases the qualitative research and the quantitative research. 

G). Complete a performance review that addresses the following: 

The Organisation considered various things after undertaking research work on the project.  The research work gave lot ideas to the organisation to gain a sustainable development in the market and be strong in competition with competitors by using the base of globalisation. In the undertaken research project of The Good Hotel, we clearly stated that the tools and techniques of research methodologies must be used in a proper and inefficient way so it easy to achieve the aim and objectives of specific goals for organisation success. We learn lots of things from the undertaken project which are as follows.

•   Control on cost – Cost is the main fact of a project, the research thought ideas and techniques to cost control.
•   Communication skills – It helps to makes better communications skills with clients.
•   Negotiation skills – It helps to learn about ideas to manage stakeholders and to make better deals with clients.
•   Skill to manage Risk – The project helps in learning and facing risk in proper manners so project meets the objective.

The project was to acknowledge and get the feedback of the people attending the London fashion week as Fila is launching the new shoe category and they are very looking forward towards it. The London fashion week is a prestigious week for all fashion enthusiast and brands as it is the best way for any brand to connect with their customers one to one.

The Fila has arranged a forum also about the issues and problems they are facing also to take reviews from the customers. Reviews have been taken on forums about their new and old shoes. Performance review has been taken some of the proto types are also showcased some are based on old and some are newly based.

The forums and reviews of the customers help any brand or organisation to work accordingly so that they can improve their performance and future products. Taking feedbacks of any product is very crucial part of any organisation future aspects.

b) . Your own performance.

 

Proficiency	How I have settled in this area	What I need to do to progress further in this area
Logical skills	We can do the development in the plan which will we make for the future.	We can increase the analytical person which can analyze the market feedback.
Investigation skills	We can break the task in parts which they can achieve.	I can prefer qualitative researcher which can give the more efficient result.
Planned skills	By getting better message with the customers and provide them with a good product.	Get experience person for strategic planning.
Project preparation	By rising the worker opinion.	Analyze what the need of the customer and make the plan.
Statement skills	Upsurge the skills of the employees.	Give the training to the employees.
Report writing	Get a correct report of the examination record (Hodgson and Paton, 2016).	We can develop by analyzing the places where the customer is more.
Crew building	Select experience person which already do the work in a team.	Analyses the person from a different department and develop a better team.
Allocation	Get a powerful manager which can give a good result, develop people.	The manager needs more skillful and accepts new technology.
Budget preparation	Do plan which can give qualitative output within budget.	Get a better quality resource within a low budget.
Risk valuation	If the company can take the risk then they get successful.	If the company can take a risk which was effective and give better future output.
Program nursing	Monitoring the plan which can implement by the team.	Make the trained team which can easily solve the problem between the process.

Conclusion

After doing the project work on Managing a successful business project, it makes clear that there is great need of implementation of the proper management plan, project, and management process and to follow the strategy of management for improving the performance and quality of the research project work. There is an important need for research of market where the organization needs to establish their business to get relevant data according to the organization. Project Management helps to manage the business project in an efficient and easy way by dividing it tasks in employees and set time limit to complete a task using Gantt chart and breakdown schedule. There is a need for accuracy and reliable data for the proper research in the project, so it is mandatory to use qualitative and quantitative methods inefficient manner.

References

• Acaps, 2012.Qualitative and Quantitative Research Techniques for Humanitarian Needs Assessment.Acaps.
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• • Kerzner, H., 2015. Project Management. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 
  • Krstic, B., Kahrovic. E., &Stanisics, T., 2015. Business process management in hotel industry: A proposed framework for operating processes, Original Scientific Article Vol. 61, October-December 2015, Page no. 21- 34
  • Kukhnavets, P., 2016. How to Improve Productivity with a Work Breakdown Structure? [Online].Ganttpro. Available at: https://blog.ganttpro.com/en/how-to-create-a-work-breakdown-structure-wbs-with-project-planning-templates/. [Accessed: 4 February 2019].
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• Martinelli, R.J. & Milosevic, D.Z., 2016. Project management toolbox: tools and techniques for the practicing project manager. John Wiley & Sons.
• • McLeod, S., 2017. Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research. Simplypsychology. [online] Available at: https://www.simplypsychology.org/qualitative-quantitative.html [Accessed: 1 February 2019]
• Monnappa, A., 2018. Project Scope Management: What It is and Why It’s Important. [online] Simplilearn. Available at: https://www.simplilearn.com/project-scope-management-importance-rar89-article [Accessed: 30 January 2017]
• Pandey, P., Pandey, M.M., 2015. Research methodology: tools and techniques. Bridge center
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Appendix 1

Project Log Book

Week	Starting Date	Ending Date	Activities
Week 1	22th December 2018	28th December 2018	Project Initiation Phase: Market Investigation- Started & Completed Portfolio Assessment- Started
Week 2	29th December 2018	4th January 2019	Portfolio assessment- Completed Idea Generation- Started & Completed Project Planning Phase: Product Scheming- Started
Week 3	5thJanuary 2019	11th January 2019	Product Designing- Completed Material Preparation- Started & Completed Budget & Risk Preparation- Started & Completed
Week 4	12th January 2019	19th January 2019	Project Development Phase: Product Manufacturing- Started
Week 5	20th January 2019	27st January 2019	Product Manufacturing- Still Continued
Week 6	28st February 2019	4th February 2019	Product Manufacturing- Completed Product Testing- Started
Week 7	5th February 2019	12th February 2019	Product Testing- Completed Project Closure Phase: Product Completion- Started & Completed Induction of the project
Week 8	13th February 2019	20th February 2019	Induction of the project Completed London Fashion Week- Started & Completed