buy online assignment

Assessment 1

Westpac Bank was the first bank of Australia which established in 1817. It offers banking service and financial amenities through some splits: Business bank, Westpac Institutional Bank, Consumer Bank, and Westpac New Zealand. The total number of employees is 32,000. It’s headquartered in Sydney (Crane, 2019).

Information and communication technology plays an important role in a financial institution. The requirement of technologies identifies the competencies, system and project. Organization perceives the investment and estimate the cost or service provider. Information technology helps to make the interaction between bank managers.IT provide strong support in generating the goals and objective of the organization. It set the priority and determines the resulting budget.

Role of Information and communication technologies are applied in various areas like:

Management System: Bank manager need to communicate in various areas during the process is taken place. They can easily focus on all the transaction which is placed at the bank or taken place as online methods. The expenses or the service cost need to be minimized if manager track over all the system. Now organization use advanced technology methods which stores all the database of the bank and helps in their further processing (Yanover, 2015).

Efficient Transaction: Information and communication technology processes the business transaction in an efficient and accurate manner. All the transaction placed is the track in the supervision of the manager. 

The database of employees and customers cannot be shared with the other. Technology proves that security and privacy is the first rule in the banking environment. The resource planning system and customer relationship management system associate for building the relationship between the management system in the bank or the financial institute.

Information is a valuable asset in the financial institute. Westpac Bank brought various changes throughout time. Technology offers the fastest means of transaction. Online banking system builds a supportive area and breaks the myth of banking hours. Now the availability of bank is 24 hours. The main aim of the information and communication technologies of Westpac Bank is they provide a well and good service to their customer. It helps in making good decision and strategies. Nowadays by the help of technologies branches of the bank may connect or make interconnection between them.

The good quality information can go in a long way in helping the managers to take the correct decision regarding services provided by the bank. As everyone knows how important good decision is to an organization and since this decision all depend on the information so it must be ensure that it must be always reliable and efficient. Accurate information reduces cost and saves time. The accurate information emphasizes further planning of the organization and it reduces the cost of the research, campaign, survey etc. Since these, all activities are done through technologies. After the introduction of digitization financial institute saves their time and consumer can able to perform the transaction and taking advantage of the banking service through the mobile application and official website of a particular bank or financial institute. The responsibility of the organization is to accurately operate the network operation, security, setting the global technology standard and the strategies (Ahnert,2018). 

References

• Ahnert,T., & Georg, C. P. (2018). Information contagion and systemic risk. Journal of Financial Stability, 35, 159-171.
• Crane, A., Matten, D., & Spence, L. (Eds.). (2019). Corporate social responsibility: Readings and cases in a global context. Routledge.
• Yanover, V., & Ziv, N. U. S. S. (2015). U.S. Patent No. 9,148,838. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Introduction

Travel and tourism industry is one of the emerging industry in current time of period as the number who are willing to travel new places had expanded in the past few years. This particular report will also discuss about several aspects which are related to this particular industry. The report will provide concise information about the revenue management system of the industry in the context ofVisit Britain. This is one of the largest tourism organizations of United Kingdom. The study of report will also discuss about the concepts which could be used to manage the budgets and sustain statistical and financial records of the business. There will also be the discussion about HR approaches which are majorly necessary to be initiated to attain the majorly required workforces. There will also be the discussion about ethics and legislations of the travel industry.

Part 1: Sales, Budget and Revenue Management

Scenario 1

P1 Discuss the rationale and principles of revenue management for the travel and tourism industry.

Revenue management is one of the concept which not only saws in the high demand, but it also helps to encourage the demands the law period with preferred avoidance to the pricing anthropophagy. The revenue system is the long term strategic approach which takes the insertion of several revenues with their cost-effectiveness into contemplation. This aims to sell law rats even in the high demand to manage the business structure (Di Foggia and Lazzarotti, 2014). This is necessary for Visit Britain also to attain efficient management over the revenue structure. 

Rational of revenue management 

The revenue management is one of the concept which helps to provide most suitable services to the customers of the business. In context of determine about several destinations and values this is the most impactful approach which could be helpful to maintain the economic structure. 

• This focuses on each group or department of the organization and analyse some factors which needs to be initiated to attain growthand development.  
• This helps to attain some innovative trends which helps to improve the services in cost efficient manner. 
• It helps to build proper balance between different departments and authorities of the organization. 

Principals of revenue management 

This is necessary to attain the revenues system and approaches in efficient manner which could be helpful to accomplish the major objectives of the business. There are some of the principals which could be helpful to manage the business process. 

• Market segmentation: This is necessary for Visit Britain to analyse most suitable armlet in significant manner (Abrate and Viglia, 2016). 
• Historical demands and booking patterns: In context of tourism destinations could vary from customer to customer but this is necessary not to avoid any historical place as well as the booking needs to be available. 
• Demand estimate and dislocation analysis: This is necessary to determine about required estimations which will be necessary to manage the customers at different location. 
• Pricing and inventory management: The pricing values and implications and majorly required to be managed in significant manner.
• Overbooking and information system: The scenario of overbooking needs to be managed with proper implication of required amendments (Cetin, et. al., 2016). On the other hand, this is also necessary to use proper technology system to communicate with the large customer base. 

M1 Analyse the impact of differentiated pricing strategies on revenue management in a specific sector of the travel and tourism industry

Differential pricing strategy is the approach of selling same product on differentprocess to the different customers. This strategy ensures organization to attain prior efficiently. Transportation is one of the emerging sectors of tours and travel industry as the motive of tourist is just to enjoy their leisure time at some different place. This differentiated pricing strategy affect the revenue management of transportation sector. As this is the strategy in which sake of the customer pays less amount for the services rather than some other customers. As revenue system refers to managing the pricing values of the productivity for limited services (Sigala, 2015). In that particular case in context of transportation there are several scenarios and services which could be initiated by the avoidance of price for some certain customers to make them comfortable with the discounts factures. This could be helpful to attain their values and efficient customer base conversely, it could also affect the profit factor of the business. 

D1 Critically analyse the principles of revenue management and its application in a specific sector of the travel and tourism industry

There are several principals of revenue system which includes pricing, market segmentation, and booking. These factors play vital role in context of transportation sector. As this sector possess large customer base of tourism industry. These principals of revenue help the organization to understand about the customer’s needs and customersto get more connected to the values of the organization (Di Foggia and Lazzarotti, 2014). Thus, this is the approach which helps to expand the values of business in more significant manner.

P2 Investigate how a specific sector of the travel and tourism industry applies revenue management tools to generate and maximise profit.

Travel coordinator is one of the most important job profile of tourism industry as these are the employees who guides travellers to attain wonderful experience. The revenue management attain several technical tools which could be helpful to manage the business performance. In context of transportation industry too this tools plays vital role to attain generate and maximise the profit. There are many of the aspects and profit factors which helps to attain the growth and development in the business sector. Some of the revenue management tools are: 

Property Management System (PMS)

One of the major tool of revenue management is Property Management System (PMS) as this helps to attain the management of several property factors related to the transportation services (Di Foggia and Lazzarotti, 2014). The transportationsector requires to haveavailability of accommodation which could be used by their tourist to stay hassle free and having the property management system is one of the major preference of attaining that particular management to be initiated in significantmanner. 

Booking facilities 

Effective booking system is the major necessity for transportation organizations. That could be understood that the customers always like to attain major benefits in least time and in the current technical time rapid booking facilities are the major necessity of customers. The booking system could help the customers to connect with the values of the organization which helps to expandthe business. Thus, this could be determined as one of the major tool to attain profit. 

Channel manager

The manager or higher authorities are required to attain proper balance over the performance management of different inventories on the reservation. This is not necessary to analyse several business portals to handle the booking factors. This is necessary to understand that one channel system could be helpful to attain more specific management of the business. This could also be helpful to analyse the most required factors to be modified. 

Rate shopper 

This is necessary to analyse the pricing and different factors of the competition as the analysis over the competition is one of the factor which helps to determine about the market trends and also helps to analyse about the most suitable changes which are necessary to be initiated(Sigala, 2015). 

Demand forecasting

This is one of the tools of resource management which ensures to provide with the better determination over the current marketplace necessities as well as historical approaches. This could be beneficiary for the organization in terms of analysing about the necessities of marketplace and will also provide with better understanding about the outcomes necessary to be engaged in terms of handling the businessperformance. 

Sideliner

The travel and tourism industry faces challenges in terms of managing the pricing activities as the destination rates and customer requirements could be affected in terms of handling the prices. This application provides with certain suggestions to manage the pricing values which will be beneficiary for Visit Britain to access over customer’srequirements.

Part 2: HR Life Cycle and Human Resource Strategy

Scenario 2

P3 Review the different stages of the HR life cycle applied to a specific travel and tourism job role, and their importance for retaining and developing talent

Human resource lifecycle includes several aspects which helps to attain organizational management and growth. In context of travel and tourism industry this is majorly necessary to have proper inclusion of that type of HRM which helps to expand the business culture. This is necessary for HRM to attain several steps and research before attaining the travel coordinatorfor the business of Visit Britain. Some of the stages of HR lifecycle are: 

• Recruitment: This is one of the major responsibility of HR department to recruit the most talented and skilled candidates. As attaining the employees according to business needs helps to expand the business values in more significantmanner (Taqi, et. al., 2018). The profile of travel coordinator needs to be filled with the enthusiastic and nature lover person. 
• Education: This is also necessary for HRM to provide proper training to the employees regarding ongoing process of the business. The travel coordinator requires tio trained and understood about several destinations organizations deals with so that they could provide more efficient customer values. 
• Motivation: The motivation and satisfaction are the major necessity for employees to deal with the organizational perspectives. As this is necessary to provide some of the advantages and values to the employers which motivates them and in context of travel coordinators they need to provide with the facilities of appraisals and motivation. 
• Evaluation: The human resource plays vita role to manage the organizational culture with the help of different evaluation and management techniques of the workplace culture. On the other hand, this is also necessary to initiate some certain changes in the business process which helps to expand the business values in significant manner. 
• Celebration: This is also one of the responsibilities of HRM to initiate some of the reward and appraisal programs to motivate the employees who had performed extremely well (Azam, et. al., 2018). This will help the employees to extend the bar to perform in more significant manner.

Importance of HRM lifecycle for retaining and developing talent

• This could be helpful to attain the employee structure which could be most impactful and necessary for the organization.
• The efficient HRM initiates some of the strategies which helps to attain balanced workplace culture. 
• The balance and satisfactory workplace culture makes the employees more interactive towards the organizational structure. 
• This helps to attain the advantages of developing the diversity in the internal structure of business (Önder and Treiblmaier, 2018).

M2 Evaluate the importance of the HR life cycle in relation to strategic talent management and overcoming issues of staff retention

The HR lifecycle plays essential role to build the organizational structure in context of attaining the values and proper management of the workplace. The strategic talent management is one of the approaches which indicates towards some of the ideas to attain talented employment in the organization. HRM plays vital role to critically analysing about the employment structure which is necessary to be initiated. The industry is currently facing many of the issues related to the staff retention as current employees are left the organizations due to the lake of balanced workplace (Nag, 2018). The efficient implication of HR lifecycle could be the best option to be used to attain the efficient workplace culture.  Thus, it could be stated that efficient structure of HRM could be helpful to attain growth and development. 

D2 Make valid judgement and recommendations on how HR processes and documents can be improved for effective talent planning throughout the HR life cycle

The processing of HRM includes several implication and approaches which are related to attaining several plans and strategies which could be used to attain the efficient and most required talent to expand the business culture (Fong, et. al., 2018). This is required for the HRM to maintain the process of recruitment and selection with proper inclusion of specific aptitude and careening tests that could be helpful to determine about the values and determination of the employees on some specific and easy aspects. 

P4 Develop a performance management plan for a specific travel and tourism job role, applying techniques to resolve negative behaviour and to overcome issues of staff retention

The performance management plan includes some of the improvement sects which are necessary to be initiated by the travel coordinator (Assaf and Tsionas, 2018). These are some of the responsible part of organizational business who helps to attain the valuable customer base. 

Performance management plan 

Description of the underperformance:	The travel coordinator is facing issues related to explaining the scenarios and values of theplanning.
Aim of the Performance Improvement Plan	The plan aims to improve the skills and capabilities of the values of travel coordinator.

Improvement Objectives	Success Criteria	Additional Support Required	Review Schedule	Objective Outcome
Communication skills	This could be improved with proper inclusion of some modification in the processed knowledge.	Several online and offline learning sources.	By the time coordinator is communicating with the customers.	This will be helpful to attain the customer satisfaction by clearing all of the doubts.
Research and analysis	This ability could be helpful to expand the business values with the help of having knowledge about several traveling places.	The ability of searching the techniques of observation could be helpful to attain the benefits.	By analysing the performance of travel coordinator to getting interest regarding the information of different places.	This could be helpful to attain the advantages of managing the travelling process with the help of analysing several places.
Traveling and enthusiastic energies	This is necessary to have the ability of traveling and exploring new places in travel coordinator.	This skill will be helpful to engage with the more efficient customers base.	Bu determining about the changes and modifications adapted by travel coordinator.	Customers will be satisfied and exploration of new destinations will extend the business.

Techniques to resolve negative behaviour and to overcome issues of staff retention

This is necessary for the organization Visit Britain which helps to resolve the negative behaviour and resolve the issues which are related to the staff retention. One of the specific technique which can be used is related to the attaining the record and management of the appraisal and benefits regarding the employees (Nurdiansyah, 2018). Apart from that this is also necessary to attain some of the techniques which engage employees towards the organizational performance and management. 

Performance management plan 

Description of the underperformance:	To attain and manage talent in the organization.
Aim of the Performance Improvement Plan	The plan aims to improve the skills and capabilities of the values of travel coordinator.

Improvement Objectives	Success Criteria	Additional Support Required	Review Schedule	Objective Outcome
Training and development	Proper training to the employees so that they can knowcompany values.	Several online and offline learning sources.	Time to time analysis over the performance of employees	Will provide with better determination about the employee’sengagement.
Performance analysis	This will be beneficiary to analyse employees on basis of performance.	Will be required to have proper team to track records accumulated by the employees.	Employees will be analysed on the efficient performance indicators. This will provide with understating of their abilities.	This will provide with the advantages of handling the process of internal business management.
Traveling and enthusiastic energies	This is necessary to have the ability of traveling and exploring new places in travel coordinator.	This skill will be helpful to engage with the more efficient customers base.	Bu determining about the changes and modifications adapted by travel coordinator.	Customers will be satisfied and exploration of new destinations will extend the business.

Part 3: Legislation and Ethics in Travel and Tourism

Scenario 3

P5 Illustrate the potential impact of the legal and ethical considerations on a travel and tourism business

Legal issues and problems directly affect the functions and operations of travel industry. this is because due to these types of issues it becomes difficult for the management of organization to offer better services to its potential customers. The problems of the industry can be solved and overcome by taking corrective actions and also by using different laws and regulations for the future course of action. With the help of these laws proper guidance can be easily provided to the employees for completing a particular task in limited time period. 

The legal laws and regulations can have positive and negative impact on the functioning and development of travel and tourism industry. This is because different laws are used in the proper manner then chances of mismanagement can be directly reduced. While if these laws are not used in the proper manner then chances of confusion and dissatisfaction among the customers can directly increase. Some of the main types of laws that governs the travel and tourism industry of UK are – Employment law– Travel and tourism sector jobs regulations include all the freedoms and legislation to support employee health and values. It involves supplying the workers with the minimum salary interrelated with their operating hours. After two months of beginning the job, workers can provide detailed reports on the employment process, schedule and full rules to be enforced.

Contract law– The T&T sector follows such contract rules that guarantee company efficiency and standards are handled. It is important in order to decide the contract laws which ensure that business values are handled. It is important in order to realize that the transactions launched on the market are contract based and can not be gone. All of the parties need to obtain recognition so that the risks of conflict can be overcome.

Trade description act 1968: The trade label act has been introduced specifically to protect consumers from deception and misinformation. This act applies fines or sanctions or provides consumers with inadequate details. Planning the possible behaviour according to this act is very important for Cosmos. In achieving so, the company’s long and short term targets can be easily accomplished.

Package travel regulations 1992– The main motive of this act is to provide relevant information to the praties, so that goals are easily attained. with the help of this act proper accommodation services can be easily provided to the customers. 

Tourism act 1969-This type of act aims at promoting the tourist place in the proper manner. this act aims to coordinate different activities for the development of the tourism industry in systematic and well organised manner. 

Potential impact of regulations, legislation and ethical principles on decision making 

There are different types of legal laws and regulations that have a significant impact on the decision making process of the organization. If the management of organization plans to use the laws in proper manner then chances of attaining the long and short term goals will be automatically increased. Various ethical principles can be taken into consideration for taking logical decisions related to growth and development of the organization. Any misuse of laws and regulations will directly trigger hindrance in Cosmos ‘ growth. That is because the management may not be able to offer appropriate guidance to the employees for greater treatment of the consumers due to incorrect rules.

M3 Using specific examples, examine the potential implications of regulations, legislation and standards on decision-making in the travel and tourism industry

There are several laws which are related to the travel and tourism industry which mainly focuses on to provide healthy and efficient services to the customers with the proper implementation of some of the services which are majorly required for the customers to attain benefits in significant manner. These legislations positivelyimpact over the services and values which are providing by the industry (Assaf and Tsionas, 2018). For example, the legislation which is related to the holiday packages helps the organization as well as customers to attain proper determination about attaining proper idea about most specific aspects which could be fulfilled from the services. Thus, it could be stated that these are some of the laws andlegislations which provides stability and growth to the business structure. 

D3 Critically reflect on the potential impacts of regulations, legislation and ethical principles on decision-making in the travel and tourism industry

According to my point of view this is necessary to have some sort of value and authenticity which needs to be used by the organization while providing services and values to the customers. Different type of laws which had been initiated by the organization helps to attain customer’s values in more significant and efficient manner (Assaf and Tsionas, 2018). This also helps to attain some of the factors which help to balance the business.

P6 Examine the potential implications of regulations, legislation and standards on decision-making in the travel and tourism industry and critically reflect on the potential impacts of regulations, legislation and ethical principles on decision-making in the travel and tourism industry

The potential implications of regulations, legislation and standards on decision-making in the travel and tourism industry

There are many laws relating to the corporation, jobs and contracts which may influence the nature of the firm. It will be calculated to include the market environment and the manner it needs to be handled effectively by getting any of the rules. With the help of different laws and regulations the management of organization will be able to take better and improved decisions for the future course of action. This is because decisions will be taken after analysing the current as well past situation. the main laws and regulations that are followed in travel and tourism industry is Civil Aviation authority, ABTA and Federation of tour operators. By using these laws the management directly focuses on taking relevant decisions for the future course of action. 

Critical reflection of the potential impacts of regulations

the impact of regulations can be positive or negative depending upon the situation. The actions of the traveller in choosing the destination they will visit will often be related to the travel risks. Due to different types of risks and problems or change in the need of customers the functioning of travel and tourism industry is directly impacted. If the management of this industry is not able to solve such types of problems, then chances of rise in unemployment for the individuals working in this industry directly increases. The business contracts are enforceable and means that imitated judgments on the contested item are supported with the legally enforceable protection. The competition contract motivates the decision to guarantee the efficiency of the facilities, while the non-competing contract implies that the stability and maintenance of the company community will be accomplished.

The contract of holiday package will directly help the organization in providing and offering better services to the customers in less time period. While with the help of contract of carriage effective plans and tactics can be easily made for transferring the carriage in a well organised manner.There are various other plans and strategies that can be made by the organization for improving the current  as well as past situation in limited time period.

Part 1: Sales, Budget and Revenue Management

Scenario 1

P7 Explore the different types of financial statements and reporting mechanism for organisation within the travel and tourism industry

Financial statements of the business help the company to analyse the financial performance of the business. Financial statements are an important tool which helps the company to know the financial activities of the business. The company prepares annual financial statements to know the overall business which is being implemented in the business environment. Travel and tourism industry is fastest growing in the world. There are various ways by which the company analyse and prepares the financial statements (Eddy, 2016). In travel and tourism sector, there are various ways by which the company prepares the financial statements in order to know all the financial activities of the business. Following are some of the types of financial statements-

Cash Flow Statement– Cash flow statements are prepared by Visit Britain which helps the company to record all the sources by which the cash is coming within the business. Other than this, the company also lists the cash which is going out of the company. It can be purchase of any machine for increasing the production of the company. Visit Britain can make use of the cash flow statements to record the cash that is being coming in and going out from the business (Eddy, 2016). 

Income Statement– Income statement is defined as the Profit and Loss statement. This is the way where Visit Britain can be able to analyse the ability of the company to generate profit. The annual income of the business is being analysed which helps Visit Britain to see whether the company will be able to generate profits or not. Income statements also help the business to analyse their own income statement (Eddy, 2016). 

Balance Sheet– Balance sheets of the company are prepared in order to manage the assets and the liabilities of the business. Balance sheets are prepared by an enterprise on a quarterly or annual basis. All the assets and liabilities within the business is managed. Balance Sheets do not include the operating results, only the assets and liabilities are mentioned. Also, the main focus of the company should be on removing all the liabilities of the business. The management should focus that there are no liabilities within the business (Eddy, 2016). 

M4 Interpret financial statements and reports for organisations within the travel and tourism industry

Within the travel and tourism industry, the financial statements can help the business to manage the business operations. The cash flow statements and the income statement will help the business to manage the profit of the company. Visit Britain can manage the financial activities of the business and can also help the business to record all the financial activities which are being implemented in the business. Income statement will help Visit Britain to manage and record the financial activities of the business. Income statement will also help Visit Britain to know whether the company is gaining profit with the business activities or is facing loss. Strategies can then be implemented for the improvement in the business operations. Balance sheet of Visit Britain will help the company to record all the assets and liabilities of the business. The management of the company can also focus in removing all the liabilities of the business. 

D4 Evaluate business performance based on financial statements reports for the travel and tourism industry

Visit Britain implemented the types of the financial statements in order to improve the business performance. Cash flow statements help the business to record all the financial transactions of the business. Other than this, the income statements also helped the business to know whether the company is generating profits or loss with the business activities. Other than this, balance sheets have helped the company to manage and record all the assets and liabilities within the business environment. Balance sheet also helped the business to reduce the liabilities within the business environment. 

P8 Explain the importance and value of budgets for controlling business performance and identifying variances

Budget is an important tool which can help an enterprise to manage and control all the financial activities of the business within the business premises. Other than this, budgets are made to control the expenses of the company as well. Companies prepare quarterly and annual budget and all the activities within the business is conducted according to the decided budget (Banks, 2018). Budget can also help the company to save money for the future use as well. While the budget is being prepared, all the units of the business are present. Opinions and views about the budget are taken and after the mutual understanding, the budget is being prepared by the company. Budgets can also help the business to control the business performance as well. 

A budget is planned by a company to-

• Manage the business performance and control the finances of the business
• Also helps the business to meet its objectives and goals within the business environment
• Makes sure that there is sufficient money for the future use as well
• Helps the company to fund its commitment (Popovič, et.al, 2018) 

Budgeting here calculates and estimates the revenue, plans and expenses of the company. Other than this, the budget also helps the company to manage the expenses of the business. Budget also restricts the company to spend on those products which are of no use and are expensive as well.  Budget also ensures that the money is allocated properly so that the business can easily achieve the business goals and objectives of the business (Przywara and Rak, 2019). Therefore, it can be stated that the budget can help the business to manage the business operations and can also help in achieving a sustainable business environment. With the help of budget, all the financial activities and the expenditures of the business can be managed. Also, the budget helps the company to stop spending on the unwanted equipment of the business. 

Variance analysis– This is the budget for the production unit for Visit Britain which is a tourism industry in the market. The expected sales unit of the business is £877,500 and the direct material of the business amounts to £135,000. £81,000 is the direct labour and the production overhead amounts to £94,500. The administrative overhead amounts to £216,000. After analysing all the units, the profit of the company amounts to £351,000. 

Budget for the production unit 27000				Budgeted production for 10000 and 20000 units
Particulars	Amount			Particulars	Amount	Amount
				Sales	325000	six50,000
Expected sales units	877500
				Direct Material	50000	100000
Direct Material	135000			Direct labour	30000	six0000
Direct labour	81000			Production Overhead	35000	55000
Production Overhead	94500			Administration Overhead	80000	80000
Administration Overhead	216000
				Profit	130000	355000
Profit	351000

Above mentioned is the budgeted production which helped in the management of the business operations. The expected sales unit of the business were amounting to £877500. After analysing the costs of direct material, labour, production overhead and administration overhead, the profit of the business will be £35100. On the other hand, if the production is between 10,000 to 20,000 units, the profits seem to be more. The profits in the production between 10,000 to 20,000 units are £355000.  

Role and Value of Budgeting–

1. Budgeting helps in maintaining the assets and liabilities of business.  Budgeting helps in getting proper information about the assets and liabilities of the business. 
2. Budgeting also guides the management about the policies and the formulation of the policies. 
3. All the departments of the business can be managed. 
4. It helps in controlling the unnecessary expenditure of the business 
5. Activities within the business can be co-ordinated 
6. Weakness of the business can be disclosed which can help in providing proper management of the financial expenditure. 

Visit Britain is also managing the financial expenditure of the business with the help of Budgeting. Other than this, budgeting will also help in the management of the assets and liabilities of the business. Visit Britain can also get proper information about the expenses of the business and in which manner they are being used. Profits and losses of the business can also be managed with the help of budgeting.

Conclusion

The report had discussed about several aspects travel and tourism industry as this is one of the emerging industry in the current time of period. There was the discussion about one of the tourism organization that is Visit Britain. The revenue management in foremost concern in context of managing the business values with the help of different aspects related to the tourism. Apart from that this is also necessary to attain proper consideration about the factors which needs to be managed while attaining the business related to the HRM and Legislation. 

References

1. Abrate, G. and Viglia, G., 2016. Strategic and tactical price decisions in hotel revenue management. Tourism Management, 55, pp.123-132.
2. Assaf, A.G. and Tsionas, M., 2018. The estimation and decomposition of tourism productivity. Tourism Management, 65, pp.131-142.
3. Azam, M., Alam, M.M. and Hafeez, M.H., 2018. Effect of tourism on environmental pollution: Further evidence from Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Journal of cleaner production, 190, pp.330-338.
4. Banks, K. 2018. The Importance of Budgeting in Business | WLF Accounting & Advisory. [online] Wlf. Available at: https://wlf.com.au/importance-budgeting-business/ [Accessed 26 Nov. 2019].
5. Camilleri, M.A., 2018. Nurturing travel and tourism enterprises for economic growth and competitiveness. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 18(1), pp.123-127.
6. Cetin, G., Demirciftci, T. and Bilgihan, A., 2016. Meeting revenue management challenges: Knowledge, skills and abilities. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 57, pp.132-142.
7. Di Foggia, G. and Lazzarotti, V., 2014. Assessing the link between revenue management and performance: insights from the Italian tourism industry. Measuring Business Excellence, 18(1), pp.55-65.
8. Eddy, D. 2016. Three Types of Reports – every Travel Company Needs. [online] Dcsplus.net. Available at: http://www.dcsplus.net/blog/three-types-of-reports-every-travel-company-needs [Accessed 26 Nov. 2019].
9. Fong, V.H.I., Wong, I.A. and Hong, J.F.L., 2018. Developing institutional logics in the tourism industry through coopetition. Tourism Management, 66, pp.244-262.
10. Nag, A., 2018. A Study of Tourism Industry of Himachal Pradesh with Special Reference to Ecotourism. Sumedha Journal of Management, 7(1), pp.85-106.
11. Nurdiansyah, A., 2018. Halal certification and its impact on tourism in Southeast Asia: a case study Halal tourism in Thailand. KnE Social Sciences, pp.26-43.
12. Önder, I. and Treiblmaier, H., 2018. Blockchain and tourism: Three research propositions. Annals of Tourism Research, 72(C), pp.180-182.
13. Popovič, A., Hackney, R., Tassabehji, R. and Castelli, M., 2018. The impact of big data analytics on firms’ high value business performance. Information Systems Frontiers, 20(2), pp.209-222.
14. Przywara, D. and Rak, A., 2019. CS & SC Monitoring of Time and Cost Variances of Schedule Using Complex Earned Value Method Indicators.
15. Sigala, M., 2015. From demand elasticity to market plasticity: A market approach for developing revenue management strategies in tourism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 32(7), pp.812-834.
16. Taqi, M., Ajmal, M. and Ansari, M.S., 2018. Financial efficiency of India tourism development corporation (ITDC) limited: An empirical study. Journal of Tourism Management Research, 5(1), pp.14-22.

Introduction

This is important to maintain a proper legislation for travel as well as tourism sector which could guide the sector in a definite manner. However there are different kinds of laws as well as regulations which the authorities should be considered in order to grow the tourism market without any kind of constraints under different circumstances. Though according to most of the researchers this is not an easy task to get some idea regarding law as well as tourism at the same time and this is also quite complicated. There could be different legislations which is actually consisted within the concept of tourism as well, such as, ATOL, IATA, ABTA as well as CAA in this situation.

Discussion

LO1 

Thus for a market researchers this is important to possess some information about these different legislations under this context. These numerous regulations could be, such as,

• IATA

IATA defines the “International Air Transport Association” which itself is a trade association for the overall airlines throughout the world. This governing body has currently 290 airlines which actually represents 117 countries in this situation (Zheng et al. 2018). Headquarter for this governing body is in Montreal, Canada whereas the executive office in Switzerland, Geneva. This trade association therefore has been started its operations in the year of 1945 in Havana. 

According to IATA there should be a fixed structure for fare in order to avoid any kind of price competition. However this has been found out that there could be some positive implication as well as negative implication of this governing body. The different positive implications could be,

• IATA always tried to maintain the safety for both their member airlines as well as passengers as their first preferences
• The overall airline business has been simplified through different practices by the IATA. In accordance with this they have introduced “Simplifying the business” which has been started on the year of 2012. Through this practice E-Ticket as well as boarding pass with bar code has been introduced to the passengers
• IATA always tried to sustain its environment by use the fuel in an efficient manner as well as through carbon emission
• On the other side consulting as well as training services have been provided by IATA under different circumstances

Again there are some negative implications of IATA also which has been faced by them for quite a long time (Bendell and Font, 2016). These native implications could be, such as,

• According to IATA, the global industry for air transport has been downgraded in the year of 2019 due to lack of demand
• The net profit post tax has been declined a per IATA in the year of 2018 which was estimated by them around 30 (Billion) (USD)

ATOL

ATOL defines different practices by “Air Travel Organizers’ Licensing” which is actually a scheme by CAA in order to protect the passengers financially that have actually purchase any package holidays or operated through a tour operator. However most of the key tour operators within the UK are governed by ATOL and they are also bounded to hold the ATOL license in order to legally sell their air travel.

However there could be some positive implications as well as negative implications through which ATOL has been operated under different circumstances (Bitner and Booms, 2018). These different implications in this situation could be, such as,

• It provides license to operate in a legal manner to the air travel firms that is based on the UK
• Through this legislation tourists could get the protection financially regarding their air travel as well as if they travel through any tour operators
• They have enforced in the year of 1973 with a proper viewpoint towards the travel as well as tour operators and packages
• On the other side if any tour operator couldn’t get any license from ATOL then they can’t work in a legal way thus this could create a negative impact within the industry
• ATOL doesn’t always provide the safe environment to the tourists regarding their tour packages

• CAA

CAA as well as Civil Aviation Authority could be considered as the statutory corporation based on which different aspects could be regulated across the overall civil aviation within the UK (Buckley, 2017). There could be different responsibilities that have been approved by the CAA which is considered as the positivity of the body. These responsibilities could be such as,

• CAA could be responsible for the issuing the license of the pilots as well as equipment testing
• Based on the viewpoints of CAA security standards could be regulated across the aviation industry
• Practice the scheme for national protection for the passengers as well as customers 

Though CAA provides several opportunities to their members as well as passengers, sometimes failure in the telecommunication industry as well as training establishment could create a negative situation for this governing body.

ABTA

They have considered as the travel association body for British travel agencies through which it would be possible to deal with the tour operators as well as travel agents. This governing body tried to maintain very high standard as well as regulate all the tour operators through the UK.

• Roles and Regulatory powers

There are some regulatory powers through which arbitration services like any kind of consumer disputes could be submitted (Cîrstea, 2018). Also some code of ethics as well as conducts could also be practiced under different circumstances. These could be,

• • The act of consumer protection could protect as well as save their consumers from any kind of unfair trading regulation
  • Through the legislation of health and safety, the risk regarding consumer’s health could be easily decreased

• “Legislation act, [2003]”

• “The act of data protection, [1998]”

• “The act of Sexual Offence”

• Structures

There could be different kind of courts through which travel sectors could operate as well as apply if there is any kind of dispute. These different courts could be,

• “The Magistrate court as well as Court of Appeal” could deal with the mostly any kind of criminal offence or civil case
• “Country court” could deal with the land related cases
• “High court, Supreme Court as well as constitutional court” could deal with the criminal as well as consumer dispute and this cases could consisted of barristers as well as solicitors
• “Crown court” could deal with the suits of the criminal cases
• Solicitors could provide several legal advice as well as support to the clients against the tour operators as well as tour agents (Hall, 2019)
• Barristers could easily represents the organization as well as customers within the court

• 1974, The Road Act

This act could describe as the regulations as well as law which is related to any kind of liabilities as well as rights of the passengers regarding their carriage as well as luggage by the road under some definite contract. However there is some acts which has been established in this context. These could be,

• “1979, Air and Road Act (Carriage)”

• “1974, Athens Convention (International Carriage)”

• “1979, Air and Road Act (International Carriage)”

Some Protocols as well as conventions regarding Air Transport could be, such as,

• “Warsaw, 1929”

• “Hague, 1955”

• “Montreal, 1975”

• “Denied Boarding Compensation Schemes European Union (1997)”

LO2 

Introduction

Different legislations as well as regulations could help the travel agencies as well as tour operators through which travel business could operate without any kind of constraints (Hasan and Abdullah, 2018). These regulations therefore could help the tourism industry to operate in a way which is properly supported by the law under different circumstances. Not only regulations as well as legislations are important for tour operators or tourism industry but also it is helpful for customers as well as tourists regarding their carriage, health as well as safety under different circumstances. This overall situation therefore could be able to depict some rules as well as regulations which could support this overall report with a proper justification.

Discussion

Health and Safety Act, 1974 (Work)

This act is an important one for the people who are continuously working on different work. However a proper example could be given in this situation where if a sport person is playing tennis or football, then this is important to maintain his or her safety and it comes under this act (Heung et al. 2019). Thus the different implications could be,

• Based on this act people could easily maintain the safety, health as well as welfare of the employees as well as administrators at the workplace
• This act therefore easily protect the employees who take risks at their place of work and secure their health conditions
• Through this act atmosphere emission could easily be controlled under different circumstances
• However sometimes this act can’t also protect the employees at their workplace hence could create a negative impact

Act of Occupiers Liability, 1984

According to this law a duty could be imposed who could trespass or visit the premises without any kind of permission. This situation therefore sometimes could be considered as the criminal offense at the workplace. Thus this law could help the people to protect their any assets as well as land by prevent the visiting their place without any kind of permission. 

Data protection act 1998

It is very much essential for the researcher to make plans for protecting its data from any unknown party. This type of data is mainly designed for protecting personal data that is stored on the computers. According to this act the top management of organization can focus on making proper and improved plans for protecting and saving the data within limited period of time. This act is mainly used for attaining the goals and objectives within limited period of time.  

Duty of care

This law has been considered the law under Trot law where legal obligation could be imposed on the individual as well as people with whom there will be no familiar relationship with other party (Hojeghan and Esfangareh, 2018). Thus in this act of duty of care there will be two parties and between those two parties there wouldn’t be any kind of familiar as well as direct interrelationship. 

Vicarious liability

This act has also comes under the trot act. It defines the liabilities that have been taken by the superior for the act of their subordinate as well as any other third party. The employer and employee of any kind of organization could be a great example for this act.

Act of sex discrimination, 1975

This is important for the people as well as any kind of community to practice this act in order to refine the society. Modern society sometimes discriminate among the male as well as female and the female persons whether they are home maker or employees is underprivileged most of the time. Thus this law could help them to secure their position within the society (Jackson and Barber, 2015). On the other side, sometimes there are some political leaders who could misuse this law. According to this act it is very much essential for the top management of any organization to provide equal job opportunities to male and females. This means there should not be any discrimination done with the female employees rather focus can be laid on offering equal benefits to them. If the organization is successful in doing this than it can lay positive impact on this functioning. This is because its workforce will be more satisfied and chances of conflicts will be easily reduced. 

Act of Race Discrimination, 1976

This act has been practiced since 1976 under UK Parliament in order to control the discrimination regarding racism throughout the society under different circumstances. There should not be any discrimination done with the employees on the basis of their race or creed. Focus can be laid on providing them equal opportunities, so that work can be easily completed in an organization. 

Consolidation act of Employment protection, 1978

This act tried to protect several responsibilities as well as rights of the employees within their organization. Employee insolvency, several employee benefits could come under this act. There are different kinds of rights and values that can be taken into consideration for providing better satisfaction to the employees within limited period of time. 

Act of Disability discrimination, 1995

Based on this act any kind of discrimination of any disable person could be prevented. If a disable person wants to rent a property then tenant should make that property with disability adapted. As per this act there should not be any discrimination done with the disable person working in an organization. The top management can focus on providing safe and secure environment to these type of people so that they do not face any kind of difficulty while working in an organization. 

Employment Act, 2002

Any kind of dispute at the workplace, equality among the employment, equal treatment of every employees as well as family-friendly workplace could be practiced under this act and every organization has been bounded by this law. According to this type of act it becomes the duty of management to provide equal chances of growth opportunities to its each and every employee. This act will also enable the management in forming proper and positive relationship with its workforce. 

Act of Human Rights, 1998

Through this act human rights throughout the UK as well as European countries could be practiced under different situations. According to this act different innovative plans and strategies are made for the overall development of the individuals. In this type of act major focus is laid on treating each and every individual as equal and providing them equal opportunities for their growth. It helps in providing justice to individuals in case of any mis-happening. The functioning of TTM will be directly affected by this act if proper plans and guidelines are not made for the overall development. This means if the top management of TTM is successful in making proper and innovative plans according to human right act than better satisfaction can be provided to the individuals and chances of their overall development will also be directly increased. 

Conclusion

Thus this has been found out that practicing these several laws could help the overall workplace as well as societies to operate in an efficient manner (Masson-Zwaan and Freeland, 2017). This different laws as well as regulations could support not only the employee’s work but also their welfare as well. It is very much essential for the top management of any organization to make future plans according to these acts. By doing this better and proper support to the employees can be given and chances of dis-satisfaction can be reduced. By following the laws and regulations imposed by the government of a particular country the organization will be able to improve its current and future condition within limited period of time. 

LO3

• Contract Law

A certain and specific contract might be illustrated as significant relationship that is abided by law and legal authority in between two or more certainly defined parties in context of goods or services with exchange of existing consideration, which is highly enforced through law. Therefore, in this regard, it can be said that each and every travel organizations have specific contract binding with customers with the set out detailing of services as well as payments and any monetary transactions (Ryabinkin, 2018). Thus, in below certain standard and essential components in relevancy with the contract of travel and tourism of UK is defined. These are as follows:

• Offer: This is certain statement used for informing that defined offer is ready or prepared in order to be accepted and granted by offeree. Therefore, it can be easily understand that statement of offer is prepared by offeror for the offeree. It should include the existence of two specific parties along with certainly defined condition for accepting or granting the offer that is presented. For example; staying in a hotel, it must be clearly defined in offer statement and offeror and offeree should be presented as offeror should present the offer of staying in a hotel, which needs to be accepted by the offeree and after that, the overall process of offer would be successfully executed. 

• Acceptance: When the offeree is prepared for accepting the offer that has been made, then it is called as acceptance. For example; within a certain holiday contract, acceptance amounts certain value for purchasing the product or availing the service offer following a broader discussion with travel agent. 

• Consideration: The term consideration indicate towards a certain contract, which is required to be valid by having specific consideration amount in order to successfully execute the acceptance process. Without having specific consideration, each and every contract must be any unspecified agreement without abided by law. For example; in a contract for holiday, charges of the holiday by the agent should be mentioned against the offer presented by him, as it would be specified as consideration. 

• • Certainty: The term certainty refers to specific rules as well as terms and condition of the contract, which should be clearly defined and have commonality for both parties otherwise it should not be considered as valid. For example; miscommunication for staying preferences in a hotel between two parties would not provide commonality of terms and conditions by eliminating the certainty of contract of holiday. 

• Capacity: Capacity refers towards certain ability of entering within a contract that has legal validity. More specifically, legislations demonstrate the term capacity as for possessing age majority as well as soundness of mind (Whittaker, 2018). For example; in a contract for holiday, mentioning and clearly defining the requirement that the consumer is minimum 18 years old, is considered as the major capacity. 

On the other hand, “Contracts of Supply of Goods” refers that consumer can anticipate rational “state of goods or services” facilitated with regard to care as well as skills. Thus, when certain contract is formed for certain accommodation, then for example; hotel room needs to be in decent form or condition with compliance with abiding by “standards of health and safety laws”. Therefore, it can be said that a certain contract for holiday would have following conditions:

Figure 1: Conditions for a Holiday Contract 

Moreover, the terms and conditions between two parties should hold the commonality by having following terms;

Figure 2: Elements of Common Terms and Conditions 

Thus, it can be said that “Law of Contract in context of UK Travel and Tourism Sector” has formed the safer travelling opportunities for tourists. 

• Trade Description Act, 1968

Legislations of consumer protection aim at protection of interests and rights of consumers against violations of business organisations as well as manipulation of travel agents (Wong et al. 2019). On the hand, “The Trade Description Act, 1968” restricts misleading or false indication towards goods and services prices along with accommodation and other services related to it. Thus, as a whole, it certainly sets out responsibility or liability of “Trading Standards Officers” for checking the following aspects;

Figure 3: Factors to Be Checked by Trading Standards Officers

Moreover, in this context, it can be said that if within holiday travel if services are not included or given by operator of the tour then consumers has the following rights to incorporate and initiate;

• Policy of packaged tour might be used in helping consumers in having charges against travel agents. 

• If consumers are not contented in accordance with holiday package tour then, they have the right to consider travel law for getting their lawful rights regarding specific matter (Yun, 2019). 

• As per rule 4, no tour operators are eligible to give deceptive information to their consumers. 

• Consumer Protection Act, 1987

“Consumer protection Act, 1987” helps in protecting the rights as well as interests of consumers. The producers are abided by the legal obligation duty and responsibilities towards consumers. 

This act further protects consumers’ rights in following terms;

• Any malpractice 
• Unsafe goods or services
• Developing legal authorities

However, significantly, this law has been replaced by “Unfair Trading Regulations, 2008” (CPR). 

• The Package Travel, Package Holidays and Package Tours Regulations 1992

“Package Travel Regulations, 1992” ensures miscommunication should be rectified at end of service provider on the basis of formulating essential arrangements. More specifically, it explicitly facilities with minimal requirements of contract that needs to be turned into certain well defined and constructed holiday contract. Thus, in order to make it validation, this should involve facilities more than two or above in terms of; transportation, accommodation or any other specific tourist services. (amazonaws.com, 2020)

LO4

Business Ethics, Importance, Responsibility and Employment Ethics in Finance and investment 

Business ethics is focused on specific constitutes that are required for judging right and wrongful behaviour and approaches in the world of business in everyday transactions. Moreover, it can also be seen that both finance and investment is the two main aspect of business that requires higher constitution of ethical obligations. In finance and investment ethics incorporated as legal norms that further encompasses truthfulness, integrity as well as rationality and fairness in each and every transaction related to monetary valuation. It is very much essential for the management of International Air transport authority to make proper plans and strategies for managing its CSR polices. by doing this organization will be able to sustain in the market for longer period of time and best use of available resources will also be done. 

Importance  

Importance of business ethics in finance and investment can be interpreted as higher standards of ethics of business within the scope of finance and investment sector is mostly crucial for maintaining public and stakeholders’ trusts in context of financial markets as well as in profession of investment. Moreover, business ethics in the scope of investment aspect helps in prohibiting public’s interest from the misleading concept of speculation. Thus, it not only provides fairness in terms of monetary business transactions but also enhance the robustness of global capital market as well as engagement of people by ensuring the efficiency of autonomy. 

Responsibility 

Responsibility of business ethics in scope of finance and investment can be seen through its significant and intense role in the business world. Therefore, the major responsibility of business ethics in finance and investment is to maintaining the objectivity and independency along with the autonomy of financial and investing activities (Buckley, 2017). Moreover, by protecting the values of accounting professions as well as incorporation of accounting and financial standards, guidelines, it also plays pivotal role. Apart from that in context of financial services, ethics have major responsibility towards auditors, management advisory and internal control management system.  The organization aims at using its financial resources for forming proper and adequate CSR polices for the future course of action. For example authority aims at using its financial resources for keeping its environment clean. 

Employment Ethics 

Employment ethics refers to certain set of principles for forming rules of conduct by targeting specific group of people working within the sector. Thus, in case of finance and investment activities and services sector, employment ethics would evolves through the internal people related and included in it such as; executives of management department as well as employees at each level of hierarchy. In this context, one thing that required to be mentioned is that employment of auditors play pivotal role as they have equivalent responsibilities towards maintaining ethical norms just like the personnel included in management level. Different innovative plans and strategies are made by the organization for offering equal work opportunities to its employees. 

Advertising Ethics and Green Issues in Business

Advertising Ethics 

Ethics of advertising indicates towards certain well defined principles that regulate ways of communicating that takes place in between the buyer and seller. Moreover, in accordance with this, it can be said that ethics is significant in advertising sector as through the act of ethics within advertising process, business organisations are becoming responsible for needs of consumers. Moreover, it also helps in protecting the morality and rights of customers. (mallenbaker.net, 2020). Ethical and proper advertising strategies are implemented by the organization for attaining the goals and objectives in proper manner. 

 Green Issues

The term green issues refer to environmental issues or problems such as; global warming, air pollution, acid rain, waste disposal, water pollution and climate change (Hall, 2019). Each of the issues has intense negative impact on animal as well as human and entire nation of the planet Earth. However, in present days, the rapid enhancement of modernisation and globalisation in business world has resulted in the increasing level of these issues by resulting in drastic change in environmental growth turning it into having green issues, where the level of greenery on the planet Earth is rapidly decreasing with the increase industrialisation. The organization aims at reducing the chances of environmental issues for the future course of action. This is mainly done by using latest technology that causes less pollution in the environment. 

Ethical Consumerism, Environmental and Social Auditing, Code of Practice and Corporate Social Responsibility 

Ethical Consumerism 

Ethical consumerism refers to specific terms that define certain form related to activism of politics on the basis of premises, which buyers within the market consumes goods along with the process of producing them implicitly (Bendell and Font, 2016). Thus, from the viewpoint of ethical consumerism, consumptions highly indicate towards specific political approach or act, which has the ability of sanctioning values personified within manufacture of product. 

 Environmental and Social Auditing

Environmental audit means a certain type of audit that specifically evaluates to intend for identifying compliance with environmental aspects as well as gaps in implementation of management system. On the other hand, social audit refers to certain way of measuring as well as reporting and ultimate improvement of business organisation’s social as well as ethical performance. 

Code of Practice 

Code of practice is certain rules that are set as written that defines the way people needs to behave in their particular working profession. Thus, development of code of practice includes ethical norms and principles by considering workplace behaviour as well as fairness, rationality and integrity. In a nutshell, developing code of practice helps in building unprejudiced working environment. 

Corporate Social Responsibility 

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of the most popular term that is commonly used as type self regulation within the scope of global private business sector. It commonly aims at contributing towards social targets and goals with integration of ethical practices within the organisation. More specifically, CSR practices help the business organisations and involving management to be accountable towards the overall society along with itself as well as stakeholders and public. (mallenbaker.net, 2020)

Conclusion

Moreover, it can also be found that each and every travel contract holds specific terms and conditions attached along with it that is in terms of destination place, timings of departure and arrival as well as staying cost and duration of travelling along with the details of accommodation if required. However, on the other hand, it can be said that on the failure of communicating the defined terms and conditions, consumers have the right to withdrawing from the contract at any time and any cost.

Reference list

Books

Zheng, Y., Lai, K.K. and Wang, S., 2018. Forecasting Air Travel Demand: Looking at China. UK: Routledge.

Journals

Bendell, J. and Font, X., 2016. Which tourism rules?: Green standards and GATS. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(1), pp.139-156.

Bitner, M.J. and Booms, B.H., 2018. Trends in travel and tourism marketing: The changing structure of distribution channels. Journal of travel research, 20(4), pp.39-44.

Buckley, R., 2017. A framework for ecotourism. Annals of tourism research, 21(3), pp.661-665.

Cîrstea, Ş.D., 2018. Travel &Tourism Competitiveness: A Study of World’s Top Economic Competitive Countries. Procedia Economics and Finance, 15, pp.1273-1280.

Hall, C.M., 2019. Tourism in Antarctica: activities, impacts, and management. Journal of travel Research, 30(4), pp.2-9.

Hasan, A.A. and Abdullah, N.C., 2018. Tourism Industry Compensation Fund (TICF) in Malaysia: Some Legal and Policy Considerations. 2014). Theory and Practice in Hospitality and Tourism Research, CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group), pp.217-223.

Heung, V.C., Kucukusta, D. and Song, H., 2019. Medical tourism development in Hong Kong: An assessment of the barriers. Tourism Management, 32(5), pp.995-1005.

Hojeghan, S.B. and Esfangareh, A.N., 2018. Digital economy and tourism impacts, influences and challenges. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 19, pp.308-316.

Jackson, L.A. and Barber, D.S., 2015. Ethical and sustainable healthcare tourism development: A primer. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 15(1), pp.19-26.

Masson-Zwaan, T. and Freeland, S., 2017. Between heaven and earth: The legal challenges of human space travel. Acta Astronautica, 66(11-12), pp.1597-1607.

Ryabinkin, C.T., 2018. Let there be flight: it’s time to reform the regulation of commercial space travel. J. Air L. & Com., 69, p.101.

Whittaker, A., 2018. Challenges of medical travel to global regulation: A case study of reproductive travel in Asia. Global Social Policy, 10(3), pp.396-415.

Wong, E.P., Mistilis, N. and Dwyer, L., 2019. Understanding ASEAN tourism collaboration—the preconditions and policy framework formulation. International Journal of Tourism Research, 12(3), pp.291-302.

Yun, Z., 2019. A legal regime for space tourism: Creating legal certainty in outer space. J. Air L. & Com., 74, p.959.

Online articles

amazonaws.com, (2020), rules and regulations, Available at: https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/978715/Coles___Hall_TF_Template_Word_Mac_2008_TEC_copy.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DRights_and_Regulation_of_Travel_and_Tour.pdf&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A%2F20200104%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20200104T115631Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=ab488b92841b48d385500e37c913dcf9798366e7927bcd91c78f203efc93f144 [Accessed on 23.12.2019]

Websites

mallenbaker.net, (2020), CSR, Available at: http://mallenbaker.net/article/clear-reflection/definitions-of-corporate-social-responsibility-what-is-csr [Accessed on 23.12.2019]

Introduction 

The report is based on Expedia which is providing a revolutionary way to their consumers to book travel tickets. This is one of the leading travel platforms with an extensive brand portfolio. The main purpose of this assignment is to identify the concept of quality management. Also, this will describe the problem which is being faced by Expedia.co.uk. Along with this, the project assists in identifying the impact of techniques that are used by Expedia in improving the quality of services that has been delivering top their customers. The recommendation should be provided for better improvement and how to manage the quality in a proper manner by the company.   

Identify and describe the concept of quality management 

Quality management is the work that helps in managing the business activities and various other tasks that are required to maintain and manage a desired level of excellence. This includes determination and evaluation of quality policy and procedures to develop and execute quality planning and assurance and also help in control and maintain the quality of services that assist the company in attracting a large number of customers (Pereira-Moliner, et. al., 2016). There are various booking websites which include Expedia.co.uk, Trivago, Booking.com, Hotels.com, Ebookers, and Agoda that are used various unauthorized strategies to attract customers which creates an issue for their goodwill. The report is based on Expedia and they need to maintain the quality of its services in order to provide good quality facilities to the users who are book tickets to travel. Along with this, quality management concern with organization products and services which is consistent. 

Quality management is mainly focused on not only provide great goods and services but also this will help them in achieving desired goals and objectives in a proper manner. With the assistance of this concept, Expedia can understand the requirement of improving the quality which is offered by customers. For this, they need to develop an only genuine strategy that is fulfilled by them and does not hurt the customers in any manner. If they do not maintain the quality of services so their review will be poor and the customer base is reduced as compared with their competitors (Nair and Choudhary, 2016). Expedia and other related competitors are using tactics such as they are offering fake discounts and limited availability banners to pressure clients to book hotel tickets in a quicker way. As per the results, these websites have been ordered to comply with the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) by September 1. 

There are four main elements of quality management such as quality assurance, quality control, quality planning and improvement of quality facilities which need to be done by expedia.co.uk. Quality management consists of four main elements which are as under:

Quality Planning – It is that procedure that assists in identifying the quality standards accuracy to the quality services and decides how to reach with the desired standard. 

Quality control – In this, the continuing effort needs to upload the process of integrity and reliability in order to reach an accurate outcome. 

Quality improvement – It is that process in which the purposeful changes in improving the confidence and reliability of the results. 

Quality Assurance – The planned and systematic activities are required to provide accurate consistency which involves specific services and goods that will meet with the correct requirements and needs of customers. 

Besides this, the main motive of quality management is to ensure that organization stakeholders are work together to make correct improvements in company procedures and activities in a proper manner (Molina-Azorín, et. al., 2015). It includes organization procedures, goods, services, facilities and culture that are achieving the long term success which stems from customer satisfaction effectively. Expedia needs to adopt a quality management concept which can help them in maintain and make improvements in their services which are provided to the client’s related top discounts offered and availability of hotel booking. This will assist in developing a reliable strategy that gains the attention of customers and does not waste their money on any fake action. For this, Expedia gains high goodwill and reputation among customers as well as in the market place. 

In addition, the process of quality management involves various collections of guidelines and instructions that are formulated by a team to make sure that goods and services are provided with correct standards. This procedure begins when Expedia sets its quality targets to reach and that is agreed on the customers who are using their sites for booking hotel tickets. Expedia.co.uk is one of the world’s leading travels booking platform which provides various types of offer which maintain their customers’ base and generate higher profitability (Nair and Choudhary, 2016). The company needs to target their desired customers who are always booking tickets from their sites. After that need to take appropriate action to measure the quality which is offered to clients. They are work for providing the best services to their customers so that they can maintain and manage their goodwill in the large market area. Also, this is required for them is to identify and analyze the major issue which is faced by them while delivering services to the users in a better manner. 

Outline the problems being currently experienced by Expedia.co.uk. 

The concept of service from customer perspectives is regarded as the customer’s experience with the facilities provided. A small division within Microsoft launched an online travel booking site named is Expedia.co.uk. They are giving consumers a revolutionary new way to research and book their demanding tickets of hotels in an easy manner. Expedia is one of the leading online travel companies which is also known as Expedia group (Mardani, et. al., 2016). Currently, it is the world’s leading platform with an extensive brand portfolio and it is serving both leisure and business travelers with tastes and budgets ranging from reserved to lavishness. Due to huge competitions, there are various websites that have been accused of using tactics in which they are offering fake discounts and limited availability of hotel rooms which pressures the customers to book a ticket in a fast manner. Such sites include expedia.co.uk, Trivago, Hotels.com, Agoda, Ebookers, and Booking.com. Along with this, high-quality service performance develops and measure benefits in profit, cost-saving and increase market share. As per the outcome, the company has placed service quality at the top priority and develops an appropriate strategy to deal with customers and satisfy them. In the case of Expedia.co.uk, the quality is being judged in terms of fake services and facilities that are offered by them. Such problems are faced by Expedia that are described as under:

Insufficient service quality – The inappropriate quality is provided by the company to the users of the online platform. In the context of quality improvement of services which is provided websites of Expedia. The major problem which is faced by Expedia is insufficient to service quality due to huge competitors so that this will mainly impact on its income and profitability level. There are various competition companies and sites which are also offered online ticket booking of travels such as Trivago, Agoda, Hotels.com, and Booking.com that directly impact on company growth (Moutinho and Vargas-Sanchez, 2018). The UK regulatory investigation of 15 months led towards an agreement to clamp down on pressure selling and potentially misleading the offers which are provided by sites of travel booking. So that they are accused by using tactics that include fake discounts and limited availability banners to pressure customers to book tickets in a faster manner. 

Reduction in rating – It is important for every online platform company is to get appropriate and best reviews from its users so this will enhance their business in a faster manner. Along with this, it is also required for them is to focus on developing a strong customer base on online sites which gives them a good review so that their business will increase in the market place. In the case of Expedia, it can be seen that they are getting bad reviews due to the use of poor tactics to gain the attention of their customers. But they do not that the UK has consumer watchdog which continuously focuses on their activities that will reduce the trust among consumers towards Expedia Company (Zornoza, et. al., 2015). As a result, they are getting poor reviews on Trust pilot with context to their provisions of quality services. They also get the worst rating of 1.2 out of 10 reviewed by 2454 customers from online. 

There are various ways which are helpful for reviewing the Expedia.co.uk can meet with Dimensions of service quality in a proper manner or not that are described as under:

Reliability –Expedia is a reliable booking website as it is a partner with a reputed travel accommodation company and also provides various options so that they can easily identify the room that is suitable for customers. But in this case, they are seen as the customers cannot trust on this site because they do not trust pilot in any manner. 

Responsiveness – in this scenario, Expedia is responsive towards its customers and they are able to offer them accurate quality services which reduce the trust among users regarding the company (Molina-Azorín, et. al., 2015).

Assurance – As per the situation, it is observed that Expedia is not providing assurance to their users but they are offering fake discounting offers which reduce trustworthiness among them. 

Empathy – Expedia is world’s leading site which book travel tickets but as per the case, it is seen that they do not understand their customer’s feelings and demand so this can lead towards face major issue. 

Tangibles – in the case of Expedia, it is analyzed that they do not offer tangible services that are free from all fake and transparency in their services. 

Impact of techniques could have on Expedia.co.uk in terms of delivering consistent and effective quality management 

The continuous improvement, so inherent to Benchmarking is providing great benefit to Expedia. Benchmarking technique is the process that helps in measuring and evaluating the performance of an organization’s goods, services and procedures against another business which has to be considered as best in the industry (Khudia, et. al., 2015). The benchmarking is that technology that can be used by Expedia in order to measure the company quality services that are offered by them. Along with this, benchmarking provides required insights that assist in understand and evaluate the company with the same type of business. Benchmarking helps Expedia in order to identify such areas to make improvements in quality services. This technique is directly impacted in terms of delivering consistent and gain effective quality management. 

Advantages of Benchmarking:

There are various advantages of benchmarking which help in improving the productivity of an organization (Weckenmann, et. al., 2015). Moreover, such advantages can provide a clear image and picture of the major key factors of benchmarking in the Expedia. 

Implements creative ideas – It is that technology that helps the company in finding out the major key factors that an organization. Along with this, Expedia needs to develop creative and innovative ideas that assist them in gaining positive reviews and also analyze the customer’s response to their services. 

Increased competition – It can be analyzed that while doing business, Expedia faces various issues such as huge competitors so that they can perform their great work (Ross, 2017). The competition assists them in maintain and take a position in gaining higher success or growth levels. With the assistance of the benchmarking technique, it will increase healthy competition among different competitors. 

Quality of work – It can be seen that Expedia can use this technique so they can easily maintain and manage the quality services. This will help them in enhancing the customer base and getting positive reviews and also enhance the rating as well (Zeng, et. al., 2015). Also, it will aid in effectively maintain consistent quality management in a proper manner and gain higher success or growth. 

Disadvantages of Benchmarking: 

There are some disadvantages are also occurs with the use of benchmarking technique and tools to make improvement and betterment in delivering quality services (Kotler, et. al., 2017). 

Stabilized standards – It can be analyzed that most of the organizations are compare their working environment with another company that is gaining quite well in the same sector. Expedia is able to stabilize the standards which create a negative impact on their business operations and delivering in quality based services to the users in terms of discounts offered and availability of hotel rooms. 

Lack of customer satisfaction – At the time of processing benchmarking, the company finds out such results which can be necessary to make improvements for growth and success. Sometimes, Expedia cannot able to analyze their customers’ needs so this will create a negative impact on their business functions and profitability ratio as well as goodwill (Peters, Kallmuenzer and Buhalis, 2019). Due to huge competition, they are using accused tactics in which they are offering fake discounts so this will reduces customer loyalty and trust factors towards Expedia.co.uk. 

Increased dependency – Most of the company think that with the use of Benchmarking technique assist them in improving their company position as its support in gaining success and top placed. But they need to know that if a firm needs to gain growth so they should work hard not depends on any method or tool. In the case of Expedia, they need to develop their own idea rather than the use of another site concept which help them to deal with such a situation.

Recommendations 

Some of the recommendation for Expedia in order to make improvement in quality services that is described as follows:

• • They need to provide only genuine offers and discounts to their customers.
  • They required developing appropriate relevant strategies that help the company in maintaining quality services. 
  • Expedia can analyze whole competitors’ tactics and develop unique tactics that are legal and offered to their customers. 
  • They can necessary actions which assist in increasing their goodwill and reputation all over the world. 

• They can add some more features in the websites where they offer good services so this will enhance review rates in a proper manner.

Conclusion 

On the basis of the above-described report, it can be concluded that Expedia is one of the leading online booking company which provides hotels to the customers. Quality management is the act which helps in measuring and evaluating the company offered services to the users. There are problems and issues which are faced by Expedia.co.uk in the current time period due to huge competition. For this, they are using various techniques and methods which can help to make improvements in their quality services in a better way. Along with this, all the techniques have advantages and disadvantages on the basis of this they make their decisions.

References

• Peters, M., Kallmuenzer, A. and Buhalis, D., 2019. Hospitality entrepreneurs managing quality of life and business growth. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(16), pp.2014-2033.
• Kotler, P., Bowen, J.T., Makens, J. and Baloglu, S., 2017. Marketing for hospitality and tourism.
• Ross, J.E., 2017. Total quality management: Text, cases, and readings. Routledge.
• Weckenmann, A., Akkasoglu, G. and Werner, T., 2015. Quality management–history and trends. The TQM Journal, 27(3), pp.281-293.
• Zeng, J., Phan, C.A. and Matsui, Y., 2015. The impact of hard and soft quality management on quality and innovation performance: An empirical study. International journal of production economics, 162, pp.216-226.
• Khudia, D.S., Zamirai, B., Samadi, M. and Mahlke, S., 2015, June. Rumba: An online quality management system for approximate computing. In 2015 ACM/IEEE 42nd Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA) (pp. 554-566). IEEE.
• Molina-Azorín, J.F., Tarí, J.J., Pereira-Moliner, J., Lopez-Gamero, M.D. and Pertusa-Ortega, E.M., 2015. The effects of quality and environmental management on competitive advantage: A mixed methods study in the hotel industry. Tourism Management, 50, pp.41-54.
• Zornoza, R., Acosta, J.A., Bastida, F., Domínguez, S.G., Toledo, D.M. and Faz, A., 2015. Identification of sensitive indicators to assess the interrelationship between soil quality, management practices and human health. Soil, 1(1), pp.173-185.
• Moutinho, L. and Vargas-Sanchez, A. eds., 2018. Strategic Management in Tourism, CABI Tourism Texts. Cabi.
• Mardani, A., Jusoh, A., Zavadskas, E.K., Zakuan, N., Valipour, A. and Kazemilari, M., 2016. Proposing a new hierarchical framework for the evaluation of quality management practices: a new combined fuzzy hybrid MCDM approach. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 17(1), pp.1-16.
• Nair, G.K. and Choudhary, N., 2016. Influence of critical success factors of total quality management on financial and non-financial performance of hospitality industry: an empirical study. International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, 17(4), pp.409-436.
• Molina-Azorín, J.F., Tarí, J.J., Pereira-Moliner, J., Lopez-Gamero, M.D. and Pertusa-Ortega, E.M., 2015. The effects of quality and environmental management on competitive advantage: A mixed methods study in the hotel industry. Tourism Management, 50, pp.41-54.
• Pereira-Moliner, J., Pertusa-Ortega, E.M., Tarí, J.J., López-Gamero, M.D. and Molina-Azorin, J.F., 2016. Organizational design, quality management and competitive advantage in hotels. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(4), pp.762-784.

Introduction

Marketing is one of the most important functions that help to grow any organisation. The growth of the organisation, according to the market capabilities and their future based assumption, has been perfectly analysed. Explanation of the key roles and responsibilities and their perfect analysis has been taken into consideration for the organisation performance in the market. It helps to give the clarity under which most of the main fundamentals are cleared in the proper perception. The marketing mix and this particular approach of an application according to the market need have been explained according to the market, which is the main aspect of growth and sustainability of the organisation.

LO1

P1 Explain the key roles and responsibilities of the marketing function within a selected travel and tourism organisation 

Marketing has been essentially one of the main parts of an organisation that helps the organisation to grow in a proper way. The process of managing the expansion of hotels in different McKenzie and their establishment among people in terms of the service providers are based on the process of managing the marketing functions in the organisation. 

Various roles as well as responsibilities can be utilized in order to make the organisation successful and popular. The main responsibility of organisation is based on making the product planning, sales and promotion based activities. It involves in much of the curve context of company capabilities which will give a clarity of company establishment in different countries based people (McCamley and Gilmore, 2018). 

The process of utilizing the current resource and there to the point analysis has been perfectly maintained in which most of the high-quality management skills are controlled (Kozlenkova et al. 2018). The rate most active v Adnan involved a person in the company as they need to maintain the dynamicity of data in which the high quality of company analysis is being redirected. The process of utilizing current resources and the maintenance of high possibilities are required through which high-quality analysis is comprehended under the company. 

The financial department, sales department and HR department are completely dependent upon the amount of marketing and sales estimation. In the process, most company’s basis involved in the segment of analysis has been perfectly maintained (Liu et al. 2015). The observation in which the numbers of products, as well as the quality of products, are being listed in the company amendments is noticed by the company marketing executives. Bulk or single basic purchases of products in terms of selling it to the customers are based on having proper assumption of the marketing executives (Lam and Harker, 2015). 

The essential part of marketing manager work is analysed below (see Appendix 1) 

P2 Discuss how roles and responsibilities of marketing relate to the wider organisational context 

In terms of the wider context, the market director plays an important role which could be particularly helpful got her company analysis. The company’s internal product strength and weakness are very briefly analyzed by the marketing director. The process of maintaining intensive education in the product based analysis of market development has been maintained in a particular way. 

The product of the company as well as the service of company is based on having the right amount of analysis and right amount of data gathering. The roles and responsibilities in which the organisation are making more effective of the same or developed products which are being sold at the customer base (Mittelstaedt et al. 2017). The logistics and manufacturing department is fully based on the particular analysis of the company. 

M1 Analyze the roles and responsibilities of marketing in the context of the marketing environment 

There are basically five types of concept which are taken into consideration for the marketing enhancement. The types of concepts are production concept, product concept, selling concept, marketing concept, societal marketing concept.

In terms of the production concept, it has been intercepted that making most of the high-quality approaches in the manufacturing and designing of the product is based on this concept. It has been designed for ensuring the consumers are attracted towards productivity and thus making it convinced to the particular industry (Bešić and Bešić, 2018). The operational capacity helps in getting the prince and the number of products in a particular direction. 

The third is the selling concept which is based on the selling of products as well as their

Services in the estimated market. The growth of the market is based on how fast and how attractively the products are being engaged in a particular market (Kotler et al. 2018). 

The fourth step is based on having the product or service marketed in the right way. The process of maintaining marketing is based on enhancing the target consumers and their particular aspect to approach within the limit. According to the presentation, most of the product service is being sold. In order to get high growth and enhancement, the most significant ways are being represented through the advertising and marketing concept that is suitable for the company. 

The concept of social ions is abed on the acceptability of the localization under which most of the things are cooperated by the help of proper enhancement of the project-based management (Jarach, 2018). 

M2 Analyze the significance of interrelationships between marketing and other functional units within a selected travel and tourism organisation 

In terms of the external and internal environment, there are some of the very important aspects which are needed to be controlled by the organisation. It will help in engaging more customers and make the company sustainable in terms of the high approaching abilities. The process of main growth in each and every segment of life, there are most of the things that are required to make according to the company analysis. 

The functional units of the marketing are based on having the right amount of money invested in the park earl area or zone of the company. It will be helpful through the feedback or the surveys that are being encompassed through the better approaches (Al-Zyoud, 2018). 

D1 Critically analyses the key elements of the marketing function and how they interrelate with other functional units within a selected travel and tourism organisation

The comprehensive attachment in particular aspect is based on engaging the high quality of assessment at the time of marketing and its level of approach to be considered. There are several speeches that are maintained at the time of making the particular strategy of marketing. The marketing strategies are not limited to but comprehensively managed under the guidance of proper concerned person,

LO2

P3 Compare the ways in which different travel and tourism organisations apply the marketing mix to the marketing planning process to achieve business objectives 

In terms of maintaining high quality based growth in the market through different ways of measuring the market, the mix is blended into the following categories.

Market strategies

The market strategies which are based on enhancing the strategic concept to grow and evaluate the market, it is needed to make sure that target audience based populations are being engaged with the product marketing and selling. The initial marketing strategies and their involvement through market growth is needed to be established through the help of proper management. (Groening et al. 2018). 

Marketing information system

Marketing information system gives immense information about the process, and their importance is needed at the item of development of the marketing plan. The process of managing a high quality of assessment in the partial management is based on the quality as well as the quality to be revised under the particular time and scope convenience (Flores and Howard, 2019). 

Monitoring of marketing environment:

The monitoring of the market environment is another thing that is included in the partial aspect, which could help in improving the products.  The marketing environment is solely based on most of the things engaged through the direct and current aspect of the e-marketing strategies (Verhoef et al. 2017). 

Marketing research:

Marketing research is based on having most of the particular aspect like product price, availability and quality, which will help in setting the market capability to advertise and market. The research will also help in getting the high quality of assessment and its particular confirmation for the better management through which the acquisition is needed to be maintained (KC, 2016). 

Market segmentation

In the modern era of globalization, it has been seen that masking growth in the market

 Is based on applying the correct tactics to the correct perception. In order to make the process of a company much higher, the organisation based market segmentation is needed to be enhanced according to the distribution of consumers and their need at the particular segment. Brand Equity

The brand equity is another aspect that helps in getting the particular brand products to be sold in the particular way. The equity of the brand is not only based on not only the products but also the services which could be effective in attracting the products within a particular span (Vel et al. 2015). 

M3 Evaluate different tactics applied by travel and tourism organisations to demonstrate how business objectives are achieved 

The first aspect which is taken under consideration is the process of maintaining the target based population. Under the target, there should be a particular group who is completely involved and interested in getting the offers and services according to the need. There are several speeches that are maintained at the time of making the particular strategy of marketing. The marketing strategies are not limited to but comprehensively managed under the guidance of proper concerned person,

Research:

It is the main prospect of making growth in the organisation. The organisation is helpful by the proper feedback, and other retrieve sections that are being engaged to the proper conception. The research market-related products and their scalability are based on having most of the things taken into consideration for the management (De Mooij, 2018). It will help in estimating the financial and nonfinancial recourse to be collected through proper time and scope. According to the research of current aspect. 

Strategy

In order to make the strategy the data which has been collected from the research through which will help in building the data. The process of maintaining correct data is needed to be in the proper form.  This strategy will help in implementing perfect growth and management through proper aspect. 

Planning

Planning involves the successful implementation of product creation and affordability of the product. In terms of getting the priest solution the perfect Tim and market, it is very important to gather the data under which planning would be done with ease (Wang and Kim, 2017).

Tactics

In terms of the tactics, it has been estimated according to the need of the management. The high quality of tactics is limited to the promotional significance of the company.  According to the concept of management, there is some of the best possible suggestion for the development of the tactics through which the particular improvement of study will be easily available (Chamidah and Imawan, 2017). 

D2 Design a strategic marketing plan that tactically applies the use of the 7Ps and includes measures for monitoring and evaluation to achieve overall marketing objectives

Product

The products which the organisation is selling are based on the quality and its demand. The real huge demands in most of the countries regarding staying in hotels and their Patiala affordability sometimes are not within the limit. The internal, as well as external reputation, is based on having most of the products to be well maintained. 

Price

Price of the product or service is another aspect that is needed to be checked at the time of launching. The prices if affordable, attracts most of the customers if maintained within the limit. The country-based Machar’s make the concern to make the price vary (Askoul et al. 2016).

Place 

The place is another factor that helps the business to grow. In terms of choosing a proper place, it is very important that most of the population are based on the target audience. The average availability of their response will make the product to be easily made and according to the affordability will be less. 

Promotion

The company has its value in staying comforts as well as their internal services to its guests. It will be very helpful in terms of advertising the product. The sales and promotion are based on B2B and B2C based business that are particularly enhanced through keeping in mind of aspects. 

People

In the people seamen, there are many types of groups such as the internal and external. In terms of the internal group, there are employees and the management group who holds at the majority part of the company. 

Physical evidence

The company has it’s exited in not only the UK but in different countries which the demand is still increasing. The USA, Canada and other countries are engaged with the services of this peripheral organisation. There are some of the services which are being predisposed to the local resident’s basis, which could help in the enhancement of company reputation. The company has grown to be popular not only in a particular way but in several ways by the service and product provision.  

Process

The process is based on how the business is growing in different aspects. The process of maintaining the growth through the introspective way in individual a non-individual progressive way is based on the experience of the employees. 

LO3

P4 Produce a basic marketing plan for a travel and tourism organisation to meet marketing objectives organisation 

The plan is based on mainly there’s aspect under which the proper operation would be perfectly maintained. 

Planning:

The latest plan will be doing the considered keeping in mind the latest technology that will take less time to complete. The planning will be done sins such a way that there is most of the things which are being covered utilizing the least amount of resources and getting the maximum amount of results.  

Resource collection:

After successful planning, most of the resources are needed to be collected, which would give the customers a high quality of products or services.

Execution:

After gathering the resources,  the primary thing which is needed to be done is that he will be checked at the base level to get the very minute difficulties. After finding the method and plan, evaluation will be done. In order to m iceman the final approach gods executing the process, the final check of these has been done by the expert guidance. They are easily available to get things done in a much easier way, and it will take less time. 

Bug fixing:

After the final execution of the project, it has been checked that there be any types of bugs which might be internal or external. No matter whatever the bug is, it is fixed as soon as possible by the experts so that there is no other problem which is taking the concern of authorities.  The bug fixing will help in engaging most of the process to be highly effective in the process. 

M4 Marketing plan which uses marketing mix for meeting the objectives of Leopold Hotel 

Marketing Plan
Company mission and Vision	The mission of the company is to provide the best, high quality of service to the people. Leopold’s vision is to become the leading hotel in the travel industry.
Situation Analysis SWOT Analysis  STP PLC	Strengths– Leopold has gathered maximum customer attention in the market. Also, the financial stability of the business is remarkable. Other than this, the staff of the company is highly trained and professional. Weakness– Leopold has some issues and bugs in the registration of the rooms when booked online. Other than this, there is a need for improvement in the technology implemented for the business operations.  Opportunities– Website can be improved in order to increase the customer base. Other than this, the new trends and styles should be followed which are there in the society.  Threats– The competitors are growing and increasing the facilities which might hamper the business operations.    STP Leopold has opened its doors for each and every traveller from around the globe. The rooms are available for families, youth, solo traveller and senior citizens as well.   External analysis of Leopold Political- The company follows the political changes in the society for the management of the business operations.  Economic- The trade policies and changes are also implemented in the business environment. Social– All the facilities and services are provided according to the needs and demands of the customer.  Technological– Leopold has to implement new technologies to achieve competitive advantage.  Environmental– All the environment related policies are implemented in the hotel.  Legal– All the information is being provided to the customers. Other than this, all the legal procedures are being followed to the customers.
Planning	The main goal of the company is to provide the best and high quality of services to the people in order to gain maximum customer satisfaction.
Implementation	Marketing Mix strategies- Product  Product is mainly the services that are offered to the customers for satisfying their needs. The organisation can extend its services, though Leopold hotel provides facilities of room booking, fitness suite, and loyalty club services.  Price  Leopold hotel can follow a pricing strategy based on the factors of penetration, skimming, competition, product line, and psychological (Kushwaha and Agrawal, 2015). Promotion Leopold hotel can extend its market promotion through customers, hotel directories, travel assistants, social services, media, internet and FMCG products.   Place  If the organisation is planning to extend its business then he must choose a strategic location, nearest to business hubs, tourist place or can be any heritage area.  Physical evidence The physical evidence that can be modified in Leopold hotel are the hotel lobby, telecommunication system (Masa’deh et al. 2018). People  The positive behavior of the staff is needed for delivering better service. Leopold Hotel can also increase their number of staff heads to provide faster service.  Process  The organisation can implement automated service delivery systems.
Monitoring	The senior authorities and the managers of the company will monitor the business activities and will also give feedback and suggestion for improvement.

Conclusion

The process of managing the business and its various aspects are considered, which will give a brief and point basis of knowledge. It will be effective after the Supervision of the other organisation marketing tactics and techniques. The different types of approaches and their proper aspect has been perfectly described, which will give an insight into marketing. The marketing mix, such as 7P and their utilization has been perfectly maintained through which the transparency of market growth is being considered. The factors of market growth and the possible ways to enhance the organisation market-based business proposition have been explained. It will give a clear insight in terms of having a future sustainable business in a particular industry. 

Reference list

• Al-Zyoud, M.F., 2018. Social media marketing, functional branding strategy and intentional branding. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 16(3), pp.102-116.
• Askoul, R., Khan, H.U. and Lalitha, V.M., 2016. Cross-functional integration of marketing and information services in banking: a cross-industry comparison. International Journal of Process Management and Benchmarking, 6(1), pp.57-78.
• Bešić, S. and Bešić, C., 2018. Creating the model for the implementation of marketing attributes which determine domestic enterprises competitiveness. Journal of Engineering Management and Competitiveness (JEMC), 8(2), pp.102-112.
• Chamidah, N. and Imawan, K., 2017, December. The Concept of Developing Local Wisdom-based Tourism Villages in Cirebon Regency, West Java, Indonesia: Integrated Marketing Communication Perspective. In 2nd International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 2017). Atlantis Press.
• Chong, A.Y.L., Ch’ng, E., Liu, M.J. and Li, B., 2017. Predicting consumer product demands via Big Data: the roles of online promotional marketing and online reviews. International Journal of Production Research, 55(17), pp.5142-5156.
• De Mooij, M., 2018. Global marketing and advertising: Understanding cultural paradoxes. SAGE Publications Limited.
• Flores, J. and Howard, C.A., 2019. Exploring Assessments of Experiential Learning Contexts In Business Courses with a Marketing Emphasis. Learning in Higher Education, p.31.
• Groening, C., Sarkis, J. and Zhu, Q., 2018. Green marketing consumer-level theory review: A compendium of applied theories and further research directions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, pp.1848-1866.
• Jarach, D., 2017. Airport marketing: Strategies to cope with the new millennium environment. Routledge.
• KC, L., 2016. Role of E-Marketing in Rural Tourism: A Case Study of Travel Agency of Kathmandu District (Doctoral dissertation, Department of Rural Development Tribhuvan University).
• Kerzner, H., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
• Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L. and Armstrong, G., 2015. Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU.
• Kozlenkova, I.V., Hult, G.T.M., Lund, D.J., Mena, J.A. and Kekec, P., 2015. The role of marketing channels in supply chain management. Journal of Retailing, 91(4), pp.586-609.
• Kushwaha, G.S. and Agrawal, S.R., 2015. An Indian customer surrounding 7P׳ s of service marketing. Journal of Retailing and consumer services, 22, pp.85-95.
• Lam, W. and Harker, M.J., 2015. Marketing and entrepreneurship: An integrated view from the entrepreneur’s perspective. International Small Business Journal, 33(3), pp.321-348.
• Lapian, S.L.H.V.J. and Tumbel, A., 2019. Analysis of Green Marketing Mix Factors On Hotel Industry (Study on Sintesa Peninsula Hotel Manado; Discovery Kartika Plaza Denpasar; Hyatt Regency Yogyakarta; Grand Melia Jakarta). International Review of Management and Marketing, 8(6), pp.112-121.
• Liu, G., Eng, T.Y. and Takeda, S., 2015. An investigation of marketing capabilities and social enterprise performance in the UK and Japan. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(2), pp.267-298.
• Lovelock, C. and Patterson, P., 2015. Services marketing. Pearson Australia.
• Masa’deh, R.E., Alananzeh, O., Tarhini, A. and Algudah, O., 2018. The effect of promotional mix on hotel performance during the political crisis in the Middle East. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 9(1), pp.33-49.
• McCamley, C. and Gilmore, A., 2018. Strategic marketing planning for heritage tourism: a conceptual model and empirical findings from two emerging heritage regions. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 26(2), pp.156-173.
• Mittelstaedt, J.D., Kilbourne, W.E. and Shultz II, C.J., 2015. Macromarketing approaches to thought development in positive marketing: Two perspectives on a research agenda for positive marketing scholars. Journal of Business Research, 68(12), pp.2513-2516.
• NAUMOVSKA, L. and BLAZESKA, D., 2016. Integrated Marketing Communication Model for Political Science. In Political Science Forum Politologické Fórum (p. 107).
• Rahman, M., Islam, M., Al Amin, M., Sultana, R. and Talukder, M., 2019. Effective Factors of Service Marketing Mix on Tourist Satisfaction: A C
• Vel, K.P., Brobbey, C.A., Salih, A. and Jaheer, H., 2015. Data, technology & social media: Their invasive role in contemporary marketing. Vel, K., Brobbey, C., Salih, A., & Jaheer, H.(2015). Data, Technology & Social Media: Their Invasive Role in Contemporary Marketing. Revista Brasileira De Marketing E-ISSN, pp.2177-5184.
• Verhoef, P.C., Kooge, E. and Walk, N., 2016. Creating value with big data analytics: Making smarter marketing decisions. Routledge.
• Vlad, L.B., Vasile, D.C., Macovei, O.I. and Ţuclea, C.E., 2016. Determinant factors of green marketing adoption in the hospitality sector. Amfiteatru Economic Journal, 18(Special Issue No. 10), pp.862-874.
• Wang, Z. and Kim, H.G., 2017. Can social media marketing improve customer relationship capabilities and firm performance? Dynamic capability perspective. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 39, pp.15-26.
• Zlatanov, S. and Gašić, M., 2019, June. SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING OF NTO SERBIA AS THE GENERATOR OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT. In TISC-Tourism International Scientific Conference Vrnjačka Banja (Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 518-535).

Introduction

Sustainability refers to process in which present needs are fulfilled without affecting the compromising ability of future generations. Sustainability plays an essential role in tourism sector. The role of Sustainable development is increasing in the tourism industry. The tourism industry is one of the fastest-growing industries in the UK. Tourism development refers to sustainable expansion in tourism sector. Sustainable tourism is an industry that is committed to developing a lower effect on the environment and local culture at the time of generates future employment for local individuals. The positive sustainable tourism makes sure about the development which is providing a positive experience to the local area citizens. Tourism development is necessary for earning competitive advantages for nations in terms of gaining economic growth, global positioning, and improvement in the country’s employment services. The assignment is based on Top deck a tour operator company which provide trips for people whose age is around 18 to 39 in all over the country. The main purpose of the report is to analyze different methods to planning and expansion of sustainability about London. This will help in identifying the issues and hurdles in planning for sustainable role in tourism with a concentrate on gaining advantages for local society, economy, and environment largely. 

Task 1

1.1 How stakeholders can benefit from planning 

Benefits of Planning in Tourism industry to Stakeholders

UK is considered as sixth largest tourist destination in the world. As per the tourism data, nearly 40 million tourists have visited London in the year 2018. London is one of the major tourist destinations in the United Kingdom. London is visited by a number of tourists in the UK. London has some of the best scenery in the entire world. Although there are many tourist places in London but the British Museum which is located in the Bloomsbury area of London is the most visited tourist place in the UK. More than 5.9 million visitors visit the British Museum of London. Tata Modern is the second highest visited place in London with approximately 5.6 million visitors (Lifesabutterely, 2019).

Stakeholders can be defined as a person who has an interest in a certain industries. Growth and downfall in the industry have an impact on stakeholders. In simple words, stakeholders are directly affected by the changes in the industry. Stakeholders in the Tourism industry are those persons which affect the tourism industry. Local residents, media, government, employees, business associations, tourism developers are covered under stakeholders in the tourism industry. Planning refers to the process of making plans for activities that are required to achieve desired goals. Planning not only involves the creation of plans bit also involves maintenance of the plan. Tourist development planning refers to preparing and implementing plans which will increase the number of tourists in the country. Tourism planning is considered as an important part of destination tourist development. Effective Tourism planning is required to satisfy stakeholders of the tourism industry. Many elements are covered under tourism development. Tourism development helps in managing public-private partnerships, ensure sustainable development, accessing international corporations. The main aim of Tourism planning is to develop alternative solutions to the perceived problems. Effective planning can help stakeholders in tourism in the case of London by analyzing of different factors that impact the environment and economy in of region.       

Planning in tourism development helps in increasing revenue of the tourism industry of London. Planning will not only helps in increasing revenue but also helps in creating multiple job opportunities in the country. Planning will also help the government of London in formulating various policies that will help stakeholders of tourism sector. Tourism expansion planning helps in preserving cultural heritage of tourists. Planning will also help in the optimum utilization of resources. Effective planning will help increase government revenue by attracting a large number of tourists in country. Planning will also help local businesses of London in generating revenues and develop the economy of the nation (Lifesabutterely, 2019).

1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning partnerships 

Advantages and Disadvantages of Private/Public sector Planning partnerships

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) allows the government to improve tourism assets with the help of applying the creativity and efficiency of the private sector. Partnership of both the public and private sectors will assist in improving condition of tourism sector of London. This partnership will help in solving the financial shortage in London tourism department in some cases, non-government organization i.e. NGO and other associations are part of this partnership (Luzecka, 2016).

Advantages of Public-private partnership in Tourism panning

Public-Private partnership helps in providing improved infrastructure in the tourism industry. PPP in tourism planning will also help in reducing risk which is related to new projects. With PPP, the authority can share risk with private sector. Risk may include Difficulties in meeting with environmental regulations, market slowdown. PPP also helps also in bringing innovation in the tourism industry of London (Signorile,et.al, 2018).

The government can raise funds from private firms in London which will aid in development of tourism sector. In this way, London tourism can earn more amount of profit along with sustainability development.

Disadvantages of Public-private partnership in Tourism planning

PPP is determined as essential for tourism planning. It will assist in developing the tourism sector of London. But the participation of the Private sector in the tourism sector might increase the cost of infrastructure and tourism services. And the increase in Tourism services can impact the revenue of the tourism industry of London.

PPP can also lead to the overutilization of tourism resources. And over- Utilization of resources will harm the nature. The tourism industry is dependent on the physical environment and a variety of natural resources (Signorile, et. al., 2018).

M1 Demonstrate the approached to study and research the public-private partnership 

Partnership in tourism planning will help in developing London tourism industry and helps in attracting more number of visitors in nation. PPP covers Collaborative tourism partnerships that involve both the private sector and government. Partnership of Government and private firms of the tourism industry will also help in better utilization of resources. Non- renewable resources of the tourism industry will be used in a planned manner. PPP is a long term contract. It might be possible that private and government firms may not contribute due to internal conflicts. Conflicts have a direct impact on revenue and enlargement of tourism sector.

TASK 2

2.1 Different approaches to Tourism planning and development

The tourism development and planning process covers various processes and plans for tourism development. Success of Tourism sect-or of London is depended on effective planning tools and techniques. Tourism development planning will not only help in generating revenue but also helps to reduce the negative effect on the heritage and culture of London (Luzecka, 2016).

Key Steps in Tourism development and planning process

• Estimating tourist supply and demand
• Determining objectives
• Planning based upon objectives
• Developing basic infrastructure
• Financial planning
• HRM management planning in the Tourism industry
• Administrative Structure
• Developing plans for Advertising and promotion
• Evaluation and monitoring progress.
• Time Factor

Tourism planning starts with the collection of information regarding potential customers for desirable growth. Analysis of the present structure of demand and supply model will help in making predictions. Predictions help in developing a tourism planning program. Data collected is used for setting tourism objectives that have to be achieved by the entity. Financial planning is also considered an essential tool for tourism development Setting of administrative structure is also an important part of Tourism development planning (Luzecka, 2016).

Various levels of planning involves

International level- Development planning in London is done at the border level to attract tourists from several countries across the globe. London tourism department can attract a large number of tourists by making them feel comfortable. Tourism development also helps in improving social and economic welfare of people in London. Tourism development also helps in improving economy of country.

National level –Both public and private organizations are responsible for supporting tourism operations at national level. Department of London tourism is implementing various strategies which help in improving tourism development in the country. Tourism authority is working with organizations at national level with the objective of performing three business activities in more effective manner.

 Regional level -Under this planning necessary facilities are developed to promote tourism in a particular area. Only local bodies are involves in the planning procedures at regional levels. Facility planning helps in increasing the number of tourists in London and helps in promoting the tourism industry (Signorile, et. al., 2018).

Sub- Regional level– Features of bodies at regional levels are considered as more specific and clear. These are defined as those bodies which are responsible for forming link between national and regional level authorities. Main objectives of these authorities are to develop plans which help in protecting destinations of tourism industry. Issues among government and citizens can be resolved by conducting meetings and also guiding citizens in relation to tourism benefits. 

2.2 Importance of Interactive Planning System

Planning is divided into many types such as such as protective planning, reactive planning, Inactive planning, and interactive planning. All these types of planning are used to bring efficiency in the different sectors. Interactive planning has the main concentrate on designing of current functions in such a way that these can be used for creating a better future. In terms of London tourism interactive planning is used for creating better tourism. Aim of interactive planning is to design a structure that encourages more number of tourists to visit London tourist places (Luzecka, 2016).

Interactive planning is treated as a continuous procedure that involves all the stakeholders’ i.e. government, Tourists, local residents in decision-making procedure. Interactive planning ensures that the ideas of stakeholders are taken into consideration while implementing decisions. Impacts of Tourism cover all the effects of tourism on economic and environmental communities. Tourism impacts are divided into three categories. Economic impacts contribute to better employment services, social stability. Environmental impacts affect the carrying ability of a particular place. The introduction of Tourists to areas can be damaging and contribute to cultural sites through increased resources (Luzecka, 2016).

Many techniques are required to evaluate tourism impact. The development of the tourism industry can have different impacts. The impact of these activities depends on the way these are maintained. Tourism can have both positive and negative impacts on the economic, social and environmental factors of London. The planning procedure is implemented to evaluate whether the objectives of industry are satisfied by measuring social, Economic and environmental impact. Different methods like Triple bottom line, EIA, Tourism economic activity monitor can be used to monitor the impacts of these factors.

Interactive planning system helps in bring corporation in among the participants of tourism market. Corporation among various participants helps in achieving objectives in effective manner. Corporation also helps in reducing conflicts among different market participants. Collaboration is required in the tourism industry for improving of activities of tourism sector. Collaboration helps in providing equal opportunities for different market participants of tourism industry.   

2.3 Impacts of different factors in the case of London

Social measures-Social impacts of tourism plans are difficult to count and measure. Generally, two methods are used for collecting the required information for social impact measurements. The first way is by collecting primary sources information through questionnaires, surveys, and interviews. Second option is concerned with the analysis of sources which can be collected from public documents, documentaries, and newspaper and government records. Social measures have impacted the tourism industry of London. Change in culture can be analyzed by creating specially designed places (Ibañez, et. al., 2016). London is adopting such culture in which their people can easily adjust in better manner. For this, they are analyzing the whole country which is such a beautiful place to visit and they are adopt only current trends to attract visitors. 

Environmental measures– Environmental measures are used to evaluate environmental costs. The main objective of environmental measures is to forecast environmental effect of tourism development actions. Concern impacts helps in avoiding potential risks by implementing necessary measures. Information is gathered which helps to understand environmental effects on different plans. Environmental auditing, Tourism industry in London can determine any disturbances in ecology, socially, environmentally and other factors which are directly impact on their surroundings as well as people. 

Economic measures-Economic measures are very critical considerations for London. Development of tourism is associated with economic wealth; Measures of tourist research have economic impacts. These are developed by the persons who have experience in the UK tourism industry. Steam and Cambridge model are two important models use to evaluate the economic effect on the tourism industry of London. STEAM model covers all those approaches which help in measurements of tourism. STEAM Model focuses on the use of a large number of local economic impacts on the tourism industry. Cambridge model provides easy access to national surveys by providing maintenance information at a lower cost (Ibañez, et.al 2016).

Tourism Development Impact 

Impact	Description of Impact	Measurement Method
Economic  Impact	Economic impacts analysis effect of an impact on economy. Tourism industry has various economic impacts on London.	Tourism multiplier effect technique helps in reducing economic impact on tourism industry. This method will also encourage growth in secondary and tertiary sector. This model can help in evaluating economic impact on tourism sector in an specified area. It helps in converting number of visitor to economic terms.
Environmental impact	Increase in tourism is responsible for creating various environmental issues. London Tourism industry has also created pollution like as many other industries.	Environmental impact Assessment is an important measurement method which helps in analyzing environmental impacts on different types of developments and projects.   Carrying capacity technique helps in defining capability of an definite area. This tool helps in development of tourism industry.
Social impact	Change in living conditions of population, poverty, quality of life are covered in social impact that effect London tourism.	Social impact in tourism industry can be easily measured with the help of analysis of secondary data. Doxey’s irrisex is one of the commonly used modal in tourism industry. It is based on the understanding of local population of country. It helps in analyzing impact by analyzing attitude change of local population towards tourists.

M2 Relevant theories and techniques are applied in explaining, analyzing and measuring tourism impacts 

Social measures are considered as subjective in nature and can be examined by observing impact on London culture and diversity of language. The tourism economic environment can be defined as an upward shift in the income of residents who are living in that locality. Economic measures are typically considered in monitory conditions. Changes in the income of residents can be seen in the lack of visiting the attractions, action. Tourism activity directly impacts business profile, amount of job creation, revenue return and employment earning.

D1 significance of interactive planning in tourism development at different level 

Tourism objectives deal in improving employment level, opportunities for intellectual growth and standers of living of people. Good infrastructure is required for the success of the tourism development program. Infrastructure facilities and services provide support to the tourism plan. Estimation of basic infrastructure is needed for tourist expansion. Infrastructure requirements vary from country to country. This planning ensures that sustainable tourism activities are achieved in London. The interactive system of planning helps in developing tourism activities in London. Interactive planning also assists in designing services through the involvement of markets and analysis of marketing needs.

TASK 3

3.1 Concept of sustainability in tourism development

The idea of sustainability is that location which accents the conversation of all property to be obtainable for future time in terms of culture, beautiful locations, environment and many more of London through attains sustainability in tourism. Therefore, planning for sustainable tourism in London is required for analyzing the negative impact on the environment of areas. Sustainable tourism is one that assists in maximizing social and economic advantages for host nations that will reduce the negative impact on the environment and also get greatest for culture (Amir, et. al., 2015). This is that thought which diminishes the cost that is required to the local civilizations and environment. Sustainable tourism is mainly planned with the main purpose and gain benefits from local people that are creating harm and damage to the whole environment. Sustainable tourism in London assists in preserve culture and rich inheritance is mainly attracting tourists from their places. 

The tourism in London’s main aspire is to reach and gain a higher economy with the help of developing and creating jobs and continuous acquiring income and enhancing the movement of the international exchange and so more. 

Cost is one of the important components in the tourism market and development of London. The country has providing best price for their visitors who are decide to visit the destination. With the help of tourism development, the cost is automatically increasing as well as country can gain high growth. The safety and security is vital which provide quality in tourism. The success and failure of the tourism place is mainly depending on able to provide secure and safe environment for travellers. This is important for London is to make sure about the safety because they need to provide best safety measures for their visitors who come for enjoy at such locations. With the best security, they can easily reach with higher growth and profitability level.  

The tourism industry is experienced a series downfall in profitability and sales especially in the year of 2019. Economic recession will create major impact on tourism business operations and its functions so that a traveller ratio is reduced.  London also face recession impact which are reduces their growth and profitability ratio. Along with this, Natural disaster is defining as such practice where visitors are analyzing such destination whenever they want to visit. This will create major impact in which tourist destination want some time to recover from terrorist attacks faster way. London has adopted advanced technology so this will protect them from any disaster and natural fear and all the people are feeling secure and safe. Change in climate can reduces snow cover, enhance and prolong heat waves and also alteration in rainfall. There are various types of tourism which are depending on weather and by extension. This is important for travel agent is to focus on climate change so that they can provide advice to the visitors in order to choose perfect destination where they are face any issue regarding climate change. 

3.2 Analyze factors that may prevent hinder sustainable tourism development

There are some factors which are protecting effective operations of sustainable tourism in London that are as follows:

Natural environmental changes – London has developed some negative impacts such as attrition of beaches, humiliating of all resources, contamination and so more that are directly impact climates. It helps in protecting and preventing the sustainable tourism development in London. 

Lack of local participation – It can be analyzed by Topdeck the local people of London who are only concerned in tourism such as customers, workers, and suppliers and they do not participate in the preparation of sustainable tourism under stakeholder theory that is impacting development (Muresan, et. al., 2016). 

Social impacts – It can be analyzed that tourism has transported enriching pleasure in London civilization but the local people have to lodge from one place to another. The social trends are always changes due to change in people behavior or attitude so that Topdeck need to identify the changes performs operations as per the requirements. 

3.3 Analyze different stages in planning for sustainability

The London government plays significant role in developing accurate policies and procedures for growth of these actions and sustainability in such areas. There are diverse phases in planning for sustainability that is described as under:

• At the first stage, they are planning for sustainable tourism which helps in identifies the improvement of services and facilities for visitors with preparation for usage of resources and organization of traveler relations in a better manner. 
• Another stage is Topdeck is followed rule and policy which are based on supervision strategies to plan the method visitor that are obtainable different advantages as stay, correspondence and many more (Bunakov, et. al., 2015). 
• In the next stage, they meet with tourists and provide them the best benefits to fulfill their needs and requirements.
• The London tourism business is mainly contributing to sustainability through the usage of resources and this helps limit the adverse impact of the tourists on society and the environment in a proper manner. 

D2 Plan, manage and organize substantial activities and research in carrying issues and challenges of sustainable tourism development

It can be analyzed that sustainable activities and functions need to be properly managed and maintain by Topdeck company for the development of tourism. Along with this, it will assist in analyzing issues and challenges of sustainable tourism development which are faced by destination. Such issues involve social impact, lack of local people participation and changes in the environment (Zamfir and Corbos, 2015). This is mainly impacting on growth and development of the country as well as company success effectively. For this, the company management needs to analyze the whole situation before preparing a plan and organize the trip. 

M3 Methods and techniques to analyze and present the various stages of sustainable tourism development

The qualitative method helps in analyzing and presenting the stages of sustainable tourism enlargement accurately. This will assist in collecting and gathering required data and information for tourism. Along with this, it is the technique that can be used for analyzing whole stages and situations of London in a better way and identifies growth areas. Also, the company can easily analyze the policies and procedures which are assisting in sustainable growth of tourism industry (Poudel, et. al., 2016). This will assist in attracting a large number of people towards a variety of services and locations. 

Task 4

4.1 Examine the issues of conflict of interest and evaluate the methods of resolving a conflict of interest.

An issue in the conflict of interest generally arises when the needs and preferences of two individuals do not match with each other. The major reasons for this type of conflict can be many and these can cause problems in achieving the goal inefficient manner. The major issue in a conflict of interest is when thinking of one individual does not match with the other. This means there are chances that the views of one individual in Topdeck may not match with others; this can give rise to issues and problems (Graci, 2013). Such types of problems can be resolved by agreeing on a common point. A specific process can also be established for resolving such kind of conflicts and problems. 

4.2 Analyse the implications of sustainable tourism development.

Sustainable development in tourism is the process in which tourists can enjoy the nature and beauty of a specific destination while ensuring that any kind of harm is not caused by them to the natural resource. It is very much essential to implement sustainable development activities for conserving destinations of London. By doing this more and more tourist can get attracted to London. With the assist of sustainable development tourism the culture and environment of destination can be effectively maintained (Lee, 2013). By formulating effective plans for sustainable development economic conditions of London can also be maintained in an effective manner. For taking maximum benefit from this type of development long as well as short term plans can be made. 

4.3 Evaluate the moral and ethical issues of developing and promoting enclave tourism.

Enclave tourism in London is generally concerned with tourist destination which is located in a little geographic region. The country people are adopting various cultures and follow such without any intervention of government. Due to various kinds of moral and ethical issue; proper development of commune tourism is not done. Individuals of the local area make uses of available resources in an ethical manner which causes direct harm to tourist spots (Saarinen, et, al., 2017). Ethically and morally it becomes the duty of local people and Top deck to implement effective plans for saving the enclave tourism in the best possible manner. Innovative techniques and methods can be used for maintaining the beauty of various tourist destinations in London. 

D3 Being able to receptive and impartial to new ideas of resolving a conflict of interest in developing sustainable tourism.

New and innovative ideas can be used for resolving and reducing the chances of conflict of interest. Resolving such kinds of problems can directly lead to the achievement of targets for sustainable development. This is if individuals in Top deck do not any conflict of interest than better ideas can be implemented for conserving the destinations of London. Achieving this focus can be laid on involving the employees in the decision making process and their ideas and views can be taken into consideration. The use of latest technology can also be done for developing sustainable tourism in London. 

Task 5

5.1 Compare current issues related to tourism development at your chosen destination and an emerging destination 

The tourism industry is one of the merging industry and many of the people like to visit to different places. The country London is currently facing many some of the problems associated to the expansion in tourism trends (Nowacki, et. al., 2018). On the other hand, one of the emerging tourism destination that is turkey also facing some certain issues related to development in tourism. 

Impacts	London	Turkey
Social-cultural	London is one of those destinations which is liking by most of the tourists but in context of social-cultural segments country is facing issues related to housing and pollution.	Turkey is another one of the major competitive destination of tourism. In the current time of period the destination is facing some certain issues related to the religious and ethnic cultural management.
Environmental	The country is facing many of the environmental issues which are related to the pollution and climate changes. These are some of the aspects which negatively impacting over the attainment of tourism management.	Turkey is also facing some certain issues and challenges which are related to the climate change and land desecration which are negatively impacting on tourism management.
Economical	London is one of the economically stable organization but in context of tourism aspects the country so facing some certain issues and challenges related to manage the economy trends.	The country is currently facing issues related to the management of economic standards. As the business values are getting affected in the country.

5.2 Evaluate, with recommendations, the future development of tourism in both destinations.

Impacts	London	China
Social-cultural	The destination needs to initiate some of the changes which are related to the social aspects as this is necessary to implement some strategies by the side of government which helps to remove the cultural challenges.	This is majorly necessary for the government of destination china to initiate some certain modifications in the process ethical and religious considerations which helps to manage the tourism interest.
Environmental	To maintain the authenticity and management of the environmental aspects this is necessary to initiate some of the strategies which will be helpful to attain environmental benefits.	The climate changes are natural terms but this is necessary to implement some certain weather management which helps to maintain the environmental aspects.
Economical	To manage the economic trends this is necessary to implement some of the financial management strategies.	This is necessary to implement some trends which helps to maintain the economic management.

D.3: Applied effective thinking and show evidence of receptiveness to new ideas and originality in recommending

The recommendations which had been mentioned above could be helpful to attain proper balancing and increment in the tourism in context of expanding in significant manner. That could be understood that if the government will take steps and initiate some of the amendments than it will be helpful to expand the market place (Kapera, 2018). On the other hand, the expansion in the facilities and services related to tourism will be helpful to expand the business as well as the growth of country in efficient manner. This is necessary for the countries to follow the recommendations in significant manner.  

Conclusion

It can be analyzed that sustainable tourism development is a process that helps the company to fulfill all tourist’s needs and wants. The government and the society must involve in managing and maintaining different social, cultural, environmental and economic impacts on tourism sector. The future tourism of London mainly depends on effective planning and policy development by authority to bound the crimes, progress of infrastructure, running natural resources in a better manner. It can be defined as planning and implementing different strategies with the objective to develop the tourism sector.  Tourism has become an essential industry of the market. The tourism industry not only helps in attracting a large number of visitors but also creates jobs in the country. Discussion aims to explain different approaches that are related to preparation and enlargement of sustainability with revere to London case study. Various issues and hurdles in planning sustainable practices in the tourism industry have to be discussed in this report.

References

• Amir, A.F., Ghapar, A.A., Jamal, S.A. and Ahmad, K.N., 2015. Sustainable tourism development: A study on community resilience for rural tourism in Malaysia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 168, pp.116-122.
• Muresan, I., Oroian, C., Harun, R., Arion, F., Porutiu, A., Chiciudean, G., Todea, A. and Lile, R., 2016. Local residents’ attitude toward sustainable rural tourism development. Sustainability, 8(1), p.100.
• Bunakov, O.A., Zaitseva, N.A., Larionova, A.A., Chudnovskiy, A.D., Zhukova, M.A. and Zhukov, V.A., 2015. Research on the evolution of management concepts of sustainable tourism and hospitality development in the regions. Journal of Sustainable Development, 8(6), p.39.
• Zamfir, A. and Corbos, R.A., 2015. Towards sustainable tourism development in urban areas: Case study on Bucharest as tourist destination. Sustainability, 7(9), pp.12709-12722.
• Poudel, S., Nyaupane, G.P. and Budruk, M., 2016. Stakeholders’ perspectives of sustainable tourism development: A new approach to measuring outcomes. Journal of Travel Research, 55(4), pp.465-480.
• Lee, T.H., 2013. Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development. Tourism management, 34, pp.37-46. 
• Graci, S., 2013. Collaboration and partnership development for sustainable tourism. Tourism Geographies, 15(1), pp.25-42. 
• Saarinen, J., Rogerson, C.M. and Hall, C.M., 2017. Geographies of tourism development and planning.
• Kapera, I., 2018. Sustainable tourism development efforts by local governments in Poland. Sustainable Cities and Society, 40, pp.581-588.
• Nowacki, M., Kowalczyk-Anioł, J., Królikowska, K., Pstrocka-Rak, M., &Awedyk, M. (2018). Strategic planning for sustainable tourism development in Poland. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 25(6), 562-567.
• Abdullah, Q.D.L. and Hamid, S.A., 2018. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in Managing Arts, Cultural and Tourism Sector. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Culinary Arts, 10(1), pp.1-14.
• Arbulú, I., Lozano, J. and Rey-Maquieira, J., 2017. The challenges of tourism to waste-to-energy public-private partnerships. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 72, pp.916-921.
• Ibañez, J., Sebastia, L. and Onaindia, E., 2016, August. Planning tourist agendas for different travel styles. In Proceedings of the Twenty-second European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 1818-1823). IOS Press
• Lifesabutterely,2019 Importance of Tourism Planning (Online)  Lifesabutterely Available at: https://www.lifeasabutterfly.com/why-tourism-development-planning-is-important/ Accessed on :24/10/2019
• Luzecka, P., 2016. “Take a gap year!” A social practice perspective on air travel and potential transitions towards sustainable tourism mobility. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(3), pp.446-462.
• Santos, F., Almeida, A., Martins, C., Oliveira, P. and Gonçalves, R., 2016, July. Tourism Recommendation System based in user’s profile and functionality levels. In Proceedings of the Ninth International C* Conference on Computer Science & Software Engineering (pp. 93-97). ACM.                              
• Signorile, P., Larosa, V. and Spiru, A., 2018. Mobility as a service: A new model for sustainable mobility in tourism. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 10(2), pp.185-200.
• Tandfonline,2019 Local Stakeholders( Online) Tandfonline, Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13683500.2015.1078782 Accessed on :24/10/2019

Introduction

In the competitive economy, strategic management provides strength to face unfavourable circumstances by increasing the internal capabilities of a firm. In the tourism and hospitality industry, strategic management is focused on the customers, long term goals and shareholder during business operations so that it creates a positive impact on the environment (Bartlett, Johnson, and Schneider, 2016). Strategic management process in the tourism and hospitality sector includes planning, formulation of strategies and their effective implementation. The present report is based on a study of Eight Hotels Collection and its strategic management in tourism and hospitality industry. The major issue faced by the selected company is competition and this issue is creating obstacles in the success and growth of the brand.

Main body

In the current market condition, tourism and hotel industry organisations are facing several difficulties at the time of managing the business strategies. Eight Hotels Collection faces problems and the brand is now required to emphasise on improving its strategic management. In the tourism and hospitality sector, issues such as competition, the standard of business strategy, organisation structure, globalisation, leadership techniques, sustainability, continuous changing expectations of stakeholders, rapid technological changes, shortage in skilled labour, etc affects the success of business (Altinay, Paraskevas, and Jang, 2015). 

In the case of Eight Hotels Collection, the management is facing high level competition in the Australian market, and this is the one major strategic management issue at present. The selected firm also faces many other strategic management problems but competition is the issue which is directly affecting its business operation. The competition factor in the market creates several difficulties for the business in terms of carrying out smooth business running operations. Due to the highly competitive market, the selected entity faces customer’s negative support in the business activities. It has also been identified that in the hotel industry, customers always need high- level standard goods and best services. So, in such conditions many multinational firms are making their entry in the tourism and hospitality industry (Moutinho, and Vargas-Sanchez, 2018). This has resulted in creating unfavourable circumstance for the business operation in the long run. Due to high competition issue in strategic management, Eight Hotels Collection is facing following difficulties in the business environment-

• Impact on sale and profits- In the present scenario, increasing and intense competition in the industry is affecting the business transaction and the revenues of Eight Hotels Collection in a negative sense (Altin, Koseoglu, and Riasi, 2018). In the case of the selected firm, due to an ineffective strategy formulation, the management is facing situation of falling and low sales in the Australian market. Along with this, high competition in the hotel industry creates a problem for the management in context of increasing funds. For example, Eight Hotels Collection working environment wants to create positive, innovative technological changes in the business operation, but due to high standard competition in the market firm is earning less profit. This is a major disadvantage for the selected entity to survive in the market. The high rate of returns is essential in the tourism sector to provide attractive services to consumers (Bartlett, Johnson, and Schneider, 2016). The firm management should focus on business planning and implementation process to resolve the strategic management problems.

• Make an influence on the customers- The increasing competition in the hospitality industry creates problem for the Eight Hotels Collection in terms of enhancing its customer base. The competitors marketing strategies and attractive offers create influence on the consumers and this further affects overall business performance. For example, increasing competitors has created issues for the brand and these competitive firms influence customers by the latest technology and new innovative services. The result of this is that companies face issues in terms of attracting new customers and retaining the new ones in the long-run (Lee, 2016). The competitive Australian market in tourism sector decreases the chance of representing company capabilities in front of customers. Eight Hotels Collection should find out alternative options to handle high level competition in the market. An entity can integrate attractive discount and special offers to make a positive influence on customers.

• Low level in business operation- With the high competition in the market, the selected company management has also faced issues in terms of business operations. The competitive environment created problems in the development of business operations that are not appropriate in the current market condition. Due to high competition, Eight Hotels Collection is providing services in the limited areas that effect unfavourable for earning customer trust level. For example, the selected organisation is currently providing hospitality services in the Australian market only because of the high rate competition that become a barrier in development. For attractive business services, the firm needs improvement in the current business operations. By taking the support of a strong business, strategy firm can make increase business activities and attract maximum customers (Evans, 2015). The Competitive environment emphasises on management to change the business plan as per the market trends.

• Less market share- To cover maximum market share, the selected company have to overcome the strategic management problem competition. The intense competition in Australian market in the tourism and hospitality industry becomes a barrier for the firm to enter in a new economy. The higher standard competition decreases chances for the service in the market (Kotler, et al. 2017). Eight Hotels Collection management operations are trying to increase market share by using innovative services, but due to big brand competitors such as Park Hyatt and Hilton Hotels, the firm is unable to cover market share effectively. For example, in comparison to other hotel industry, the selected entity is providing facilities only in the Sydney with limited rooms around 165 that attracts more customers and becomes a barrier in covering large market share for Eight Hotels Collection. The selected firm should adopt collaboration activities and increase market share to compete with Australian tourism and hospitality industry.

• Decrease in the brand image- In strategic management, high competition issue creates several difficulties for the entity and low rate brand value is one of them that impact on the customers. The competitive working culture directly related to entity brand name, which is the major sources to attract customers (Altin, Koseoglu, and Riasi, 2018). The brand value of the firm decreases by the competitors marketing strategic and attractive business planning implementation. The selected firm is unsuccessful strategic management activities are unable to handle the changeling competitor environment. In the Australian market, big brand companies develop innovative services and advance resources in tourism and hotel industry, so most of the customer attract toward big brand image and selected entity faces problem of low level brand value in the market. 

• Less productivity and poor quality services – In the sector of tourism and hospitality industry, improper strategic management issues which is increasing competition that makes a direct impact on the business productivity and service’s quality (Rahimi, et al. 2017). Comparison with competitors, the selected firm goods and services less effective in the market that affects business profits. For example, Eight Hotels Collection is providing limited facilities to the small part of the market due to high rate competition that affects business activities. Due to high competition, company management has to decrease the number of goods and services to save the entity from huge losses (Koseoglu, 2016).

Hence overall, in the strategy management, large scale competition issue create a negative impact on the business working environment of the selected firm.

Conclusion

The current report is a summary of the strategic management issue of Eight Hotels Collection that faces high -level competition in the Australian market. The high rate competitive environment in tourism and hospitality sector creates several difficulties for the such as less improvement in the productive, low profits, decreasing in business operations, fewer customers support, negative brand image and influence on customers priority level. These negative impacts are harmful to the selected entity in long-run survival in the market. The firm management should find out an effective business plan to compete with the market several competitors.

Recommendations

• Improve marking strategy- The selected entity should focus on global marketing activities to attract a large number of consumers. In the marketing, process firm should make advertisements on the different website along with that send email to the customer about several offers. The Eight Hotels Collection should apply the promotion process on the social media platform by posting effective videos and pictures of several goods and services. In marketing activities, the company should give attention to increasing brand image in the market.  

• Making collaboration activities- The selected entity can also make collaboration and joint agreements with the multinational firms to increase market share in the tourism and hospitality industry. This will also support to management for attracting shareholder that indirectly decrease competition level from the Australian market. The collaboration process helps the firm to increase different resources and to improve business performance.

• Pricing strategy implementation – The selected company should give more attention to the products and services pricing strategy to attract large scale customer. For increasing customers, the firm should adopt a low price strategy. In that process, the company should set different categories of services at different prices in business operations. Along with this, the company should give allot several gif card coupons vouchers to attract customers interest area toward services.

• Product innovation process- The Eight Hotels Collection should majorly focus on the goods and services innovation process and development activities. At present, the company is operating with limited resources such as less number of accommodation facilities and untrained human resources for business activities. So, the company should effectively focus on increasing business working structure with the innovation process.

By adopting the above recommendations, the selected company can easily resolve strategic management issues and can ensure its long-term growth and development. 

Reference

• Altin, M., Koseoglu, M.A., Yu, X. and Riasi, A., 2018. Performance measurement and management research in the hospitality and tourism industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(2), pp.1172-1189.
• Altinay, L., Paraskevas, A. and Jang, S.S., 2015. Planning research in hospitality and tourism. Routledge.
• Bartlett, K.R., Johnson, K.R. and Schneider, I.E., 2016. Comparing strategic human resource development approaches for tourism and hospitality workforce planning. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 15(4), pp.440-461.
• Evans, N., 2015. Strategic management for tourism, hospitality and events. Routledge.
• Koseoglu, M.A., 2016. Growth and structure of authorship and co-authorship network in the strategic management realm: Evidence from the Strategic Management Journal. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 19(3), pp.153-170.
• Kotler, P., Bowen, J.T., Makens, J. and Baloglu, S., 2017. Marketing for hospitality and tourism.
• Lee, K. ed., 2016. Strategic winery tourism and management: building competitive winery tourism and winery management strategy. CRC Press. 
• Moutinho, L. and Vargas-Sanchez, A. eds., 2018. Strategic Management in Tourism, CABI Tourism Texts. Cabi.
• Pikkemaat, B. and Zehrer, A., 2016. Innovation and service experiences in small tourism family firms. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 10(4), pp.343-360.
• Rahimi, R., Köseoglu, M.A., Ersoy, A.B. and Okumus, F., 2017. Customer relationship management research in tourism and hospitality: a state-of-the-art. Tourism review, 72(2), pp.209-220.

Introduction 

The purpose of this report is to develop skills in analyzing the hospitality and tourism system and the importance of the destination. In this report it describes the chosen destination which is situated in Paris, it is a European city. This city is famous for its art, fashion, gastronomy and culture. The report describes the chosen landmark called Eiffel Tower. The city is known and famous for its coffee culture and designer boutiques along with rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoree. In this report, it describes the destination features, attractions quality, amenities, access and ancillary services.  In the travel booklet, it defines that a book towards travelling to a particular certain country or region.  In this booklet, it describes that Eiffel tower is the world-famous destination. Many people travel this city to see this destination. In Paris, there are various types of destination which are famous and most popular such as; Louvre museum, cathedral Notre-dame de Paris and arc de triumphed.   

Assessment 

Attractions (e.g.,. artificial, natural, events):

History and origin: Paris is a France capital and major European city and global center for fashion culture and gastronomy. It is the 19th-century cityscape by boulevards and river seine. It is the landmark of Eiffel tower. The design of the tower is attributed to Maurice cochin and mile bouguer. The famous architect Stephen Silvestre designing the tower structure; it is a marvelous and beautiful tower in Paris. 

Description of the Destination: Eiffel tower is the wrought iron and lattice tower on champ de mars which are situated in Paris, France.  It is also known as the city of Paris. This destination is famous for its unique architect and designing. The tower is 324 meters tall, and its height is 81 story building. It is recorded that it is the tallest structure in Paris. It has three levels of visitors so the tourists can enjoy the scenes at every level of the tower.  It is an artificial and unique structure, which is the center of attraction of the tourists. Eiffel tower is the tallest human-made structure and popular for its heights. It is investigated that it is tallest as compare to Chrysler building (Salim and Som., 2018).

Amenities (e.g., accommodation, food and beverage, retailing and other services)

The tower has three sections and levels so the visitors can enjoy the scenario and beautiful scenes of Paris. The famous engineer gustave Eiffel design the tower. It is founded in 1887, the tower 

Accommodation of the tower: It describes that when the tower is built, the first level contains three restaurants. The top-level were laboratories for various types of experiments. The small apartment of the tower reserved for the gustave Eiffel for entrains the guests. In the current period, it is open for public. In its interior apartment have kitchen two bedrooms, a lounge and scenes of the Paris landmarks. Tickets prices of the tower are 10. 20 €. Opening time is 09:00-00:45. It is a sample travel brochure sample of Paris which mentioned below:   

Figure 1 Anchorage Opera, 2019

Source: Anchorage Opera, 2019

For food and beverages: Tower upper level is made up by luxury restaurant whereas various types of unique and delicious dishes are presented to the guests and public.

Other services are: It offers various types of services such as; restaurants and stores. It is evaluated that every floor has different types of dining and gift shops facilities. So tourists can purchase various types of gifts and products. In this tower it provides the facility of salon which is also known as gustave Eiffel salon. Salon is situated for business events, it hire the new venue in a magical settings. It attract to the guests to meet the needs and requirements. The tickets system of the line queue and offline is lengthy and take too much time of the visitors so it provides the facility to them which is online ticket booking (Griffin, et. al., 2017).

Access (e.g., scenic drives, park and ride schemes, shuttle buses, innovative vehicles)

In Eiffel tower the car parking, vehicle parking facilities are available for the visitors. It is investigated that platinum, diamond and seven stars reward card members have advantages to receive free parking. It provides the facility to the visitors to go and see the tower in the night because the evening light shows are attraction and lighted up 20,000 bulbs. It is started at dusk. Elevators facilities support to the visitors to visit the jules verne restaurant, other elevators are for tower staff members. It is investigated that the close Paris metro station of the Eiffel tower is champ de mars on line RER.C. It also provide facility of other metro stations which is close to the tower such as; ecole militaire on line 8.  

Ancillary Services (e.g., DMO’s, visitor centres, local councils or government entities)

Tourism in the Paris is wider income source. The most and top reasons for come the visitors are sightseeing and shopping. In Paris it is investigated that it is the largest airbnb market in all over the world. Council of the Paris is deliberative body structure which is responsible for governing of Paris. Council of the Paris is a type of local sole house of the city. There are 163 Paris councillor’s seats.  Council of Paris is elected by voters of commune. In the present time the municipal government take the authority of the city (Peters, 2013).

Visitors centre are also there in the tower it refers that a portion is set up for the visitors to see the scenes and enjoy the scenes.  

Conclusion 

It is concluded that this travel booklet show all the features of the selected destination. It describes attractions factors, amenities, and park and ride facilities, ancillary services description. It shows that Eiffel tower is the one of the tallest building in all over the world.  

Reference 

• Salim, M.A.M. and Som, A.P.M., 2018. Shaping Tourist Destinations Through Language and Visual Elements on Tourism Websites: A Tourism Discourse Perspective. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.34), pp.364-369. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330899920_Shaping_Tourist_Destinations_Through_Language_and_Visual_Elements_on_Tourism_Websites_A_Tourism_Discourse_Perspective

Pdf link: file:///C:/Users/Zucol/Downloads/MalaysiaIJET2019.pdf

• Peters, J.D., 2013. Calendar, clock, tower. Deus in machina: Religion and technology in historical perspective, pp.25-42. http://web.mit.edu/comm-forum/legacy/mit6/papers/peters.pdf 
• Griffin, T., Giberson, J., Lee, S.H.M., Guttentag, D., Kandaurova, M., Sergueeva, K. and Dimanche, F., 2017. Virtual reality and implications for destination marketing. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=2103&context=ttra 
• Anchorage Opera, 2019. Destination: Paris raffle [online] Anchorage Opera, Available at: https://anchorageopera.org/community/destination-paris/ Accessed on: [5th August 2019]

Introduction

This assignment is developed on the topic of marketing travel and tourism which includes description of marketing concepts and principles in reference with TUI, which is world’s leading integrated tourism group. The assignment includes the discussion of the role played by marketing related with travel and tourism sector which further includes the description of the significant of planning in marketing sector, relevance of marketing research and information to managers and marketing influence on society. The assignment further includes the discussion of the role marketing sector related with tourism and travel sector in reference with TUI and description of the use of promotional mix in travel and tourism sector. All together the assignment aims to provide a description of the concepts and principles related with marketing sector in reference with TUI in the travel and tourism sector. 

Task1

Article for publication  

Core Concepts of Marketing for the Travel and Tourism Sector Date- 08\07\2019 Marketing refers to the concept of understanding the wants and desires of both the existing and new customers in order to provide satifaction to the customers and developing plans in order to maintain customer satisfaction through meeting the demands of customers as the increment in the sales of company depends on customer satisfaction. TUI requires to develop a clear knowledge about the preference of customers and management functions as management functions is known as a core concept of marketing (Aléssio, et al., 2015). The management functions of marketing includes the function of organizing and directing activities related with business which furhter involve analysis of the purchasing power of customers in to effective demand of customers towards TUI services for travel and tourism purpose in order to achieve profit and objectives of company.  Moreover TUI is also required to know about the aspects of marketing concepts such as given below:  Customer Orientation: The customer orientation aspect of marketing concept indicates to the steps that TUI need to include its marketing strategy for increasing the participation of customers through customer feedback and providing new offers to customer for customer satisfaction.  Integrated Marketing: The concept of integrated marketing refers to the need to develop the infrastructure of TUI in order to provide best services to customers and build strong relation with customers (Altinay, et. al., 2015).  Dual-Core Marketing: The dual-core marketing concept reflects to the indication of marketing job to identify the needs of customers and the process of providing new offers to meet the satisfaction of customers.    Source:  Marketing Environment         Impact of the Marketing Environment on Individual Travel and Tourism Businesses  Date- -08\07\2019 The marketing environment includes factors related with internal and external marketing that influence and impact the marketing operation of businesses of individual travel and tourism such as TUI and tourist destinations such as Mexico and Costa Rica. The marketing environment impact the business operation of TUI and tourist destinations in both positive and negative ways such as stated below:  Internal Factors of marketing environment is also known as microenvironment which includes the all those factors that are available within the organization and impact the business operation of TUI and the tourist destinations, Mexico and Costa Rica. The internal factors further include the following factors: Resources: Resources of internal factor includes TUI financial position, TUI range in travel and tourism sectors and access to technology which impacts the business operation of TUI and resources available at tourist destination, Mexico and Costa Rica also impacts the business operation as customers prefer the tourist destination on the basis of resources available at destination for tourist (Gretzel, et. al., 2015). Employees Skill: The other factor that impact the business operation of TUI is the skill of employees as customers rely on employees interaction and skills to meet the requirement of customers and the tourist destination, Mexico and Costa Rica also impacted from the factor of employees skill as the tourist usually seek the skill of employees at the destination place to interact with the customers.   External Factors refers to the marketing refers to teh factors related with available outside the organization and impact the business operation of TUI and tourist destination, Mexico and Costa Rica while the external factors includes the following factors: Economic Factors: The economic factors that impact the business operation of TUI as the economic factors includes economic system, stability and income distribution pattern of TUI and the tourist destination, Mexico and Costa Rica are impacted from economic factors of currency ratio of Mexico and Costa Rica (Xiang, et. al., 2015).  Technological Factors: The technological factors states the impact on the business operation of TUI from advanced and new technologies as the company is required to be updated in order to meet the requirement of customer and it impact the tourist destination of Mexico and Costa Rica from the availability of technology.  Source: The Tourist Route System- Model of Travelling Pattern                                          Factors Affecting Customer Motivation and Demand   Date- 08\07\2019 The main factors that has ability to impact the customer motivation and demand towards the sector of travel and tourism in marketing in reference with TUI are given below:  Personal Budget: The personal budget of customer affects the demand of customer towards travel and tourism sector as mostly people who seek to travel search for suitable travel deals and cost effective plan which saves money (Rajaobelina, 2018). Social Class: The social needs of customers refer to the preference of different culture tourist towards places, events and different types of tourism. Moreover the information and feedbacks from friends and families motivates other customers towards the demand in travel and tourism sector.  Psychology of Customer: The psychology of customer also affects the demand of customer towards the sector of travel and tourism as the psychology needs of customers usually alters and generally prefers flexibility, good services and safety needs to meet the customer satisfaction (Baum, 2015).                                        Principles of Market Segmentation  Date- 08\07\2019 Market segmentation refers to the practice that determines and divides target market of organization in order to meet all the target markets through satisfying the wants of customers in market. TUI undertakes the consideration of market segmentation in order to determine the services, sales and strategies of market in accordance with the target market and it plays a significant role in the sector related with travel and tourism in order to divide the tourist in various segments in reference with similar or different needs of the tourist. The principles related with market segmentation along with it uses in marketing plan at TUI are given below: Demographic Segmentation: The demographic segmentation divides the customers or market on the basis of age, income, gender, family size, occupation, nationality and more. It is also the most commonly used segmentation of market and as it is mostly used by organization to get the right population associated with the organization. TUI could use demographic segmentation in its marketing plan for dividing the population on variable basis in order to further determining the services of TUI for customers (Tussyadiah, et. al., 2016).   Behavioral Segmentation: This type of market segmentation generally depends on dividing the market on the basis of customer’s behavior and decision making pattern. TUI could use this market segmentation in market planning in order to develop a target market approach for travel and tourism through seeking the behavior of customers.  Psychographic Segmentation: This type of market segmentation divides the market on the basis of customer’s lifestyle, activities, interests and opinions. TUI could use psychographic segmentation in marketing plan in order to seek the psychological aspects of customers for offering travel and tourism packages.  Geographic Segmentation: This type market segmentation divides the market or customers on the basis of geographical boundaries as the potential of customer interests, needs and preference differ accordingly with the geographies of customers. TUI could use geographic segmentation in its marketing plan for determining the preferences and interest of its customers over different geographies for further determining its services for its customers (Papatheodorou, et. al., 2017).  Source: Understanding Target Market Segmentation

Task2. 

Executive Summary

Marketing as a tool of management in the sector of travel and toursim plays an important as management tool of marketing such as marketing plans, marketing research and information are required while analyzing market trend for the sector of travel and tourism purpose. The report also includes the influence of marketing on society.

Introduction

This report includes the description of the importance marketing strategies and marketing plan for determining the purpose of business related with the travel and tourism sector along with the implication and influence of marketing research and information on business operation of tourism and travel sector. The influence of marketing of traveling sector on the society along with its impact on the working of society.

Analyze the importance of strategic marketing plan for a selected travel and tourism business (TUI) and tourist destination (Mexico and Costa Rica). 

Strategic marketing plan refers to a process through which an organization creates and develops effective marketing strategies and plans to implement in the target market and it is also known as creative process for stable flow of business of organization. The significance of marketing plan for TUI and tourist destination, Mexico and Costa Rica are given below: 

• Evaluate Current Environment: Strategic marketing plan helps both the travel and tourism business of TUI and tourist destination, Mexico and Costa Rica to evaluate the current environment of both the organization and the tourist palace (Gretzel, et. al., 2015). TUI through strategic marketing plan would be able to identify and analyze the current prevailing environment and situations at the organization and market moreover for tourist destinations such as Mexico and Costa Rica the strategic marketing plan is important to seek the availability of resources and the current environment of the places. 
• To identify the Action to Achieve Goals: The strategic marketing plan helps TUI to identify the actions required to achieve its goal and gain benefits in its business as it helps TUI to establish a planned approach of actions to achieve the goals. Moreover the tourist destinations, Mexico and Costa Rica through strategic marketing plan would be able to identify the needs and desires of customers (Lane, et. al., 2015).

Discuss the relevance of marketing research and market information to managers in the travel and tourism sector in reference with TUI. 

Marketing research refers to the process through which  relevant marketing informations are collected in a systematic manner as the information which could integrate business organization in depth analysis to accomplish long term goals in marketing sectors. Marketing research is important in travel and tourism sector for understanding the placement of marketing elements to meet the satisfaction of customers. The manager of TUI need to sustain relevance marketing research and market information in order to reflect customer satisfaction, functions, requirements and in developing effective marketing  and business decisions. Moreover the marketing research and marketing information enables the manager of TUI to forecast the future sales of TUI, drive effective marketing strategies and could measure the demand of the tourism trends in the sector of travel and tourism. The marketing research and informations also help the manager of TUI to understand the market and customers preference and also to maintain effective relation with both the  existing and new customers (Abubakar & Ilkan, 2016). 

Assess the influence of marketing on society. 

Marketing leads both positive and negative impact on society as an organization usually operates on the basis of a society. The role of marketing function in the sector of travel and tourism for understanding the demand of the customers and the trend in the tourism market sector. The positive impact of tourism marketing on society is informing and educating customers about the practical information to assist the package of tourism, to effectively managing customer expectations, to drive the economy of consumer in the society and to understand and modeling customer behavior. The negative impact of marketing function on society such as wastage of money and also impact the ethics of society. Moreover the marketing of travel and tourism sector helps the society to provide information about different travel packages (Mariani, 2016). The marketing activities thus need to provide accountability to society for positive impact of marketing on the society. 

Conclusion

The report aims to provide the description of the importance of marketing for the business operation of sector related with travel and tourism with the discussion of marketing aspects such as marketing strategies, marketing research and market information. This report also aims to provide the discussion of the impact and influence of travel and tourism marketing on the society towards travelling purpose. 

Task3.

 Article for Publication

Role OF Marketing Mix in Travelling and Tourism Sector Date- 08\07\2019 Introduction The marketing mix is the practice adopted by different organizations for accomplishing competitive advantage. Travelling and tourism sector use the marketing mix to achieve a better and suitable outcome for the sector. Services and offers introduced by the firm are influenced by the marketing mix used by companies (Ciriković, 2014). Case study of the TUI group has been selected for better understanding. Issues in elements of service sector mix elements with reference to TUI.  The main components of mix elements are product, price and place which are used in the travel and tourism industry. Product as in case of TUI is services offered by the company such as aircraft, travel agencies, cruise lines etc. In terms of product, it has been observed that if the services or products given by TUI is the same as other companies then it will lead to failure of products offered. The price of TUI should also be such that it is different and reasonable than other travelling companies (Menon and Edward, 2013). If this is not achieved then the failure of price takes place. Importance of service sector mix elements to the travel sector The value of mix elements is very important in the travelling sector. 4Ps of the mix elements are used in the travel sector. Product, price, placement and promotion are elements which are used. Product in the travelling sector, are the services or factors that the company is trying to promote. It includes a bus tour, hotel facilities etc. Price of the travelling sector should be such that it should be reasonable and better than other tourism services. Use of promotion is also considered by many tourism industries. It is the practice of advertisement or marketing of services and products of the company. It includes places of travelling, offers offered during travelling, promotion of services etc. The place is the element of the marketing mix which determines the connectivity of services and products with the customers or passengers. Concept of total tourism product, to an individual tourism business as TUI.  Total tourism product is a method of fulfilling consumer needs. All the components required for satisfying consumer needs are brought in the core concept of the total tourism product. TUI is an organization that performs multiple tasks such as hotels, aircraft and cruise liners. They all are considered a single facility for customers and work is done on all of these different aspects but they are considered a single resource. It is done in order to achieve an overall experience of tourist, tourism product plays a significant role in it (Magatef, 2015). The development of the product should be done and for this feedback should be collected and implemented. These products should be services related to aircraft, hotels and cruise liners in case of TUI.   Conclusion Various issues are there in implementing mix elements in travelling and tourism sector. These issues arise in products, price and placement. Importance of mix elements is very high and contributes to better performance and output for travelling and tourism sector. Total tourism product is the concept used for gathering all components of travelling together increasing sufficiency and service of these components.

Task4. 

Executive Summary

The promotional mix is used by companies in order to achieve suitable outcomes for the organization. Travelling and tourism sector also adopt this method to achieve better performance in the industry. Many organizations related to the travelling sector are using this component for overcoming competition in the market. 

Introduction 

For overcoming competition and to achieve suitable outcomes for the organization promotional mix is the strategy used by the firm. Product, price, placement and promotion are the components used of the promotional mix. 

Integrated nature and role of the promotional mix

The promotional mix is the elements used by firms for the promotion and performance of their company and services (Ciriković, 2014). TUI as serving a number of services thus use of promotional mix is essential for them so that all the customers and passengers are aware of their different service and products. 

• Product – It refers to the product offered by the company. Main products or service offered by TUI are aircraft, cruise liners, hotels. These should be improved for achieving better results.
• Promotion – It is the practice of promoting services offered by the company. TUI is a successful and stable company, use and implication of promotional mix can make them more effective by making people aware about products of TUI.
• Public relations – In this practice, customers are influenced or contacted directly by the firm. This relation is maintained by means of news papers and radios.
• Price – TUI is organizing summer camps in 2020 to Mexico and Costa Rica. For attracting significant number of customers it is important that price of services should be reasonable.

Plan and justify integrated promotional campaign for TUI summer deals.

Being Assistant manager of TUI the main focus is on achieving outcomes for the company and satisfying needs of customers (Law, et. al., 2015). For achieving this best products or services should be offered. It includes offers on rooms, aircrafts etc. After products or services, the next aim should be giving these services in reasonable price. The promotion should be done of these services and offers. Various ways should be adopted for this for example advertisements in news papers, internet, radio etc. All these ways should be adopted for better promotion of services and products. The points or places should be identified where improvement is required (Magatef, 2015). These places could be travelling facilities, rooms for customers etc. all these places should be identified and suitable steps should be identified for achieving this.
Conclusion 

Report given above reflects use and result of promotional mix for TUI organization. Product, place, price and promotion are the mixes used by travelling companies for achieving results. Plan is prepared regarding the promotion of services and products offered by TUI for summer deals. 

POSTER

Conclusion

This assignment aims to provide a brief explanation about the significance of marketing concept in reference with the sector related with travel and tourism along with the organization TUI. The assignment aims to provide the discussion of marketing concepts and principles, the role of marketing as management tool along with the description of marketing strategies, research and information and the influence of marketing on society in reference with tourism group, TUI. The discussion of the role of marketing mix along with the discussion of issues related with the elements of marketing mix such as product, place and promotion are also included in the assignment. And lastly the discussion of the use of promotional mix in travel and tourism are also included in the assignment with reference of TUI. 

References

•  Abubakar & Ilkan, 2016. Impact of online WOM on destination trust and intention to travel: A medical tourism perspective.  Journal Destination Marketing of & Management. 5(3), pp.192–201.
• Aléssio Bessa Sarquis, et al., 2015. Marketing strategies: Study in travel agencies and tourism sector. Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo, 9(2), pp.298–320.
• Baum, T., 2015. Human resources in tourism: Still waiting for change?–A 2015 reprise. Tourism Management, 50, pp.204-212.
• Gretzel, U., Koo, C., Sigala, M. & Xiang, Z., 2015. Special issue on smart tourism: convergence of information technologies, experiences, and theories. Electronic Markets, 25(3), pp.175-177.
• Gretzel, U., Sigala, M., Xiang, Z. & Koo, C., 2015. Smart tourism: foundations and developments. Electronic Markets, 25(3), pp.179-188.
• Lane, B. & Kastenholz, E., 2015. Rural tourism: the evolution of practice and research approaches–towards a new generation concept?. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(8-9), pp.1133-1156.
• Mariani, M.M., 2016. Coordination in inter-network co-opetitition: Evidence from the tourism sector. Industrial Marketing Management, 53, pp.103–123.
• Papatheodorou, A. & Pappas, N., 2017. Economic recession, job vulnerability, and tourism decision making: A qualitative comparative analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 56(5), pp.663-677.
• Rajaobelina, L., 2018. The impact of customer experience on relationship quality with travel agencies in a multichannel environment. Journal of Travel Research, 57(2), pp.206-217.
• Tussyadiah, I.P. & Pesonen, J., 2016. Impacts of peer-to-peer accommodation use on travel patterns. Journal of Travel Research, 55(8), pp.1022-1040.
• Xiang, Z., Magnini, V.P. & Fesenmaier, D.R., 2015. Information technology and consumer behavior in travel and tourism: Insights from travel planning using the internet. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 22, pp.244-249.
• Altinay, L., Paraskevas, A. & Jang, S.S., 2015. Planning research in hospitality and tourism. Routledge.
• Ciriković, E., 2014. Marketing mix in Tourism. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 3(2), p.111.
• Magatef, S. G., 2015. The impact of tourism marketing mix elements on the satisfaction of inbound tourists to Jordan. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 6(7), pp.41-58.
• Law, R., Leung, R., Lo, A., Leung, D. and Fong, L.H.N., 2015. Distribution channel in hospitality and tourism: Revisiting disintermediation from the perspectives of hotels and travel agencies. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(3), pp.431-452.
• Menon, S. and Edward, M., 2013. A Study of Exhibitor Firms at a Tourism Trade Show. International Journal of Marketing & Business Communication, 2(2).
• Marketing Environment. 2018. Business Jargons. Marketing Environment. [Online] Available at: https://businessjargons.com/marketing-environment.html.
• Thor Flognfeldt jr., 2017. The tourist route system – models of travelling patterns. Belgian Journal of Geography. [Online] Available at: https://journals.openedition.org/belgeo/12406#tocfrom1n1
• Understanding Target Market Segmentation. 2016. Parrot Analytics.  Understanding Target Market Segmentation. [Online] Available at: https://www.parrotanalytics.com/insights/understanding-target-market-segmentation/

Introduction

Hospitality and tourism industry are leisure and at the same time these both focus on delivering the maximum customer satisfaction. They focus on providing the services according to the demands and requirements of the consumers. Hospitality is the most important sector in the service industry and services are in the intangible form of products which are being offered to the customers. Hospitality and tourism industry is also termed as pleasure industry.  In this report we will be discussing about the Tourism in Venice and what impact they have creating in the economy. There are various issues which are going in the Venice and making life difficult for those people who are living in Venice.

Identify and discuss the prime ethical and governing issues presented in the documentary

The documentary is all about the Venice the famous city which is famous for its unique ambience and the most important it carries history of more than 10,000 years. The Venice has a lot of Tourism but at the same giant ships which are entering into the city leads to the destruction of the monuments which are located in the city. On the top of it people are selling things at every corner in the city which makes worse conditions for people who are inhabitants of Venice. The residents are growing in Venice people does not have place to live and ensure their proper standard of living and at the same time they are protesting against these odds which is causing destructions in the Venice (Kotler and Baloglu, 2017). 

The Centre of Venice shows the city is declining it has catasrophobic houses, the shops are being shut. The citizens of Venice do not provide their property on rent to the Venice people and also the citizens are paying for those damages which incurred in the city which is caused by the ships. The people those who own houses in the Venice provide their property to tourists as they want to rent the apartments on weekly or monthly basis rather than providing it to the Venice people. The people those who acquire houses on rent or lease them have to pay a huge sum of amount to the landlord for a small place which does not even satisfy their requirements.

The tourists pay more money for the apartments rather than the regular tenants which are the main reason they do not rent out the place to local and people are fighting a huge fight for making a peaceful living. The transportation system is mainly in the form of boats and people do not use the public transportation like buses etc (Wilson and Harris, 2012).

The infrastructure of the city is declining and people are having crucial time to make a better living for themselves as their way increase in the business of accommodation services private rentals and there are more souvenir stores instead of various small shops which sell in different line of business. The expansion of business in regards with private rental has been increased as compare to other sources of accommodations and local people are facing critical issues. The public properties are turned into the hotels and locals have been moved to other places and even the older people are living in the old age homes (Arcodia and Dickson, 2013).   

The locals are having hard time in owning the apartments in Venice and the situation is leading to on an average every 2 people leaving the city. People are leaving city and looking for other options to make a better living and even adopting those options which does not have proper services in the apartments. The rates of properties are way high which general public cannit afford it. The most of the private rentals are owned by the single owner and according to the research monopoly holder is Air bnb (Seraphin and Pilato, 2018).

The other problem is guides which are telling tourist’s information but does not have any sort of permits to regulate their operations. There are numerous guides who are dealing with tourists on regular basis without license that is illegal and this problem has spread into a wider level. 

Identify and discuss who should be responsible for rectifying issues that you have identified?  Why? Explain your reasoning.

The government of Venice is accountable for solving the issues which are arising in the Venice and how the Tourism is making life difficult of their won city persons. Tourism is that industry which increases the cash inflow and outflow in the economy and that is even necessary as it tends to contribute in the development of economy.  In contrast with this there is no development rather than it contributes in making the people’s lives more crucial and they have to find ways for sustainability.

The tourism department should provide rules and regulations for the private rental and accommodation services in a way which provides few benefits to the local Venice people. In comparison with hotels private accommodation are cheap that’s the only reason tourist prefer these accommodation. The government should put rules regarding the putting property as private rental require certain license from the government which also contain few clause which will be in the benefit of other people (Massiani and Santoro, 2012). 

The City Council of Venice has taken the Initiative and started the campaign “Respect Venice” which concludes the banning public squares, feeding the pigeons if someone doesn’t follow the same has to pay fine. No one paid attention to the campaign and people started ignoring it for the same and even it leads to behavioural issues from tourists related to every matter and they started creating nuisance.

There is another group which is known as “Citizens Action Group” this group helps people to find those places which are unoccupied so that they can have a better living. They focus on those houses which are abandoned from a longer duration we can say maybe 10 years but the conditions of the house are not up to the mark in which a person can pursue the living which requires reconstruction (Minoia, 2017). These houses are termed as the subsidized public houses which are owned by the government as people pay taxes to the government and they take from these places. These houses are not provided to the local as tenants as they do not have basic facilities and the mainly population which is affected by these are single mothers, students, old people etc.

Discuss how the Italian government could have resolved identified issues. Justify your answer

The government of Venice has never taken the necessary steps in these years even after knowing the whole problem or issue which have been prevailing in the Venice and how much people of Venice are facing problems towards the same. There are various organisations and campaigns have taken place for the betterment of general public. If these campaigns have got the support from the government it leads to the change of situation and the people would be having proper space for living. 

The city councillor of Tourism of Venice told that Venice has been in debt from last 800years tourism in the only which helps in overcoming the same. They cannot provide subsidiaries to the general public to ensure there when they have the resources but they put more emphasis on removing that debt instead of the future of general public (Morrison, 2013).

Suggest at least three recommendations to overcome such issues in the future by providing examples from other countries that have successfully managed over tourism related issues.

The major recommendations are that government has to necessary steps towards the ship that enters into the Venice and have tendency to cause major destructions in the monuments of Venice by enforcing the law and order and also there should be some sort of fee and penalty include with destruction which is caused by them.

The another one is tourism department should ensures the private rental accommodation have proper license to provide their places to tourists as it creates affect in the economy (Gorrini and Bertini, 2018). 

The tourism departments also ensures the guides which are providing services have proper license and permit to proceed their services as there are many fake are evolving in the city and charging the tourist which means it causes huge loss in the terms of money and business (Chilembwe and Mweiwa, 2014).

For Example: Paris is always been a tourist attraction every time it has ample amount of tourists those who are visiting the city but it never affects the population of Paris. Through the tourists they tend to earn more money which helps in development and growth of the Paris.

Conclusion

In this report we have summarized about the problems which are creating huge impact in the lives of Venice people and at the same they are surrounded with numerous problems. The beautiful Venice has numerous tourists but at the same these tourist has become the pain for local Venice people. The people those have property does not give those space on rent to tenants which is making their living impossible in the Venice. This report also concludes about the involvement of government in the situation which Venice is facing on a regular basis.

References

1. Arcodia, C. and Dickson, C., 2013. Tourism field studies: Experiencing the carnival of Venice. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 25(3), pp.146-155.
2. Chilembwe, J.M. and Mweiwa, V.I.C.T.O.R., 2014. Tour guides: Are they tourism promoters and developers? Case study of Malawi. International Journal of Research in Business Management, 2(9), pp.29-46.
3. Gorrini, A. and Bertini, V., 2018. Walkability assessment and tourism cities: the case of Venice. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 4(3), pp.355-368.
4. Kotler, P., Bowen, J.T., Makens, J. and Baloglu, S., 2017. Marketing for hospitality and tourism.
5. Massiani, J. and Santoro, G., 2012. The relevance of the concept of capacity for the management of a tourist destination: Theory and application to tourism management in Venice. Rivista Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, 66(2), pp.141-156.
6. Minoia, P., 2017. Venice reshaped? Tourist gentrification and sense of place. In Tourism in the City (pp. 261-274). Springer, Cham.
7. Morrison, A.M., 2013. Marketing and managing tourism destinations. Routledge.
8. Seraphin, H., Sheeran, P. and Pilato, M., 2018. Over-tourism and the fall of Venice as a destination. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 9, pp.374-376.
9. Wilson, E., Small, J. and Harris, C., 2012. Editorial introduction: Beyond the margins? The relevance of critical tourism and hospitality studies. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 19.