Project assessment

Criteria

Unit code and name

HLTENN007 | Administer and monitor medicines and intravenous therapy

Qualification/Course code and name

HLT54115 | Diploma of Nursing

Student details

Student Number

Student name

SARA JABEEN

Assessment declaration

Note: If you are an online student, you will be required to complete this declaration on the TAFE NSW online learning platform when you upload your assessment.

This assessment is my original work and has not been:

plagiarised or copied from any source without providing due acknowledgement.
written for me by any other person except where such collaboration has been authorised by the Teacher/Assessor concerned.

Student signature and date

Version: 20210901

For queries, please contact:

Health, Wellbeing and Community Services SkillsPoint

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QUEANBEYAN NSW 2620

This assessment can be found in the: Learning Bank

The contents in this document is copyright © TAFE NSW 2021, and should not be reproduced without the permission of the TAFE NSW. Information contained in this document is correct at time of printing: 8 August 2023. For current information please refer to our website or your teacher as appropriate.

Assessment instructions

Assessment details	Instructions
Assessment overview	The objective of this assessment is to assess your knowledge of: · Forms of medication and how they are handled and administered · Pathophysiology related to medicine groups · Drugs common used for fluid and electrolyte imbalance · How to transport, store, handle, check and dispose blood and blood products safely.
Assessment Event number	3 of 6
Instructions for this assessment	This is a project-based assessment that assesses your knowledge of the unit. This assessment is in two parts: 1. Research-based project 2. Blood Safe eLearning And is supported by: Assessment feedback. Note: This assessment may contain links to external resources. If a link does not work, copy and paste the URL directly into your browser.
Submission instructions	On completion of this assessment, you are required to submit it to your Teacher/Assessor for marking. Note that Part 2 of this assessment is an online training course. On completion you are required to submit your statement of attainment. Where possible, submission and upload of all required assessment files should be via the TAFE NSW online learning platform. It is important that you keep a copy of all electronic and hardcopy assessments submitted to TAFE and complete the assessment declaration when submitting the assessment.
What do I need to do to achieve a satisfactory result?	To achieve a satisfactory result for this assessment all questions must be answered correctly. If your assessment is not satisfactory you will be provided with feedback and asked to resubmit responses to those questions you answered incorrectly within two weeks, unless otherwise agreed with the Head Teacher where there are extenuating circumstances.
What do I need to provide?	Computer and/or pens and paper, internet access if submitting assessment online, ability to print or email completed assessment, learning notes, student ID. Optional recommended textbook: Freshwater, D and Maslin-Prothero, S.E. (2013) Blackwell’s Nursing Dictionary, 2nd Edition, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Sydney.
What will the Teacher/Assessor provide?	Prescribed textbooks: TAFE NSW. (2017). Medication Administration for Nurses. Orange: VETRes Koutoukidis, G, Stainton, K (2021) Tabbner’s Nursing Care (8th ed.) Elsevier, Chatswood (e-textbook). Computers with online learning platform and resources, printed copy of assessment, reading lists, policies or guidelines, assessment guidance and feedback.
Due date	Teacher/Assessor to complete as per assessment schedule.
Time allowed	About 12 hours to complete this assessment (indicative only): Part 1: 8 hours Part 2: 4 hours.
Supervision	This is an unsupervised assessment and will be conducted in the classroom or as a take home assessment. You will be able to access notes or other resources.
Assessment feedback, review or appeals	In accordance with the TAFE NSW policy Manage Assessment Appeals, all students have the right to appeal an assessment decision in relation to how the assessment was conducted and the outcome of the assessment. Appeals must be lodged within 14 working days of the formal notification of the result of the assessment. If you would like to request a review of your results or if you have any concerns about your results, contact your Teacher/Assessor or Head Teacher. If they are unavailable, contact the Student Administration Officer. Contact your Head Teacher/Assessor for the assessment appeals procedures at your college/campus.

Part 1: Research based

Using the template provided, answer the following questions supported with research evidence using relevant resources including textbooks and reputable internet sources. Once completed you will need to submit this assessment to your assessor for marking.

Complete the following table for the drug schedules of the NSW Poisons and Therapeutic Goods Act by providing a definition for each schedule, two examples of drugs that are classified under each schedule and correct administration and handling procedures. The links below will assist you with this response.

Medication Handling in NSW Public Health Facilities URL: https://share.tafensw.edu.au/share/items/ae11248f-c56e-48b0-b482-675b91c65e40/0/?attachment.uuid=3fa5340e-3f01-4f2a-9644-85b98a1dc512

Poisons Standard June 2021 URL: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2021L00650

Schedule	Definition	Two examples	Correct administration and handling
Schedule 2	These is very effective drugs and must be consumed as per the direction of the doctor and one must not take this without the prescription of the doctor.	Cocaine Morphine	Less strict in comparison with the schedule 1 drug and easy to handle in comparison with the schedule one drug must be used under the guidance.
Schedule 3	In comparison with the schedule 2 drugs, theses are less harmful. Use for different purposes such as injuries, illness etc.	Ketamine Anabolic steroids	These are generally used for the medication purposes
Schedule 4	This are normally those drugs which are came in the general prescription of medication and patient is at very low risk while using it.	Alprazolam (Xanax) Clonazepam (Klonopin)	These are generally used for the medication purposes
Schedule 4D	This are listed in appendix B as this these restricted drugs as they contain different steroidal agents within it.	Bolandiol, Benzphetamine.	This must be handled with care and with proper medical guidance.
Schedule 8	These are the drugs which are generally having a high risk of misuse and abuse. These are actually prescription medicines for the recognised need.	fentanyl, pethidine.	Must behandel with precautions as their chances of misuse is high (Jin, et al., 2015).

Complete the following table to explain how each form of medication is handled and administered.

Form of medication 1a. Capsules
How are they handled?	when the capital came out from the packaged must be consumed as soon as possible because getting in contact with air can damage the capsule my causing different reaction (Hammoudi, et al., 2018).
How are they administered?	Capsules are the kind of medication which must be swallowed whole with water or milk as per the advice

Form of medication 1b. Drops – Ophthalmic, otic and nasal
How are they handled?	The drops must be put as per the advice and must not exclude from the number of drops that has been advised send it became very important to make sure that the drop doesn’t come in contact magic hand mobile putting it
How are they administered?	just put them Max per the instructions provided without got in contact with hand so that it doesn’t get infected (You, et al., 2015).

Form of medication 1c. Inhalants – MDI and nebulised
How are they handled?	It became very important at the inland switch r news are accurate MSG I will take for the instructions (Wang, et al., 2015).
How are they administered?	As the name already suggest inhalants are those items which needed to be inhaled and thats why it became very important take the medication as per the advice the doctor

Form of medication 1d. Liquids
How are they handled?	Try to make sure that when you are refusing the any kind of medicines you must be in sitting position rather than laying down for the better working of the medicine move
How are they administered?	this type of medication is totally in liquid form which can be consume directly as per the instructions

Form of medication 1e. Lotions and Creams
How are they handled?	lotion and cream Must be handled for the instructions as use gloves or clean the hand before applying the cream over any part for the person which is needed the treatment
How are they administered?	These are available in the jail home and must be only use daddy point or the spot of treatment as per the suggestion of the doctors

Form of medication 1f. Ointments – Topical, eye ointment
How are they handled?	Before and after the use of the ointment wash the hand very carefully show that there is no kind of medication which can go inside the body by the mean of touching food item
How are they administered?	Sit back in your comfortable position, Pull the lead of the eye, apply ointment in the eye this is how you administer eye ointment

Form of medication 1g. Patches
How are they handled?	Take out the pictures from the pouch no tears the protective layer put it by the days if side on the skin let it rest for sometime make sure that it covered the full area
How are they administered?	The method which is used in the administration of the patches Rs follows Budapest on the dry unheard skin which is also clean and be careful about the rashes has never put patches over lashes cuts.

Form of medication 1h. Powders – Oral and dry powder inhalants
How are they handled?	it became very important that powder doesn’t get mix with anything
How are they administered?	There are different kind of powder as per the need for example dry powder inhaler can be used as by adding some amount of powder in the inhaler add inhale slowly.

Form of medication 1i. Tablets – Oral and sublingual
How are they handled?	after removing from the packaging it requires to take as soon as possible to make sure that it doesn’t get infected because of the air reaction or anything else out the bacteria from your hand etcetera
How are they administered?	Tablets and capsules are very similar in their administration as they both can take with the water as per the instruction of the doctors

Form of medication 1j. Wafers
How are they handled?	Handle it with care as per the direction make sure that it doesn’t get infected with douter surrounding so that it can perform its duty very well
How are they administered?	For taking the wafer into the mouth calling procedure needed to be follow which is As peal it out from the colour packaging Now take the paper out put the way for in mouth and it will dissolve directly and then swallow

Form of medication 1k. Suppositories – Rectal and vaginal
How are they handled?	There is a high need of cleanliness
How are they administered?	To use the equipment add the vagina put it gently as much you can don’t feel uncomfortable in flash add playing add many dance push Suppository in after that just easily removed the applicator flags for a few minutes let the medication absorb

Brief:

Complete the following table by identifying the correct pathophysiology/action of each medication group.

Research and findings:

No	Medication Group	Pathophysiology /Action
1.	Anaesthetics	It is used to numb a part of the body the whole person.
2.	Analgesia including narcotic analgesia	It is used to provide relief from severe to moderate pain.
3.	Antacids	This medicines neutralise the acids present in the stomach.
4.	Antianginals	This medicine is used for the treatment of angina pectoris, which is a symptom of heart disease.
5.	Antianxiety	It is used to treat anxiety or anxiety disorder (Mehdi, et al., 2018).
6.	Anti-arrhythmics	It is used to treat heart beat or rhythms that is too fast or irregular.
7.	Antibiotics	It is used for treating bacterial infection by killing the bacteria of a particular region.
8.	Anticholinergics	These drugs are used to treat multiple conditions including overactive bladder and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder.
9.	Anticoagulants	It is used for curing or preventing blood clots. It is helpful for people having strokes or heart attacks.
10.	Anticonvulsants	It is used to treat epileptic seizure. It is also helpful to treat bipolar disorder.
11.	Anti-depressants	It is used to treat depression. It helps to cure the symptoms of depression or anxiety disorder.
12.	Antidiarrhoeals	It is used to treat symptoms of diarrhoea.
13.	Antiemetics	It is used to prevent vomiting and nausea.
14.	Antifungals	It is used to treat fungal infections.
15.	Antihistamines	It is used to treat allergies and its symptoms.
16.	Anti-hypertentives, including ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers and diuretics	It is used to treat hypertension, heart failure, kidney failure and diabetes etc. It is also used to reduce the risk of stroke.
17.	Anti-inflammatory	It is used to reduce inflammation and pain of all types.
18.	Anti-neoplastics	This drug is used to treat cancer. It is also known as chemotherapy, anti cancer or cytotoxin etc.
19.	Anti-parkinsonion	It is a drug that is used to treat Parkinson disease.
20.	Antipruritic	It is used to treat itchy skin and other condition that can cause repeated scratching.
21.	Antipsychotics/neuroleptics	It is a medication that is used to treat psychiatric conditions.
22.	Antiseptics	It is used to slow down the growth of microorganism and is often used in during surgery to reduce the risk of infection.
23.	Antiulcer	It is used to treat acid peptic diseases.
24.	Antivirals	It is used to treat certain viral infection and is affective on certain viruses.
25.	Anxiolytics	It is used to treat anxiety disorders or anxiety symptoms.
26.	Hormones	It is the chemical messenger of the body that travels through blood.
27.	Hypnotics, sedatives	It is used to reduce anxiety by calming effect and produce sleeping effect.
28.	Hypoglycaemics	It is used to treat diabetes by providing the supply of insulin.
29.	Insulin	It is a hormone that is created by pancreas to control the level of glucose in the body.
30.	Bronchodilators	This is a medicine that makes breathing easier.
31.	Electrolyte solutions	It is used to relish the lost ions, atoms and molecules.
32.	Laxatives/aperients	It is used to prevent constipation. It increases bowel movements.
33.	Ophthalmic	It is used to treat eye disorders.
34.	Otic medications	It is used to treat the conditions of middle and external ear.
35.	Nasal medications	It is used to treat the symptoms to allergies and diseases related to the nose.
36.	Contraceptives	It is used to prevent pregnancy.
37.	Corticosteroids	It is used to provide relief for the parts of the body that are inflamed.
38.	Vitamins	It is used to keep the body healthy by resisting infections and diseases.

Complete the following table to explain how medication is administered via the following routes.

Route	Administration method
a) Subcutaneous injection using pre-loaded syringes or pens	It is a simple method sandwich syringes hold like paneer pencil in very similar manner second step is to pinch the skin and then put the needle into the veins in similar to dot like motion you can prefer the angle
b) Subcutaneous intramuscular (ventrogluteal) injection	These are the injection which are used for putting the medication into deep into the muscles because there is a heavy blood flow compared to the external section of muscles has been observed internal section has more blood flow
c) Intramuscular injection using the Z-track technique	It is a kind of im injection technique which is known as that track math hard this is basically helps to leakage prevention of the fluid medication inside that issue (Machowska, & Stålsby Lundborg, 2019).
d) Enteral feeding tubes	Internal feeding tubes as the name suggests it is a tube that is used to provide the necessary items inside the body why the mean of tube SN patient is incapable of doing this method is used and the equipment for delivering the items inside the body Teri ma Ki Khushboo
e) Peripheral IV infusion (adding medications to IV fluids)	This method is very simple the main component what is needle and cathode needle inserted into the pen run cat at the right spot needle gets out crackers cabs in the position which are blood veins.
f) IV injections	5 injection has 2 components needle indicator gently put the Catherine to the blood veins vipin sing by scan and when at gate at the right spot remove the needle and the Courier will be at the desired location for doing be necessary medication.

Complete the following table to explain how the following items assist with IV medication administration.

Method	Function
a) Gravity	It is a medical device by the help of it the delivery of medication body part line is capable the procedure for it is the medication put under the bag hang on Stein and pressures of the gravity do the work add a safe and study right
b) Piggy back	In this setup and external Ivy side is used and connected with the primary tubing have a solution of a days basically prepared in pharmacy
c) Syringe driver	it is a medical device message battery in it workforce usually 24 hours dhanada medication into syringe that is a test driver and that move longer in syringe forward we predetermine rate
d) Electronic pump infusion	It is a medical device we generally used for delivering the fluid such as the medication and different sort of nutrition in a very controlled manner in patients body
e) Burette	Direct provide the port for the injection to add the medication into the fluid. The meaning behind the use of the bride is it gives the fine control volume of fluid
f) Subcutaneous lines	Switch generally helps in medication delivery along with it decreases many things such as distress trauma and most importantly discomfort to the patient
g) Bolus	In short term it can be explained as injection which is rapidly used for medication it is a kind of cylinder insert indicator for very rapid action are sending the medication for the first time into the blood stream before normal IV (Giuliano, 2018).

Reference list:

Giuliano, K. K. (2018). Intravenous smart pumps: usability issues, intravenous medication administration error, and patient safety. Critical Care Nursing Clinics, 30(2), 215-224.

Hammoudi, B. M., Ismaile, S., & Abu Yahya, O. (2018). Factors associated with medication administration errors and why nurses fail to report them. Scandinavian journal of caring sciences, 32(3), 1038-1046.

Jin, J. F., Zhu, L. L., Chen, M., Xu, H. M., Wang, H. F., Feng, X. Q., … & Zhou, Q. (2015). The optimal choice of medication administration route regarding intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous injection. Patient preference and adherence, 9, 923.

Machowska, A., & Stålsby Lundborg, C. (2019). Drivers of irrational use of antibiotics in Europe. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(1), 27.

Mehdi, Y., Létourneau-Montminy, M. P., Gaucher, M. L., Chorfi, Y., Suresh, G., Rouissi, T., … & Godbout, S. (2018). Use of antibiotics in broiler production: Global impacts and alternatives. Animal nutrition, 4(2), 170-178.

Wang, H. F., Jin, J. F., Feng, X. Q., Huang, X., Zhu, L. L., Zhao, X. Y., & Zhou, Q. (2015). Quality improvements in decreasing medication administration errors made by nursing staff in an academic medical center hospital: a trend analysis during the journey to Joint Commission International accreditation and in the post-accreditation era. Therapeutics and clinical risk management, 11, 393.

You, M. A., Choe, M. H., Park, G. O., Kim, S. H., & Son, Y. J. (2015). Perceptions regarding medication administration errors among hospital staff nurses of South Korea. International journal for Quality in health care, 27(4), 276-283.

Part 2: Blood Safe Elearning

This is a national online training course developed by BloodSafe eLearning Australia on behalf of all Australian Governments. You must complete this training course at TAFE NSW and then submit the certificate of attainment to your assessor.

The online course consists of the following training modules on how to transport, store, handle, check and dispose blood and blood product:

Patient Blood Management Essentials

At the end of each training module there is an online assessment you must complete. Each assessment comprises six questions related to the content of that module. The six questions for each module will be drawn from a larger pool of questions and will not be identical for each student, but they will address the same content matter. Once you have submitted your responses online you will automatically receive your result. All modules must be completed.

Please follow the link below to complete this part of the assessment.

Blood safe

URL: https://learn.bloodsafelearning.org.au/login

Assessment feedback

NOTE: This section must have the Teacher/Assessor and student signature to complete the feedback. If you are submitting through the TAFE NSW online learning platform, your Teacher/Assessor will give you feedback via the platform.

Assessment outcome

☐ Satisfactory

☐ Unsatisfactory

Assessor feedback

☐ Has the assessment declaration for this assessment event been signed and dated by the student?

☐ Are you assured that the evidence presented for assessment is the student’s own work?

☐ Was reasonable adjustment in place for this assessment event?

If yes, ensure it is detailed on the assessment document.

Comments:

Assessor name, signature and date

Student acknowledgement of assessment outcome

Would you like to make any comments about this assessment?

Student name, signature and date