A1- Cross Impact Analysis – Infosys

Infosys is an IT services & consulting which is incorporated in 1981 and company was established in the market by N.R Narayana Murthy and had a starting capital of $250. This company now have a great influence in the market of the capital and now have great root worldwide with a great impact on the economy.

Vision

The ultimate vision of the company is to be globally respected and provides the best-of-breed business and leverage with the technology that will be the best in demand.

Mission

The objective of the company is to keep the environment fair and always try to serve with honesty towards the employees, clients and society.

The brand value that it is now with the increase in the marketing strategy to make its brand value at the international level with the increase of the investment in infrastructure, HR, technology and networking that make the company reach more heights with the increase in the attracting the best talent from all around and appropriately using their resources.

Cross-impact analysis

This cross-impact analysis of Infosys is done through the impact of the various event that occur recently worldwide and these impacts have both positive and negative impacts on the company with this there are also many factors on which there is also impacting most of the IT companies and those factors impact.

Various factors impact the company the positive factors are

1. Technological Impact: There is the generation of innovation of the technology which is going forward and positive direction as there innovation which is taking place in the company with keeping the factors of the environment in mind and the continuous development of the factors in the company have boosted the production and the margin of the services that have a large impact globally.
2. Economic Factors: This is a very important factor that is largely responsible for the development of the company and this will help in making the company grow positively. There is also when the company started there is starting amount will be $250 but now it has more than a billion$ which has impacted the development of the infrastructure in various regions also there is the global reach of the company and this helped make more brand value of the company (Ghasemian et al., 2020, p2(2)).
3. Social Factor: The company has its vision and objective for the social development of the people by providing opportunities of the market. This will be achieved by the company through various policies and statements. Infosys provides skill training for the better progress of the people by learning through the skills and this make them a more reliable human resource for digital and IT. Infosys uses the technology with the skills of the people for their development and also provides more reliable solutions for the development and empowerment of people through the various programs of education and healthcare.
4. Environment impact: The recent crisis of COVID that have a great impact on the IT sector of the company which is results in negative growth of the IT sector because there is a complete lockdown there is complete stoppage of development in all the sectors due to which there is no innovation and advancement of the technology and hindrance of the technological advancement there is also a hindrance in the IT sector growth. But after there is also keeping in mind the impact of the carbon footprint that will need to be used in the policies of the company. The policies for climate change and the leverage in the technology with the support of the technology with the transition in the climate change with respect to minimizing the carbon footprint for a healthy environment.

The ambition of the company is to maintain the neutrality of the carbon footprint with the progress of technological use in the company. There are policies for the reduction of the scope of greenhouse gases by 75%. Infosys always have the approach for the clients that there will be a proper awareness of climate change and the impact of the climate.

Infosys has waste management policies for the company so that there will be proper management of the waste and the impact on the environment can be reduced. The company aims to use the 3Rs of the waste management of the IT solution including e-waste. There is also the ambition of ensuring zero waste for the landfill.

Governance Impact: Infosys has a vision that serves the interest of all the stakeholders through the values of the company. The corporate governance of Infosys that be a leader in the world-class IT sector. The privacy of the data was very highlighted recently there is always a point of discussion about data protection, companies have the ensuring the safety of the data of a stakeholder with the ambition of adopting the data privacy standards of data across the global operation of the company.

The information management of the company upholds the trust of the stakeholders with the ambition of the recognized information security of practice by providing genuine information of the source with the technological advancement of the company (Patra & Das 2021, p20(4)).

The policies of the legal and legislation need to be followed and need updates with the proper and according to the rules and regulations for the smooth running of the company. The policies which need to be followed should be changed and adapted to the conditions that are prevailing mostly in the company. The Privacy of Data Act that is must be added for the interest of the stakeholders and clients that must not be leaked and cannot be breached by the management. The policies of the IT sector and telecommunication must be required to be followed with the vision of the organization and there will be the implementation of the policies within the proper and given timeframe.

The ambition of the company is to belief in the IT market which must be required to have an analysis of the impact of the daily analysis of events that can impact the company and changes which are required with the technological advancement also there is a need to be changed in the policies which must be adopted with the targeted market of the IT Sector. For the progress of the company, it is important to adapt to the impact and also needs to be changed according to the conditions of the market that must be needed to become more prominent the market (Patra & Das 2021, p20(6)).

The factor which also needs to be analyzed is the behavior of the competitors which needs to be analyzed and the marketing strategies of the brands of competitors must be required for this there is analysis should be done through the continuous improvement of the company. Learning from the competition required a piece of knowledge and always having a mind of creating opportunities in the mind of the company.

The SWOT Analysis of Infosys

The SWOT analysis of the company is important for the company as there is includes all the factors that are needed the providing the best outcome from the company and their resources. The impact of the SWOT is very positive this is done through proper surveys and also SWOT analysis of the company helps in making the policies in more professional ways with the implementation.

1. Strength of the Infosys
2. The company is becoming the leading leader among IT companies by building a solid image by delivering effective and accurate services.
3. Companies have well-defined services that are very diversified in nature and capability.

iii. It has approximately 1,56,668 full-time employees delivering services with the presence of globally (Meena 2019, p1(1)).

1. Infosys always focus on innovation and always have dedicated about $100M for the support of innovative ideas.
2. Infosys have an impact on pre-existing clients and 98% of the business is with existing clients this suggests that the company has a strong relationship with the clients by providing better & effective services.
3. Weakness of the Infosys
4. There is weakness in the leadership that always creates problems for the company and this results in the lack of a meeting of the investor’s expectations.
5. There is declining in the growth of the company the Gross margin has declined to 37% which impacts the growth of the company (Kanagaraj and Anusha 2017, p3(2)).

iii. In the field of business there is lower utilization of the services and this creates pressure on the management of the company.

3. Opportunities for the Infosys
4. As the innovation is going on there is the emergence of new technology like cloud data and also there is big data and also data security and privacy which must be analyzed and taken steps to capture the market.
5. In recent times there is an opportunity in the product and platform base which can grow up to 12% in nearby future with positive intention (Panigrahi and Joshi 2016, p4(2)).

iii. Infosys need to acquire more infrastructure for the company and promote more innovation so that the company can tackle more growth in the IT sector.

4. Threat to the Infosys
5. global economy is recovering with high priority but the economy of Australia is not recovering with that speed so there is a lack of the economy and resources for technology.
6. There is also a threat of high competition in the market.

B1-Product life cycle-Amazon

Product life cycle

All the successful product that is being seen on Amazon show the three most common traits which are as follows product review, product rating, product ranking in the particular category of product. These are briefly explained below for a better understanding of the product. meaning of product lifecycle theory is suggesting the total time frame or the length of the time which includes the initial stage also known as the introduction to the end stage of the product which is the phase of decline or the period when the product gets disappears from the market. The most basic four stages which are being included in the process are as follows –  Introduction, Growth, Maturity and the last one is Decline, all of these phases have been described below with in-depth knowledge from every perspective about the product. The reason companies or the different organizations who launch their product use this strategy is to maintain the existing product by doing the necessary changes in it and with time to time upgradation in it along with preparing for the new product as the old product has got to its decline phase and can get discontinued any time the planning for the removing of the leftover stocks and introducing the new stock can be adjusted if the product lifecycle is available (CONTUK, 2018 p6(3)).

1 Review of the product – It has been observed that the product with the most reviews are being the choice of the customer as it satisfies there to fear about the product related in regarding different question and user experience of the item, and this lead to the satisfaction of the customer which results in the better rating of the product which is a second thing.

2 Rating of the product – With long data that has been gathered from the time of customer bought the item this has led to providing the result that the customers are more likely to purchase the items which are having a rating of 3.5 or more as this satisfies their overall query and fear of quality and that product who is having a rating of more than 3.5 generally do well as per the data that has been shown till now.

3 Ranking of the product in the category – To understand it better try to have a look at the product with a very low ranking such as less than 60000 or less than this, the product with the lower rand is generally having less competition. And on finding one such product the main goal is to increase the overall sales of that particular item.

The process in which a product is very successful is as follows based on the lifecycle that it has on the platform.

Introduction

This is a new phase and the product is recently launched if the product is having a rating of about or under 60000 then it is nearly okay and indeed is having a chance. The necessary work that has been required here is to promote the product in a manner that there will be demand for it and the promotion of it comes under the introduction in which the first marketing of the product has been done. Making the demand for any product is a difficult job as it has to convince the desired group audience in a manner that it can fight or stand against the product which is being already bought by the people and being liked which is having a separate value in the market, but all the hard work will pay off if the product can make the difference in the market by putting the value in the customer’s life by any mean that must lead to the having the product over the already selling product.

Growth

In this phase when the product of choice is doing great and can do much better things but it has been observed that the other competitors also have noticed this and started to do the same and there is high competition for the product. But this is also the time when the product of choice is in high demand of all time and fine adjustments in the marketing of the product could lead to better results and extend the growth period of the product.

Maturity

This phase of any product is in which it faces the maximum amount of competition from the market along with a lower profit margin as there is an option that is available to the customer at a much better price and that leads to the decrease of the price and which will decrease the growth of the product as it was earlier and it has been observed that it became the buyers’ market at this stage in which the better dealt to the customer is having and this lead to the last stage of any product which is a decline stage.

Decline

This is the last phase of any project in which the product has lost its customer base because of several reasons such as there is a better option available in the market which provides a better service than the item it is and that leads to the situation in which the lowering of the price occurs but it does not affect the customers buying behavior to the major degree and with time it just disappear and lost its base of the customers completely. And when this phase hits the best thing to do is to remove the additional stock which is present at the facility of amazon or from the warehouse amazon it saves the extra charges which are going to make your overall profit in negative terms, avoiding unnecessary fees on the product which is not performing that well is actually making a profit from a broader perspective and to do so just remove that additional load of stock which is been present at the place (CONTUK, 2018 p3(1)).

Trendy and evergreen items

Talking about the evergreen items will provide the picture of the fidget spinner and the wafers in the mind as it is well known that the arrival of these two items has changed the whole market and they are at the top of the items which are being shelled the most for a very long time every one which is entering the business is having the profit fruit (Bhambri, 2015 p1(1)).

Amazon repricing

Pricing is one of the biggest areas in which the product on amazon gets affected and by every means, as of the first stage when the product is new and the introductory price of it could be less for example the first-day selling price of any product but with the time as a customer getting more aware about the product and when the product has reached the second stage increasing the price for creating the maximum amount of profit could be done, but it has been observed that there is a need of continuous change and adjustment for grabbing the customers attention in a way that the demand of the customer is maintained (Michael, 2022 p5(3)).

Product lifecycle management which is also known as PLM in the short form the basic purpose is fulfilled by it is to help the different manufacturers from the industries to increase the overall performance of the product lifecycle management around the world or globally, the most common things that are done by the remote team is developing the product. Considering Amazon is still in the growth phase which means that it is having the maximum amount of profit as the growth phase is the one in which the maximum amount of database of interested customers is available. The reason behind the use of this technique is because the big companies or the different companies who launch their product use this strategy to maintain the existing product by doing the necessary changes in it and with time to time upgradation in it along with preparing for the new product as the old product has got to its decline phase and can get discontinued any time the planning for the removing of the leftover stocks and introducing the new stock can be adjusted if the product lifecycle is available. In short terms, the meaning of product lifecycle theory is suggesting the total time frame or the length of the time which includes the initial stage also known as the introduction to the end stage of the product which is the phase of decline or the period when the product gets disappear from the market. The most basic four stages which are being included in the process are as follows – Introduction, Growth, Maturity and the last one is Decline, all of these phases have been described above (Stark, 2017 p2(3)).

References

Bhambri, S., 2015. Product Life Cycle. International Journal Of Business Management, II (1), pp.1-5 Available at https://www.ijbm.co.in/downloads/vol2-issue1/45.pdf

CONTUK, F.Y., 2018. Product Life Cycle Costing Method: A General Evaluation. Social Sciences Researches in the Globalizing World, p.744. Available at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nihat-Doganalp/publication/329443024_A_Survey_on_Youth_Unemployment_in_the_Axis_of_Turkey’s_Employment_Policy_Chapter_64_-_pp_822-837/links/5c08ce9b4585157ac1ab14f1/A-Survey-on-Youth-Unemployment-in-the-Axis-of-Turkeys-Employment-Policy-Chapter-64-pp-822-837.pdf#page=755

Ghasemian, S., Faridzad, A., Abbaszadeh, P., Taklif, A., Ghasemi, A. and Hafezi, R., 2020. An overview of global energy scenarios by 2040: identifying the driving forces using cross-impact analysis method. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, pp.1-24. Available at https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13762-020-02738-5.pdf

Kanagaraj, M.P. and Anusha, M.R., 2017. A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF INFOSYS LTD. Available at https://eprajournals.com/jpanel/upload/1220am_109.EPRA%20JOURNALS7879.pdf

Meena, M.K., Human Resources Accounting and Organizational Performance: A Study of Infosys Ltd. Available at https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mukesh-Meena-13/publication/357561725_Human_Resources_Accounting_and_Organizational_Performance_A_Study_of_Infosys_Ltd/links/61d4430db8305f7c4b1f5f04/Human-Resources-Accounting-and-Organizational-Performance-A-Study-of-Infosys-Ltd.pdf

Michael, G., 2022. Product lifecycle management. Available at http://14.99.188.242:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/15082/1/Product%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Driving%20the%20Next%20Generation%20of%20Lean%20Thinking%20by%20Michael%20Grieves.pdf

Panigrahi, C.M.A. and Joshi, V., 2016. Study of job satisfaction and its implications for motivating employees at Infosys. Strategy–the Journal for Management Development, 14. Available at https://deliverypdf.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=596097013121101021065121007127118066063063059088049089096028120108100081088002093064036119005126028023035010066000007012078031114034029069015074021096075083118073088062043066066127096031074019001083126069125090080122091091004116093075116107123020013094&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE

Patra, S. and Das, J., 2021. Impact of Covid-19 on corporate governance: A case study on Bajaj Finance Ltd and Infosys. Shanlax International Journal of Management, 8(4), pp.17-23. Available at https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1a61/f5a4b6f1cfce0981c64b16ecf8885fd4910f.pdf

Shahmarichatghieh, M., Tolonen, A. and Haapasalo, H., 2015, May. Product life cycle, technology life cycle and market life cycle; similarities, differences and applications. In Technology, Innovation and Industrial Management Joint International Conference (pp. 1143-1151). Available at https://www.academia.edu/download/50633792/technology_life_cycle.pdf

Stark, J., 2017. Product lifecycle management (volume 3): the executive summary. Springer. Available at https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=VdFEDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=product+lifecycle+&ots=9qVo53oGKl&sig=IpXM228x0S1dGPZNjcmS6QV_rVA