Assignment Cover Sheet
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| Unit of Competency | : | BSBOPS502 Manage Business Operational Plans |
| Total Delivery Hours | : | TBA |
| Schedule | : | TBA |
| Cluster/Term | : | TBA |
1. Introduction
Welcome to the learner’s guide for this unit of competency for the qualification BSB50120 Diploma of Business. This guide provides you with essential information on competency standards, delivery plan and schedule, assessment plan, assessment tasks and learning resources for this unit of competency.
The purpose of this learner’s guide is to:
- Provide you with information on delivery schedule and plan of this unit
- Ensure that you understand how students will be assessed in this unit
- Provide information on assessment methods, strategies, and evidence requirements
- Provide information on learning activities and assessment tasks
- List resources which may assist in student learning and assessment tasks
2. Unit Overview
This unit describes the skills and knowledge required to develop and monitor the implementation of operational plans to support efficient and effective workplace practices and organisational productivity and profitability.
The unit applies to individuals who manage the work of others and operate within the parameters of a broader strategic and/or business plans.
Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of this unit, the learner/trainee will be able to;
- Establish operational plan
- Manage resource acquisition
- Monitor and review operational performance
As well as demonstrating the performance criteria, to be assessed as competent, the learner must demonstrate their ability to apply the required knowledge and skills in a range of situations. These are summarised in the Competency Standards section below.
Prerequisite Requirements
This unit does not have a pre-requisite.
Skill Recognition and Credit Transfer
Appropriate credit(s) may be granted to eligible students against each unit of competency on presentation of evidence of successful completion of the same unit in an equivalent or higher qualification. Under the Australian Qualifications Framework, this qualification recognises competencies achieved as part of a Nationally Recognised Qualification from other institutes or universities.
Students may also apply for Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) by providing evidence that they have the required skills and knowledge in the specific areas of competency through work/industry experience and/or completed eligible assessments in equivalent or higher qualification.
Please refer to college’s RPL/Credit Transfer Policy for more information and applicable procedures. The policy is available either through the faculty coordinator or college’s website.
3. Competency Standards
This unit is derived from the Business Service training package, BSB for the qualification BSB50120 Diploma of Business.
Competency standards for this unit are made up of unit descriptor (As provided in the Unit Overview), performance criteria, required skills, required knowledge, embedded employability skills components, assessment requirements and evidence guide.
They can also be viewed at:
View Unit
The learners must familiarize themselves with all the competency requirements for this unit of competency and ensure that they have received all the relevant information and support from the trainer and assessor that might be detrimental to their academic performance and outcomes.
AQF Descriptor
The Diploma qualifies individuals who apply specialised knowledge in a range of contexts to undertake advanced skilled or paraprofessional work and as a pathway for further learning. Graduates of a Diploma will have specialised and integrated technical and theoretical knowledge with depth within one or more fields of work and learning.
Graduates at this level will have a broad range of cognitive, technical and communication skills to select and apply methods and technologies to:
- Analyse information to complete a range of activities
- Interpret and transmit solutions to unpredictable and sometimes complex problems
- Transmit information and skills to others
Graduates at this level will apply knowledge and skills to demonstrate autonomy, judgement and defined responsibility in contexts that are subject to change and within broad parameters to provide specialist advice and functions.
Performance Criteria
The following performance criteria specify the required level of performance for each of the elements of competency:
| Element | Performance Criteria |
| 1. Establish operational plan | 1.1 Research, analyse and document resource requirements
1.2 Develop operational plan in consultation with, and with approval from, relevant stakeholders 1.3 Develop contingencies for operational plan 1.4 Explain plan to relevant work teams |
| 2. Manage resource acquisition | 2.1 Confirm that employees are recruited and inducted
according to the organisation’s human resources management policies, practices and procedures 2.2 Confirm that physical resources and services are acquired according to the organisation’s policies, practices and procedures 2.3 Identify and incorporate requirements for intellectual property rights and responsibilities related to acquisition of resources |
|
3. Monitor and review operational performance |
3.1 Assess progress of operational plan in achieving profit and productivity plans and targets 3.2 Identify areas of under-performance, recommend solutions and rectify the situation 3.3 Plan and implement relevant processes for ongoing monitoring and confirm that support is provided for individuals and teams 3.4 Negotiate recommendations for variations to operational plans and gain approval from designated persons |
Performance Evidence
Evidence of the ability to:
- Manage an operational plan for at least one business or work area. In the course of the above, the candidate must:
- Develop and implement an operational plan using a variety of information sources and consultation including:
- Resource requirements
- Key performance indicators
- Monitoring processes
- Contingency plans
- Communicate with stakeholders to explain the plan and supporting information, seek approvals, negotiate variations and engage work teams
- Confirm existence of relevant strategies, including strategies relating to:
- Recruiting, inducting and developing personnel
- Acquiring physical resources and services
- Protecting intellectual property
- Making variations to the plan
- Monitoring and documenting performance.
Knowledge Evidence
To complete the unit requirements safely and effectively, the individual must:
- Stakeholders involved in development and management of operations plan including escalation points, colleagues and specialist resource managers
- Key information sources for proposal development and presentation including resource requirement specialists
- Consultation processes
- Content of operational plans, including:
- Procurement processes
- Employee recruitment and induction strategies
- Physical resource and service acquisition strategies
- Key indicators of organisational performance
- Budget and actual financial relating to profit and productivity
- Methods for preparing operational plans and contingency plans
- Role of an operational plan in achieving an organisation’s objectives
- Procedures and records associated with documenting performance
- Approaches for developing key performance indicators to meet business objectives
- Legislative and regulatory framework relating to the development and implementation of operational plan of the organisation, including:
- Fair trading laws
- Work health and safety
- Organisational policies, practices and procedures that relate to the operational plan.
4. Delivery Plan
Delivery is in the form of instructor-led, classroom-based training sessions supported by simulated learning and/or project sessions. Within the class room environment, delivery is supported by classroom-based activities, tasks, lectures and structured lessons. Strategies for classroom-based learning focus on development of skills and underpinning knowledge through practice, formative tasks, interaction, discussion, reading, feedback, and practical examples of the theory.
Delivery Arrangement
The unit will be delivered over a prescribed period (term/semester) in a class-room training environment through a structured learning program comprising of (but not limited to) lectures, presentations, case studies, practical projects, group discussion and class-room based activities. Delivery schedule of this unit of competency is provided at the beginning of this guide. Timetables will be advised at the beginning of each academic term and posted on the notice board and college’s website.
It is expected that training/learning sessions will incorporate group/collaborative activities and tasks that are relevant to the learning and evidence outcomes in this unit. The emphasis of learning, where possible, will be on linking theoretical concepts and models with real-life situations to provide the learners with an opportunity to gain an insight into key technological processes, professional environment and workplace practices.
Delivery Conditions
- Learners are required to attend the prescribed delivery sessions, in particular where assessment plan, schedule, projects, and in-class activities and tasks are planned
- On commencement, the learners should review and understand all the course related information including course structure, prerequisites and competency requirements for each unit of competency
- This unit of competency must be completed within the prescribed duration at the beginning of this document. Due dates for the assessments will be set by respective assessors on commencement of the unit and must be adhered to by all the learners
- The learners have the responsibility to maintain the required attendance and participate in all the in- class activities and assessment/project tasks to be able to develop the required skills and knowledge.
- The learners must keep record of their activities, assessments and research and take an active interest in exploring new concepts and ideas
- On expiry of the prescribed due dates for assessment, the learners will not be able to attempt any assessments or the learning materials and must apply for a course extension. Learners should also refer to other prevailing terms and conditions of delivery and assessment of this course and contact the administration for further information if required.
Lesson Topics and Plan
The following lesson plans are planned for this unit. According to session times, trainers may expand these lesson plans into their own session plans. Trainers must take a special note of the activities planned in the right-hand column. These activities form part of “Formative Assessments”. The formative assessments are not marked (assessed) but they contribute towards learning that prepares them for summative tasks.
The following topics are covered in the classroom training sessions. The topics for this unit include.
The following topics are covered in the classroom training sessions. The topics for this unit include;
| Lesson | Topics | Activities |
| 1 | Unit overview, assessment process, assessment conditions, resources Key definitions and concepts
What are operational plans: Examples Why operational plan? Relevance of operational plans to other plans of the organisation Components of an operational plan Models and methods for operational plans: Examples |
Search and internet and download sample operational plans: Review and understand the structure |
|
2-3 |
Purpose and objectives of an operational plan Difference between an operational and a strategic plan Developing purpose and objectives
Defining outcomes Identifying activities/actions to be delivered Developing implementation schedules Identifying and allocating resources Developing an operational budget Monitoring and maintaining the plan Real-life examples and discussion |
Review of two contrasting operational plans: Discuss specific models and methods Develop strategies for addressing resource requirements |
|
4-5 |
Analyse and document resource requirements
Understanding organisational consultation, feedback and approval processes Developing KPIs to measure operational performance Identifying and remedying under-performing areas Developing and implementing HR strategies Developing and implementing strategies to acquire and use resources Copyright and intellectual property How to maintain copyright How to meet copyright requirements |
Example: KPIs to measure organisational performance Describe budgetary processes in organizations
Discuss examples and forms of IP |
|
6-7 |
Understanding budgeting processes Forecast Vs. actual budgets
Alternative approaches to improving resource usage Eliminating resource inefficiencies and waste Developing contingency plans |
Develop a budget for a simple operation: Training session, camping |
|
8-9 |
Developing mentoring and coaching skills to work with people with poor performance
Developing planning and organisational skills Developing in-house or organisational training plans Evaluating operational plans and writing performance reports |
Case Study discussion: Training and Development at TESCO |
|
10 |
Review and revision Learner Q&A
Unit Evaluation |
Assessment follow up and feedback |
Suggested Learner Resource
Slack N., Brandon-Jones A. and Johnston R., 2016, Operations Management, Pearson
Slack N., Brandon-Jones A. and Johnston R., 2018, Essentials of Operations Management, Pearson
Other Resources and Readings
Krajewski L. J. et. al., 2018, Operations Management: Processes and Supply Chains, Global Edition, Pearson
Baxter R., 2016, Operational Excellence Handbook: A Must Have for Those Embarking on a Journey of Transformation and Continuous Improvement, Lulu.com
Ford B. R., Bornstein J. M., Pruitt P. T., Young E., 2010, The Ernst & Young Business Plan Guide (3rd Ed.,). Wiley
Inc The Staff of Entrepreneur Media, 2015, Write Your Business Plan: Get Your Plan in Place and Your Business off the Ground, Entrepreneur Press
Strategy, Policy and Operational Planning: http://researchbank.swinburne.edu.au/vital/access/manager/Repository/swin:174
Business and Operational Plan Examples: http://www.ontla.on.ca/library/repository/mon/14000/261267.pdf
Referencing Guide
Harvard Referencing Generator:
http://www.harvardgenerator.com
http://www.citethisforme.com/au/referencing-generator/harvard
Misc. Videos and Online Educational Channels (General ref)
List of some of the online educational channels. Search for the relevant topics and concepts.
| Khan Academy Channel | https://www.youtube.com/user/khanacademy |
| #Education | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3yA8nDwraeOfnYfBWun83g |
| TED Talks | https://www.youtube.com/user/TEDtalksDirector/channels |
| TED ED | https://www.youtube.com/user/TEDEducation |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Channel |
https://www.youtube.com/user/MIT |
| Google for Education | https://www.youtube.com/user/eduatgoogle |
| Big Think | https://www.youtube.com/user/bigthink/videos |
| CrashCourse | https://www.youtube.com/user/crashcourse/videos |
| Microsoft Education | https://www.youtube.com/user/Microsoftedu |
| Stanford University Channel | https://www.youtube.com/user/StanfordUniversity/videos |
| Management Skills Courses | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChA8eZO-
WYhdLsv8HlBrJcg/videos |
| Harvard Business Review | https://www.youtube.com/user/HarvardBusiness/videos |
5. Assessment Plan
Assessments for this unit have been developed by taking into account assessment guidelines as provided in the training package and evidence requirements stipulated in this unit of competency. Assessment is an ongoing process of gathering evidence to determine what each student/learner knows, understands and can do in order to inform teaching and support learning of the intended curriculum.
The purposes of this assessment are;
- To collect evidences that demonstrate competency in the performance criteria of the unit and satisfy skill, knowledge and employability skills requirements
- To provide feedback to the learners/trainees indicating the areas of improvement and professional development
- To measure the effectiveness of the delivery plan and evaluate the learning outcomes The required assessment criteria are provided in each assessment task for learner’s information. Assessment Method
Assessment in this unit is based on assessment and evidence guidelines provided in the unit of competency and the training package. The evidence is generated through summative assessment tasks. However, the role of Formative Tasks is crucial in developing the required skills and knowledge in completing the summative tasks. Formative tasks enable the trainers to evaluate their own delivery and adjust their facilitation based on the outcomes from these tasks. The role of formative assessments is to improve learning and adapt to student needs.
These tasks and activities usually take place throughout the unit and planned in accordance with the summative assessment plan/schedule. The formative tasks are generally referred to as “Portfolio” tasks. Portfolio is a collection of all the formative tasks completed during the learning sessions. The portfolio can be used by students as an evidence of participation or example of work completed as part of their learning.
Formative tasks are not assessed.
For summative tasks, the following assessment methods are available to collect the aforementioned evidence to demonstrate satisfactory performance in this unit;
- Written Assessment Tasks
- Practical/Analytical Tasks
- Test/Examinations
- Projects
- Observation
- Integrated Assessment
The Written Assessment Tasks and Tests have been developed to address various parts of Performance Criteria as well as Required Knowledge.
The Practical Tasks are developed to demonstrate competence in Required Skills. These assessment tasks and activities are mostly designed as in-class assessments, enabling the trainers to observe the work being undertaken and completed (i.e. demonstration of a specific/required skill). Practical tasks may also include use of online learning tools, equipment, activities, or use of software. Instructions for practical tasks are generally provided within the task description. However, trainers/assessor may set certain conditions for conducting and observing these tasks.
The Project (Individual or Group based) addresses various aspects of competency standard including Performance Criteria, Required Skills and Employability Skills. The role of the project in assessment strategy is to measure student/trainee competence as a form of Summative Assessment. It demonstrates the efficacy of instructions and learning in the prescribed delivery period by assessing the overall performance of the students/trainees for the purpose of grading/final results.
The Test/Exam is generally designed to test the Required Knowledge component of the unit of competency. It may also be used to reinforce learning and test specific aspects of other part of competency where knowledge of certain processes/procedures is required. A knowledge test may be verbal or written as specified in the task description. Examinations are conducted under set conditions.
Observation forms part of in-class activities, participation in designated group processes, presentation and provides an option where specific skills need to be demonstrated to the assessor.
Some of the assessments in this course may be used as Integrated Assessments; i.e. to use evidence created in one unit/task to determine competency in another unit/task. The concept behind the design of the integrated assessment is to limit repetitive tasks that test the same or similar competency elements in different units of competency.
Optional/Supplementary Assessments
In addition to the above assessment instruments, the following methods can be used, if required, in the context of assessment for this unit of competence, especially in the circumstances where assessment involved components of online learning as well as actual workplace activities and/or performance.
- Workplace Verification through RPL application
- Competency Conversation at completion of the unit
To successfully complete this unit, learners must demonstrate that they have the skills and knowledge needed as indicated in the Competency Standards (2).
Assessment can be both a formative and summative process. Formative assessment is used to provide feedback to students and teachers to promote further learning. Summative assessment contributes to the judgement of student learning for competency/award purposes.
Submission of Work
All the written works must be submitted in a hard copy, and an additional soft/electronic copy if required by the trainer/assessor, with an accompanying “Assessment Cover Sheet”. Each Assessment Cover Sheet should be signed by the student and must contain student details and date of submission. Assessment Cover Sheets are available at the reception.
Material submitted for assessment—Word processed or handwritten assignments, reports, essays, projects, etc. must contain student’s name, ID (if available), address and contact details. Within the context of these assessment tasks, the assessor fulfils the role of client, manager or supervisor, as applicable. Work submitted for “approval” within this context must demonstrate care and attention to detail, such that the student inspires confidence that the work is being undertaken competently.
Where soft copy/electronic files are submitted, students are encouraged to name the files according to established procedure. This would typically include a course or unit code, assessment or submission code, and in the case of multiple files an alphanumeric identifier. Multiple files may also be required to be submitted within an enclosing folder (with similar, appropriate naming conventions) or archive format—e.g. zip or rar.
Follow submission guidelines in each assessment task for specific instructions.
Assessment Tasks and Schedule
The following assessments are planned for this unit;
| # | Assessment Task/Activity | Type | Assessment Method |
| 1 | Review and Analyse a Samples Operational Plan | Individual | Written |
| 2 | Group Project: Develop an Operational plan | Group | Written & Observation |
| 3 | Group Project: Review Operational Performance | Group | Written & Observation |
| 4 | Knowledge Test | Individual | Written Test |
These assessment tasks/activities have been described in detail in the following section. Task schedule to be advised by trainer/assessor based on the lesson and session plans.
6. Assessment Tasks
Assessment Task 1:
| Assessment Task | Review and Analyse a Samples Operational Plan |
| Schedule | TBA |
|
Outcomes Assessed |
Performance Criteria: 1.1, 1.3, 3.1, 3.2 Addresses some elements of required skills and knowledge as shown in the Assessment Matrix |
Description:
An Operational Plan is a detailed action-oriented plan that provides a clear picture of how a team, section or department will contribute to the achievement of the organisation’s strategic goals (FLN). An operational plan could be part of a strategic or a business plan, addressing human resource, physical resource, action items, key performance indicators, and operational budget requirements to achieve the intended goals. A contingency plan often accompanies an operational plan that prepares for alternative actions in case the operational plan meets any obstacles.
With a view to develop an understanding of key components and use of operational plans, you will review and analyse a sample operational in this assessment task. The sample operational plans are actual plans obtained from public domain sources for the purpose of this assessment. Formats and contents of the plan differ from organisation to organisation. However, you will be required to analyse the plan within the context of the following areas;
- Stated goals and objectives
- Key performance areas
- Key performance indicators
- Human resource requirements
- Physical and other resource requirements
- Action plan/task/items
- Budget/cost expectations
- Key responsibilitie
Ensure that your sample plan provides you with enough information to analyse the above components. Your analysis will essentially be based on your understanding and explanation of the plan – what you think about it, its key features, and how, in your view, this plan will help the organisation achieve their strategic objectives. You may also want to visit respective organisation’s website and gather further information to support your analysis/comments.
Please note, merely reiterating the contents of the plan will not be construed as an analysis. Cambridge dictionary defines analysis as the process of breaking up a concept, proposition, linguistic complex, or fact into its simple or ultimate constituents. Accordingly, it will be expected that you will write the analysis in your own words and understanding.
Plan analysis must be word processed and appropriately structured under headings/sub-headings.
Word Limit: There is no work limit for this task. However, it is expected that the analysis will be contained within four to five single-sided A4 sheets with a maximum spacing of 1.5.
This assessment task must be completed during an in-house assessment session in presence of an assessor.
Assessment Criteria
Learner work will be assessed based on the following criteria. Learners have also been provided with this assessment criterion in the “Learner’s Guide” to ensure that they cover all the task requirements. The same criteria are used in the checklists in Section 8 (Learner Competency Records) to record assessment outcome.
The following criteria must be addressed for this task;
- Selected an appropriate business or strategic plan for the task
- Completed the task within a designated assessment session in presence of an assessor
- Addressed all the required areas of analysis
- Analysis reflects understanding of the concept and the components of an operational plan
- Analysis contains a reasonable level of scrutiny and/or inquiry into specific aspects of the plan
- Goals and objectives are analysed for their measurability and viability in the context of the plan
- Explained how the operational plan may align with other strategic or organisational plans
- Identified and analysed key performance areas of the plan
- Where possible, reviewed, summarised and commented on KPIs (if provided in the sample plan)
- Identified and analysed company’s human resource requirements to support the operations
- Identified and analysed company’s physical and other resource requirements to support the
operations
- Action items are noted and analysed for their effectiveness
- Budget and cost expectations are noted and explained for their relative influence on the plan
- Expressed on viewed and summarised key aspects of the plan in own words
- Analysis is appropriately structured and provides a clear and concise breakdown of the plan
Submission Guidelines
Submit:
- Written analysis (Word-processed) with an assignment cover sheet
Learners may also be guided to save the documents/files in a unit submission folder on the server if required. Other submission arrangements (e.g. email) can be arranged as mutually convenient for trainers/assessors and students.
Submission of Task 1
Review Analyse of a samples operational plan:
Billabong is Textile industry and its name is Billabong international limited it is an Australian company its main focus is on surfing and second is producing accessories like backpacks, snowboard and watches with is stated under other product name.
This assessment task is for analysing the operational plan. For that company examine their performance so here is some areas from which company analysis the plan:
Stated goals and objective of the company are:
1) Increasing sale of the products
2) Maintain qualities of their products
3) Broad and expand their brand across the world
4) Maintain and develop best market strategies for building strong their brand.
Key performance areas of the billabong industries are:
1) Growth rate of the current project and brand
2) Revenue growth of the company
3) Client retention rate
4) Profit margin
5) Mainly area is customer satisfaction
6) Elasticity goals
Key performance indicators
1) Technical ability
2) Profit margin
3) Customer retention rate
4) Client satisfaction
5) Revenue from customers
6) Revenue growth (Rakhshani, et al., 2019)
Human resources requirements
1) Development of company and learning system
2) Sequence planning
3) Recompense and benefits
4) Human resources information system
5) Performance management
6) Recruitments and selection
7) Hr data and analytics (Boon, et al., 2019)
Physical and other resources requirements are:
1) Production machinery
2) Company website
3) Raw material
4) Vehicles, transports
5) Storage area
6) Factory
7) Buildings
Action plan are:
1) Analysis goals
2) Find end goal of company
3) Always follow pre determine steps
4) Set milestones
5) Necessary resources
6) Always update
Budget for company
For setting the budget company should remember the basic elements of the budget with that they identify how much amount will be spent on project, those elements are given below:
1) Variable expenses of project
2) Fixed expenses of project
3) Personal financial goals
4) Discretionary expenses (Council, 2023)
Budgets which are important for every project task:
1) Sales budget
2) Marketing budget
3) Purchase budget
4) Expenses budget
5) Deficit budget
6) Surplus budget
Key responsibilities are:
1) Planning
2) Organizing
3) Leading
4) Controlling
5) Marketers
6) Key person of influence (Uduji, et al., 2020)
Key aspect of the company is very important to know because before implementing the operational plan because if company don’t know their aspects, then how could they proceed in way.
Here is the aspect of the company is:
1) The chain of command should be clear and stated
2) Distance of control
3) Departmentalization
4) Centralization
Strategic plan for the company is given below:
1) Firstly, determine the planned position
2) Develop a strategic plan
3) Order your objective
4) Manage plan
5) Revision the plan
Components of the operational plan are:
1) Value proposal of the task
2) Business’s mission
3) Goals and objectives
4) Investigate evidence
5) Worth chain of the task
6) Budget
7) Set milestone for company
Assessment Task 2:
| Assessment Task | Group Project: Develop an Operational
plan |
| Schedule | TBA |
|
Outcomes Assessed |
Performance Criteria:
1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, Addresses some elements of required skills and knowledge as shown in the Assessment Matrix |
Description:
Operational plans provide an organisation with a mechanism to put their strategies in action and identify the resources required to achieve their stated goals and objectives. Operational plans may also be termed as action plans, annual plans, management plans or tactical plans. Separate operational plans are often prepared by different departments within an organisation to outline their specific tasks and priorities.
In Assessment Task1, you developed the understanding of the structure and components of an operational plan through an analysis of a sample operational plan. In this assessment task, given as a group project, your group will be required to develop an Operational Plan for a sample organisation based on its Strategic Plan. Your group will be provided with a sample strategic plan for this task. Your trainer/assessor will play the role of the Senior Manager for the purpose of this task.
A past or an existing organisation can also be used as an example to develop the required organisational context for this task. Alternatively, based on the sample strategic plan, research and collect some organisational information as a background to your plan.
Develop an operational plan that includes;
- Executive summary
- Stakeholders, consultation and approvals
- Operational goals and expected outcomes
- Action plan (convert strategies to actions)
- Key performance indicators (KPIs)
- Human resource requirements (including training or PD and strategies to address the requirements)
- Physical and other resource requirements (including strategies to acquire the resources)
- Resource conservation/waste management tactics
- Budget/cost expectations
- Key responsibilities; including intellectual property rights and responsibilities
- Communication plan (how respective responsibilities and KPIs will be communicated)
- Monitoring and evaluation
- Contingency plan
An operational plan fundamentally addresses four questions:
- Where are we now?
- Where do we want to be?
- How do we get there?
- How do we measure our progress?
Contingency planning involves creating an alternative plan in the event of the original operational plan changing or facing obstacles due to unforeseen circumstances. It can be based on anticipated risks (e.g. non- availability of raw materials, government approvals etc.) and alternatives that can be used to keep the operational plan moving.
As part of assessment criteria for this task, equal and active participation from all groups will be required. Each group will need to submit a group statement, signed by all group members, outlining their respective role and contribution in the project. Any problems or non-contribution from ant group members should be reported to the trainer/assessor at the earliest.
There is no word limit, but it is expected that each part will be articulated in sufficient detail to be able to form an analytical perspective. A sample plan or a template can be used as a guide. Ensure that you reference/cite all the external sources using an appropriate referencing system (e.g. Harvard Referencing System).
Further, once draft has been completed, your group will need to plan and develop additional documentation for performance review purpose (Assessment Task 3). Ensure that you retain copies of all the work.
Assessment Criteria
Learner work will be assessed based on the following criteria. Learners have also been provided with this assessment criterion in the “Learner’s Guide” to ensure that they cover all the task requirements. The same criteria are used in the checklists in Section 8 (Learner Competency Records) to record assessment outcome.
The assessment will include both individual and group assessment. Both, individual and group criteria must be met for successful completion of this task. Group formation process must be completed in presence of an assessor. Group work and interaction completed during the sessions will be observed throughout the project duration. Your group must also maintain a group portfolio and keep records of all group meetings and communications.
The following criteria must be addressed for this task;
Individual:
- Participated in group formation process and joined a project group
- Communicated effectively with the group members and clarified own roles and responsibilities
- Actively participated and contributed in group discussion
- Completed own tasks as delegated by the group
Group:
- Successfully formed the group
- Assessed available skills and knowledge of each group
- Defined roles and responsibilities of each group member
- Identified and itemised project tasks
- Delegated tasks to group members based on their skill and knowledge sets
- Used/developed a profile/introduction of the organisation used in the task
- Developed an operational plan from the given strategic plan
- The plan is appropriately structured and presented as an official document reflecting a real-life example
- Appropriate headings and sub-headings are used to structure the contents
- The content flow covers all the required elements of the plan and contains a logical sequence of the topics
- An executive summary is included and provides an overview of the plan
- Key stakeholders and consultation/approval processes are identified and defined
- An effective communication plan is developed to communicate the plan and key responsibilities to respective personnel
- Operational goals/aims and expected outcomes align with the stated organisational or strategic goals and objectives
- Key action tasks are developed to help implement the strategies
- The action plan addresses all the key strategic areas and establishes key responsibilities and time lines
- Identified and defined human resource requirements to implement the plan
- Strategies and processes to address human resource requirements are developed to support the implementation
- Identified and defined physical and other resource requirements to implement the plan
- Strategies and processes to address physical and other resource requirements are developed to support the implementation
- Requirements for IP rights and responsibilities are identified and addressed in acquisition of resources
- Key Performance Indicator (KPIs) are developed to measure the outcomes and plan effectiveness
- KPIs are realistic and include both qualitative and quantitative measures
- Budget and cost expectations for implementation of the plan/actions are estimated and provided in appropriate format
- A risk-based contingency plan is developed to cover unforeseen circumstances and address business performance issues
- The plan includes a detailed evaluation plan that helps monitor the plan and its effectiveness over the stated duration
- Measures to address performance and skill/training requirements are included as part of the implementation process
- Appropriate resource conservation tactics are suggested to minimise waste and improve usage
- Maintained a group portfolio and kept records of group meetings and communications
Submission Guidelines
Submit:
- An Operational Plan for the given organisation in hard and electronic copies
- Signed group statement
- Group portfolio containing meet records, communication and draft work/references
Learners may also be guided to save the documents/files in a unit submission folder on the server if required. Other submission arrangements (e.g. email) can be arranged as mutually convenient for trainers/assessors and students.
Ensure that the task/work is submitted along with an “Assignment Cover Sheet” signed by the student. Assignment Cover Sheet is provided with each Learner’s Guide and can also be obtained from college’s reception or website.
Submission of Assessment Task-2
Operational plans included are:
Executive summary
In first assessment task one we analysis the operational plan, now we are developed organizational plan by taking help from that analysed information.
Executive summary of operational plan analysis (Zhao, et al 2022)
In analysis process company assure their past and future performance and obtain accountability from day-to-day task. It examines present growth of the business investment and also helpful in measuring the performance compared to the set of costs. This will help to identify that the current project structure is supporting for organization, this analysis is conducted by the company manager for understanding the internal and external position of the company. The analysis is affected by two types of environments.
The steps are as follows during analysis the operational plan are1:
1) Determine the objective of the company in the past and present
2) Collect data from the company of the project
3) Next is data bickering
4) Clearing that data
5) Next is to share the result with the team(Zhao, et al 2022)
Strategies used to take consultation with stakeholders
1) Conduct meetings with stakeholders
2) Gather information
3) Share the problem with stakeholders
4)Identify and track perceptions and attitudes
5) Appraise implementations and actions
Name of the stakeholders:
1) Customer
2) Shareholders
3) Owners
4) Creditors
5) Government agencies
6) Investors
7) Communities
Organizational goals are:
1) Management performance
2) Profitability goal
3) Productivity goal
4) Market Share
5) Communal responsibility goals
6) Increasing sale of the products
7) Maintain qualities of their products
8) Broad and expand their brand across the world
9) Maintain and develop the best market strategies for building strong their brand.(Kotlar, et al 2018)
Expected outcomes are:
1) increase sale
2) effective quality
3) Brand is expanding all over the world
4) Responsibility goals
Strategy converts to Action plan:
Strategic plan for the company is given below:
1) firstly, determine the planned position
2) Develop a strategic plan
3) Order your objective
4) Manage plan
5) Revision of the plan
Steps were taken to convert strategy convert to action plan:
1) Intricate on the strategy
2) Confirm execution priorities
3) Define Planned initiatives
4) Bring into line the organization
5) Screen and adjust
Key performance indicators:
1) Technical ability
2) Profit margin
3) Customer retention rate
4) Client satisfaction
5) Revenue from customers
6) Revenue growth(Rakhshani, et al., 2019)
Human resources requirements:
1) Development of company and learning system
2) Sequence planning
3) Recompense and benefits
4) Human resources information system
5) Performance management
6) Recruitments and selection
7) Hr data and analytics (Boon, et al., 2019)
Physical and other resources which are necessary for producing products.
Physical and other resources requirements are:
1) Production machinery
2) Company website
3) Raw material
4) Vehicles, transports
5) Storage area
6) factory
7) Buildings
Waste management tactics that are used by Billabong Company
1) Waste recycling
2) Waste minimization
3) Reuse waste
4) Biological treatment for cloth waste
5) Landfill disposal
Budget expectation of the billabong company
Expectation is that company achieve their goal with stated budget which is creating for the current project. Expectation is:(Council, 2023)
1) earning maximum profit
2) increasing sale
3) increasing and expand brand value of the billabong company all over the world
4) Submit taxes on time so that the reputation of the company is maintained in the eye of the government and as well as in their clients.
5) analysis of all budgets that the team will work with that strategy not use another strategy.
(Council, 2023)
The key responsibilities of the billabong company are:
1) maintain a workplace environment
2) apply an open communication strategy in the workplace
3) Planning
4) Organizing
5) Leading
6) Controlling
7) Marketeers
8) Key person of influence
Intellectual property rights are:
1) Copyright
2) patents
3) Trademarks
4) Trade Secrets
Communication plan of the billabong company which very effective and it is the reason how this company is growing in the market. The manager hope that they achieve result of their plan
What thing Communication plans are needed:(Granizo, et al., 2021)
1) use SMART goals which are based on past results and collected from the audit process
The SMART full form is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and time-based
2) Manner audit for the current plan (Granizo, et al., 2021)
3) Identify Team members and client audience to whom our communication plan is delivered
4) Always remember your employee during creating a communication plan
5) Determine all communication steps timings
6) then discuss the communication plan with your stakeholder and regulate areas of improvement
KPI which are communicated are:
1) Feedbacks
2) Pages logins
3) Employee turnover rates
4) Employee Advocacy
5) Adoption rates for new apps
6) Client satisfaction
7) Read- receipts of internet
Strategies used in monitoring by billabong company:
1)Physical methods
2) biological methods
3) Chemical methods (Thomas, et al., 2020)
Types of Monitoring are:
1) Compliance monitoring
2) Financial monitoring
3) Context monitoring
4) Process monitoring
5) Organisational monitoring
6)Result monitoring (Sparrow, et al., 2020)
Steps followed by the company for contingency plan:
1) Testing and exercise
2) Planning
3) Program management
4) Implementation
5) Program improvement (Zeng, et al., 2021)
A contingency plan is very useful and helpful for every organization because it helps to find what even should happen and what event is not should happen, it also helps to determine the second option or backup option when things are going in the wrong way. According to the billabong company manager, it is effective because it ensures to all staff members and team members how to deal with the situation and rectify it and help to run the company in smoothing the way. (Zeng, et al., 2021)
The benefits obtain to develop this contingency plan are:
1) Company saves money and time
2) Minimizing damages
3) Avoiding the negative press
4) Quick recovery time
5) Saving lives
The answer to fundamental questions:
Where are we now?
As the manager of the billabong company our company states their brand value all over the world and has very positive reviews by their customers and sales. The next plan of the billabong company is to maximize the brand level all over the world. We have lots of branches but now we are opening more branches and brands in the upcoming year.
Where do we go to be?
1)Setting new goals and strategies
2)Improving past failure
3)By developing network
4)Focus on self-development
By using this strategy billabong company definitely reach their goals
How do we get there?
1)We started with our plan which is definitely strategic.
2) Next company slender down scope
3) Then search for the stakeholders and show your plan
4) Develop a plan for the organization
5) then share it and update the operational plan
How do we measure our progress?
Using some metrics for measuring the company’s progress:
1) Analysis of client satisfaction
2) Business financial statements
3) Create performance review plans
4) Stay present in the market
5) Assess companies expectation as well as own expectation
Assessment Task 3:
| Assessment Task | Group Project: Review Operational
Performance |
| Schedule | TBA |
| Outcomes Assessed |
Performance Criteria: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, Addresses some elements of required skills and knowledge as shown in the Assessment Matrix |
Description:
This task is a continuation of Assessment Task 2.
In a typical workplace environment, implementation and performance review of a plan would be a stepped process, monitored over a long period time. In a classroom environment, this process will be simulated for this task. Accordingly, for the purpose of this task, the class audience will play the role of the staff. Your trainer/assessor will play the role of the Senior Manager.
Assume that your plan has been implemented and is being reviewed for its performance. You will be provided with sample financial information (Balance sheet and Profit and Loss Statements). Review and analyse the financial data against the KPIs set in your plan and take notes for presentation.
Next, your group will be emulating the organisational process by;
- Calling and conducting a staff meeting
- Summarising requirements for implementing the plan – Action plan stages
- Review of key stakeholder and consultation process in implementation
- Articulating the KPIs for measuring the success
- Presenting an analysis of the actual performance (sample financial data) Vs the KPIs
- Seeking feedback on KPIs and adjusting as per the feedback in view of the performance
- Articulating KPI management process and protocols
- Plans for reviewing and improving the system
- Articulating requirements for improvements and seeking feedback
One of your group members will be tasked with taking minutes of the meeting. Ensure that you explain each step and seek feedback. Based on the discussion, articulate implementation process and assign responsibilities within the roleplay.
The group will, then, submit a final report summarising the meeting, audience suggestions, processes deployed for review and measures in place for continuous improvement.
All group members will be required to participate in the review session.
Assessment Criteria
Learner work will be assessed based on the following criteria. Learners have also been provided with this assessment criterion in the “Learner’s Guide” to ensure that they cover all the task requirements. The same criteria are used in the checklists in Section 8 (Learner Competency Records) to record assessment outcome. The assessment will include both individual and group assessment. Both, individual and group criteria must be met for successful completion of this task. Group formation process must be completed in presence of an
assessor. Group work and interaction completed during the sessions will be observed throughout the project duration. Your group must also maintain a group portfolio and keep records of all group meetings and communications.
The following criteria must be addressed for this task;
Individual:
- Participated in group work as required
- Actively participated and contributed in group discussion for this stage
- Completed own tasks as delegated by the group
Group:
- Called a meeting of stakeholders for the purpose of performance review and feedback
- Prepared the required review documentation and a presentation to the stakeholders
- Outlined and articulated implementation process and roles and responsibilities undertaken
- Outlined organizational communication plan and consultation processes
- Linked implementation to organizational policies and procedures as per the context developed within this and other tasks
- Outlined and explained measures for evaluating plan performance
- Analysed financial information to review performance against the KPIs
- Analysis was succinct and relevant to the plan and its purpose
- Members were able to emulate the organisational process by using the sample data and cohesively preparing and presenting plan performance information
- Allowed for a robust discussion and simulated a performance review meeting and process
- Captured and recorded audience comments and feedback
- Described processes for improvements and assigned roles and responsibilities
- Set processes for identifying improvement opportunities
- Developed a report comprising of implementation activities, processes, and how consultations and delegations were made
Submission Guidelines
Submit:
- Performance review report in hard and electronic copies
- Copies/record of stakeholder feedback (classroom session)
Learners may also be guided to save the documents/files in a unit submission folder on the server if required. Other submission arrangements (e.g. email) can be arranged as mutually convenient for trainers/assessors and students.
Ensure that the task/work is submitted along with an “Assignment Cover Sheet” signed by the student. Assignment Cover Sheet is provided with each Learner’s Guide and can also be obtained from college’s reception or website.
Submission of Assessment Task-3
Role play
Senior manager- good morning all of you, take your seats please. I hope you are well and doing good in your company.
Staff member- Good morning, sir, we all is good how you are?
Senior Manager- This meeting is conducted for discussing implementing the operational plan here I have financial information which is a balance sheet and profit and loss.
Staff member- ok sir so what is the problem you identify can you please explain this.
Senior manager- This operational plan is very effective and we also take permission from our stakeholders to implement this plan in the organization.
Staff member- ok sir, so what is included in this plan.
Senior manager – yes, I will show you the operational plan, goal, and objectives that are:
1) Management performance, Profitability goal, Productivity goal, Market Share, Communal responsibility goals, Increasing the sale of the products, Maintaining the qualities of their products, Broad and expanding their brand across the world, Maintaining and developing the best market strategies for building strong their brand.
Staff member- ok sir, so what is KPI we should follow.
Senior Manager: yes, there is KPI which is followed by all staff members for achieving the organizational goal. KPIs are: Technical ability, Profit margin, Customer retention rate, Client satisfaction, Revenue from customers, Revenue growth
Staff member- ok sir we can definitely follow this to complete our task.
Senior manager- this is all our organizational plan now we are discussing communication plan which is developed by myself so that the difficulties which are facing by our employee.
Staff member- ok sir we have very curious to know.
Senior manager- Good, I am happy to know that you personally have the courage for the work.
Now let’s come to the point, communication plan is:
What thing Communication plans are needed: use SMART goals which are based on past results and collected from the audit process and SMART full form is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and time-based, Manner audit for the current plan, Identify Team members and client audience to whom our communication plan is delivered, Always remember your employee during creating a communication plan, Determine all communication steps timings, then discuss the communication plan with your stakeholder and regulate areas of improvement.
Staff member- ok sir, that is looking very effective sir we are motivated to know about this plan.
Senior manager- This is all in this meeting, I hope you all are getting my point about the operational plan, I suggest that you all discuss this plan with each other and give us your feedback, which is very helpful to us.
Staff member- sure sir, but how we can Manage KPI can you please resolve this problem, sir.
Senior manager- Yes, of course, KPI is a quantifiable value that proves how efficiently a company is attaining key commercial objects. Always remember your goal, target of sales, and profit margin so you automatically know how to manage your KPI.
Staff members- ok sir.
Senior manager- operational plan requirements are: objective should be always clear in all staff member’s minds, the standard of products quality and quantity, activity should be delivered on time.
I hope you all are getting my point. Give your feedback to us on that.
Staff member- yes sir sure.
Report
The staff performance is good in this project as every employee of the team gives their best effort for this project, all staff members create a very good working environment at the office so that the new employee also motivated by them. In a previous meeting, senior managers discussed with their staff members about the operational plan, communication plan, and KPI protocols will also explain by a senior manager. Staff members get all the messages that how should they work, one staff member notes the meeting minutes, and staff member also shares their feedback which is very helpful for us, by their feedback we improve our operational plan lack system and also improve our communication plan and add more things in it which is important.
Assessment Task 4:
| Assessment Task | Knowledge Test |
| Schedule | TBA |
| Outcomes Assessed | Performance Criteria:
Underpinning Knowledge Addresses some elements of required skills and knowledge as shown in the Assessment Matrix |
Description:
This is a closed book test and must be undertaken in presence of an assessor. All the questions must be answered.
Duration: 1 Hour
Assessment criteria
Learner work will be assessed based on the following criteria. Learners have also been provided with the assessment criteria in the “Learner’s Guide” to ensure that they cover all the task requirements. The same criteria are used in the checklists in Section 8 (Learner Competency Records) to record assessment outcome.
The following criteria must be addressed for this task;
- Test completed as per the given instructions and conditions
- All the questions are attempted and answered
- Answers are consistent with model answers and demonstrate the required depth of knowledge for this unit of competency
The following must be collected and submitted as an evidence along with the checklists and competency record sheet (Section 8).
Submission Guidelines
Learner to submit;
- Completed Test paper
Use the test paper given below or copies as provided by the trainer/assessor.
Learner Number :
Group :
Learner Name:
Date Taken:
Examiner : SOFIA
Q1. What is an Operational Plan? What information would an Operational Plan typically contain?
Operational plan is the statement that shows entire targets and activities that an organization follows for a specific time period such s period of one year. It includes planning procedure and strategies that are framed to achieve organization goals and objectives. Operational plan is defined as the planning regarding day to day operations that are needed for a successful business. Operational plan is developed for a year including (Towbin, et al., 2018)
1) Clear goals and objectives
2) Clear activities that are needed to be delivered on time
3) Estimated outcomes
4) Quality standards
5) Resources and staffing requirements
6) Financial resources
7) Implementation procedure with the timeframe
8) Procedure of monitoring and analysis process
Q2. Explain the role of an operational plan in achieving the organisation’s objectives
Operational plan plays a vital role to achieve organization objective as it provides a plan to manage day to day operations effectively and efficiently. It is followed to implement different strategies and policies to maintain growth of the organization. It defines the entire time period with the proper understand that where, who and when the tasks would be completed. It defines estimated cost as well as requirement of human resources also. It is helpful for overall budget as well as organization standards and policies that are beneficial to achieve organization objective. Operational plan is important as it makes sure to determine areas which areas are not earning as much revenue as much it should. It is helpful to identify the variances and required strategies to change the entire process to achieve goals and targets (Parmenter, 2015)
Q3. In your opinion, how would an Operational Plan of a Retail and Services firm will differ from that of a Manufacturing firm?
Operational plan plays a main role whether it is developed for manufacturing firm or retail and services firm. Operational plan of manufacturing company focus on production and storage requirement prior delivery to the customers and candidates whereas operation plan is planned to ensure about service of the retailers while supplying it to the customers. Manufacturing firm is required to increase number of labours whereas retail industry is needed to consume different services due to high demand of resources.
Q4. Explain a typical budgeting process in an organisation.
Budgeting process is important to be prepared in the organization to maintain its financial resources and to achieve estimated goals and objectives of the organization. There is a budgeting process that is defined as
1) Analysis of previous period data
2) Calculation of existing expenses and revenue
3) Focus on fixing fixed cost
4) Focus on variable cost
5) Estimation of future revenue and expenses
6) Analysis of cash flow statement
7) Access financial resources
8) Make specific and appropriate decisions for organization growth
9) Focus on monitoring and progress (Towbin, et al., 2018)
Q5. What are Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)? Provide examples of financial and non-financial KPIs in your own understanding.
Key performance indicators are defined as the terms that are considered to measure the performance of a particular objective. It defines the changes in objectives that have been achieved due to implemented strategies. It is also cad as performance measurement. It determines the success of an organization in every aspect. There are examples of financial key performance indicators such as gross profit, net profit margin and annual revenue. There are examples of non-financial key performance indicators such as customer retention, customer satisfaction and brand reputation (Parmenter, 2015).
| Learner signature: | Date: |
8. Academic Policies and Processes
Students with Special Needs
If leaners/learners have any special needs (e.g. physical disability, learning difficulty) regarding assessment, they should be directed to discuss these with the Course Coordinator. The college will endeavour to make all possible and reasonable adjustments to any aspect of assessment in order to address those needs. Some examples of additional support could include:
- Language, literacy and numeracy (LLN)
- Assistive technology
- Additional materials or tutorials
- Assistance in using technology for online delivery components
Reasonable adjustment
Reasonable adjustment refers to any modification made to the learning environment, certification requirements, training delivery or assessment method to help learners with a disability access and participate in education and training on the same basis as those without disability (IBSA, 2015).
The Disability Standards for Education 2005 were formed under the Disability Discrimination Act 1992. They clarify the obligations of training providers to ensure that learners who have a disability are able to access and participate in education and training on the same basis as those without disability.
Some examples of reasonable adjustments could include:
- Personal support services, e.g. a reader, Auslan interpreter, a scribe
- assistive technology or special equipment, e.g. screen readers, magnifiers, alternative keyboards
- modifying the presentation method, e.g. visual, oral, print, electronic
- adjustments to timeframes, e.g. providing materials prior to class, extended time limits
- adjustment of the physical environment, e.g. specific furniture, arrangement of classroom.
The determination of “reasonableness” requires judgement that must take into account the impact on the RTO and the need to maintain the integrity of the qualification. While reasonable adjustments can be made to the ways in which evidence of performance is gathered and demonstrated, the criteria for making Competent/Not Yet Competent decisions (and/or awarding grades) should not be altered in any way. That is to say, the standards expected should be the same irrespective of the group and/or individual being assessed (Disability Standards for Education 2005).
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) and Credit Transfers
Learners may apply for Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) by providing evidence that they have the required skills and knowledge in the specific areas of competency through work/industry experience and/or completed eligible assessments in equivalent or higher qualification.
Appropriate credit transfer may be granted to eligible learners against each unit of competency on evidence to successful completion of the same unit in an equivalent or higher nationally endorsed qualification. Credit transfer learners will finish the course in a shorter duration and are advised to consult appropriate authorities/bodies for applicable criteria if planning further study or stay in Australia.
Applicants who have completed formal training or who have relevant and current work or life experience and consider they are able to meet the unit purpose may seek recognition.
The college acknowledges skills and knowledge obtained through
- Formal training (conducted by industry or educational institutions in Australia or overseas)
- Work experience
- Life experience
The main focus is on the learning outcomes of these experiences, not on how, when or where the learning occurred.
To be granted RPL, applicants will be asked to:
- Present evidence of their achievement; and/or
- Undertake a challenge test; and/or
- Attend an interview with specialist staff.
This evidence will be validated through either satisfactory supporting documentation of support from a recognised industry or workplace representative or challenge testing
Academic Policies and Procedures
Applicable policies and procedure related to this course including plagiarism, assessments, appeals and
complaints, can be found with the course coordinator as well as in the “Policies and Procedures” section of the college’s website.
References
Boon, C., Den Hartog, D. N., &Lepak, D. P. (2019). A systematic review of human resource management systems and their measurement. Journal of Management, 45(6), 2498-2537.
Council, S. C. L. E. T. (2023). Agency B(Thomas, et al., 2020)
Granizo, X., Sánchez, J., Naula, B., &Pazmiño, D. (2021). Communication Plan as a Tool for Business Positioning. ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of STEAM, 608-628.
key B. E., Kumar, J. V., Onongaya, C., Bhatt, S. N., Galivanche, A., Periyasamy, M., … &Subbaraman, R. (2020). Explaining differences in the acceptability of 99DOTS, a cell phone-based strategy for monitoring adherence to tuberculosis medications: a qualitative study of patients and health care providers. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(7), e16634.
Kotlar, J., De Massis, A., Wright, M., & Frattini, F. (2018). Organizational goals: Antecedents, formation processes and implications for firm behavior and performance. International Journal of Management Reviews, 20, S3-S18.
Parmenter, D. (2015). Key performance indicators: developing, implementing, and using winning KPIs. John Wiley & Sons.
Rakhshani, E., Gusain, D., Sewdien, V., Torres, J. L. R., & Van Der Meijden, M. A. (2019). A key performance indicator to assess the frequency stability of wind generation-dominated power systems. IEEE Access, 7, 130957-130969.
Sparrow, B. D., Edwards, W., Munroe, S. E., Wardle, G. M., Guerin, G. R., Bastin, J. F., … & Lowe, A. J. (2020). Effective ecosystem monitoring requires a multi-scale approach. Biological Reviews, 95(6), 1706-1719.
Towbin, A. J., Perry, L. A., Moskovitz, J. A., &OConnor, T. J. (2018). Building and implementing an operational plan. Radiographics, 38(6), 1694-1704.
Uduji, J. I., & Okolo-Obasi, E. N. (2020). Does corporate social responsibility (CSR) impact the development of women in small-scale fisheries of sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from coastal communities of Niger Delta in Nigeria. Marine Policy, 118.
Zeng, Y., Yao, Z., Pan, Y., Chen, W., Zhou, J., Chen, J., … & Ming, Z. (2021, May). ATPT: Automate Typhoon Contingency Plan Generation from Text. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems (pp. 1788-1790).
Zhao, S., Wu, J., Li, Z., & Meng, G. (2022). Train Operational Plan Optimization for Urban Rail Transit Lines Considering Circulation Balance. Sustainability, 14(9), 5226.