Annotated Bibliography
Assignment # 2 (Annotated Bibliography)
Annotation #1
Article from Newspaper: Witness: Cheating ignored: Middle school students ‘could not read,’ though test scores were high.
Credibility and background of the author
Bill Rankin is a freelance writer based in Edmonton. The American Record Guide hires him as its Canadian correspondent and he writes for Opera Canada as well. The Globe and Mail, Gramophone, and other publications have also published his articles and reviews. From the early 1980s until the late 1990s, he was employed by the Edmonton Journal as a classical music writer (Rankin, 2013).
Purpose of the work
In this article of newspaper, the reason Patricia Wells’ students performed poorly in her middle school that they did well in their elementary schools is that there was cheating occurring. A federal indictment alleged that Cotman allegedly directed principals at Scott Elementary School to send memos directing agents to go to hell to investigate allegations of test cheating because Hawkins disclosed the allegation.
Witness: Test score scores were high despite students not being able to read.
Intended audiences and level of difficulty in reading
A general audience interested in current events.
The Flesch reading ease scale ranked newspapers at 42.8 while novels were 76.12. This metric, used in the present study as well, ranks easier-to- read materials higher than those that are more difficult to read.
Limitations
The author should do more research of the case as, it is not elaborated. If it will be in elaborative form, then it will be easy for the readers to interpret it properly (Rankin, 2013).
Annotation #2
Article from Magazine: Why are Indian schools full of students who cheat?
Credibility and background of the author
Having completed a Ph.D. in 2004 from the University of Melbourne, Australia, Goutam Das is well-versed in the field of statistics. The Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur in Kharagpur, India, currently employs him as an Associate Professor. In addition to optical access networks, he has a significant research interest in optical data centers, radio over fiber technology, optical packet switched networks, fog computing, access-metro integrated networks, and cloud radio access networks.
Purpose of the work
Online the other day there were some shocking photographs (Ahmadi, 2020). An exam hall in rural Bihar was shown to be clogged with parents climbing the walls to pass cheat sheets to their children. Despite the embarrassing pictures, the Bihar authorities did nothing to address the situation, The Financial Express (New Delhi) reported. Students were still passing their final-year “matriculation exams” days after the images traveled around the world. Despite efforts to turn back relatives in the exam centers, police were pelted with rocks by parents. Despite expelling more than 500 students, Bihar officials say they cannot end cheating “without the cooperation of students and parents.”. According to The Times of India (Mumbai), Bihar has a long tradition of exam cheating. The cheating was blatant in the past. It was like a carnival around schools in the 1960s and 1990s, with thousands of people camping out around them. Typically, students were assigned a team: a supervisor, “a sprightly kid who could dash into school quickly and fetch the paper”, and someone capable of answering test questions. The student waited for the results in the examination room. Old habits clearly die hard in a system that was supposed to be reformed. Manoj Kumar, writing in First Post (Mumbai), recommended not blaming students for problems. Good marks can help a student move on to college, to a good job and even to a decent marriage with a reasonable dowry if she is a girl. Incompetent teachers bind students. A majority of Bihar’s population is under the age of 25 (half of the state’s population) and the state knew that it would need lots more teachers. Consequently, it began offering teaching jobs to pretty much anyone. Almost half of Bihar’s educators failed a test this year that included basic questions like: “Which part of the potato do you eat?” students cheat no wonder. Abhishek Saha of the Hindustan Times (New Delhi) said that such practices do not just arise in Bihar. Cheating is endemic in India, although it is generally less prominent. According to the study, rote-learning of facts versus applying knowledge are partially responsible for the problem. It is a symptom of a larger malaise, but not the cause of it.”
Intended audiences and level of difficulty in reading
Non-specialists make up the general readership
There are only a few magazines written at a 9th grade reading level, like TV Guide and Readers Digest (Ahmadi, 2020).
Limitations
The author should do more research of the case as, it is not elaborated. If it will be in elaborative form, then it will be easy for the readers to interpret it properly.
Annotations #3
Article from Journal: Cheating in middle school and high school
Credibility and background of the author
Hemayatullah Ahmadi, working with a set of Geological Remote Sensing data as well as tectonic data and geologic data to determine the tectonic structure and composition of lithology.
Purpose of the work
Cheating is an issue that is becoming more prevalent in secondary schools (Strom, & Strom, 2007). The article describes how students cheat in assessments, how they motivate each other to cheat, how they use new technology tools to deceive, how they take advantage of security measures in tests, how they obtain papers without crediting the source, plagiarism detection tools, guidelines to minimize cheating, the emergence of cyber laws that define offenses and penalties, and what parents can do to participate in this process. School cheating is common among adolescents for various reasons. Teachers often explain why they do not complete their work by saying, “I haven’t had the time,” “This course is not important to me,” “Everyone else is cheating” and “I have to get good grades.” Motivation can be created by asking pertinent questions during faculty meetings. How can schools help prevent the nation from becoming a nation of cheating adults? How can educators demonstrate more ethical conduct as role models? Why is honesty important to children? How can moral development be incorporated into the curriculum for supporting the development of students? How does it affect their grades when students don’t give credit to the sources of the ideas they present? A student poll asked about cheating and the ways faculty deal with it. Where did you find out how students responded? Are we concerned about the disenfranchisement of honest students as a result of unfair advantages gained through deceptive practices? How does the idea of doing things honestly fit into secondary education? In what ways have we solicited students’ opinions through their organizations and focus groups? Does this school need to focus just on detecting cheating or also on raising the standard of student morality?
Intended audiences and level of difficulty in reading
A researcher or specialist who is a peer of the contributor
Limitations
The author should do more research of the case as, it is not elaborated. If it will be in elaborative form, then it will be easy for the readers to interpret it properly.
References
Ahmadi, H. (2020). Cheating in Education: A Focus on Plagiarism. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hemayatullah-Ahmadi-2/publication/344653140_Cheating_in_Education_A_Focus_on_Plagiarism/links/5f86f63a92851c14bcc6ed15/Cheating-in-Education-A-Focus-on-Plagiarism.pdf
Rankin, B. (2013, Aug 31). Witness: Cheating ignored: Middle school students ‘could not read,’ though test scores were high. The Atlanta Journal – Constitution Retrieved from https://login.proxy.library.niagarac.on.ca/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/newspapers/witness-cheating-ignored-middle-school-students/docview/1428898376/se-2?accountid=39476
Strom, P. S., & Strom, R. D. (2007). Cheating in middle school and high school. The Educational Forum, 71(2), 104-116. Retrieved from https://login.proxy.library.niagarac.on.ca/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/cheating-middle-school-high/docview/220697542/se-2?accountid=39476