Assessment Tasks and Instructions
Assessment for this Unit of Competency/Cluster Details
Assessment 1 Assignment
Assessment 2 Practical Observation
Assessment 3
Assessment conducted in this instance: Assessment 1 2 3
Reasonable Adjustment
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No No further information required
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Student to complete
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Assessment Guidelines
What will be assessed
The purpose of this assessment is to assess your underpinning knowledge to complete the tasks outlined in the elements and performance criteria for this unit of competency and relating to the following aspects:
key features of commonwealth, state or territory and local food safety compliance requirements as they impact workers at an operational level:
contents of national codes and standards that underpin regulatory requirements
reasons for food safety programs and what they must contain
local government food safety regulations and inspection regimes
consequences of failure to observe food safety policies and procedures
meaning of contaminant, contamination and potentially hazardous foods as defined by the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code
hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) or other food safety system principles, procedures and processes as they apply to particular operations and different food types:
critical control points for the specific food production system and the predetermined methods of control, especially time and temperature controls used in the receiving, storing, preparing, processing, displaying, serving, packaging, transporting and disposing of food
main types of safety hazards and contamination
conditions for development of microbiological contamination
environmental conditions and, temperature controls, for storage
temperature danger zone and the two-hour and four-hour rule
contents of organizational food safety program, especially procedures, associated requirements, and monitoring documents
food safety monitoring techniques
methods to ensure the safety of food served and sold to customers
safe food handling practices for the following different food types:
dairy
dried goods
eggs
frozen goods
fruit and vegetables
meat and fish
equipment operating procedures, especially how to calibrate, use and clean a temperature probe and how to identify faults
choice and application of cleaning, sanitizing and pest control equipment and materials
cleaning, sanitizing and maintenance requirements relevant to food preparation and storage:
cleaning
sanitizing
maintenance
high risk customer groups
Place/Location where assessment will be conducted
Resource Requirements
Pen, Paper, internet access
Instructions for assessment including WHS requirements
You are required to address all questions to achieve competence. Your trainer will provide you with instructions for time frames and dates to complete this assessment.
Once completed, carefully read the responses you have provided and check for completeness. Your trainer will provide you with feedback and the result you have achieved.
Statement of Authenticity
I acknowledge that I understand the requirements to complete the assessment tasks
The assessment process including the provisions for re-submitting and academic appeals were explained to me and I understand these processes
I understand the consequences of plagiarism and confirm that this is my own work and I have acknowledged or referenced all sources of information I have used for the purpose of this assessment
Student Signature: Date: / /201
This assessment: First Attempt 2nd Attempt Extension – Date: / /
RESULT OF ASSESSMENT Satisfactory Not Yet Satisfactory
Feedback to Student:
Assessor(s) Signature(s): Date: / /
Student Signature Date: / /
Assessment 1
Your task:
You have been appointed as chef de partie in the prestigious Futura Beach Hotel which will open its doors to the public late next month.
In order to conform to the latest requirements for food safety you are required to write a set of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to meet all requirements outlined in the current legislation. You will also need to provide a reference manual for all relevant staff.
These will need to include:
A reference to the current legislation. Where can this be accessed and what are the key requirements relating to (access this information on the website for specific details):
Food safety standards-The food safety standard describes the requirements for food and related business. They ensure the food and related goods of food are safe for the consumer for consuming the food. They have to make sure to provide a better level of food quality (Benito, 2019).
Food safety plan- A food safety plan is the procedure that will set documents. These are the procedures that is preventing the bacteria and calculate the form of bacteria in the different types of food.
Documentation- Documents in the food safety procedures will describe the food and taste. Also, this will give the surety to the food and bacteria-free food containment (Benito, 2019).
Danger Zone- Various types of food contain chemicals and they have their expiry date at a fast level. This may cause a risk for the people before using the product and food. These are the danger zone in the food section.
Critical Limits and Time Frames- The critical limits and time frames will do the maximum and minimum level of insurance for the safety of the product.
The provisions for legislation and provisions at the local government level- The provision for legislation is established by the local government for the food safety. procedure in the restaurants must provide better safety in food under the rules and regulations of the government.
The implications for failing to comply with legislation- If the food safety procedure is not able to comply with the legislation. then it will be described that the food safety procedure is failing in its implications.
The meaning of HACCP, the seven principles, and the required procedures for each principle.
HACCP is the hazard analysis and critical control points the real meaning of this procedure is to take the food and establish also ensure their food safety and hygiene process. while eating the food or cooking the food (Tian, 2017).
Hygiene Standards for:
Persons who handle and prepare foodstuffs- The food hygiene standards will be maintained by the person who handles the food and prepaid the foodstuff is they have to control the hygiene process and take the measurements of the safety (Gaglio, et al., 2021).
Premises- Premises have to take the permission to take care of the food and the safety procedure while cooking the food in the kitchen.
Equipment- Before cooking the food the person should sanitize the equipment .which is going to be used while cooking the food such as knife containers and the other dishwashers should be clean perfectly.
Cross-contamination risks in the 3 areas mentioned in a,b,c:- All the three points in the safety measurements of hygiene standards .while cooking the food will play an important role because they have to cook the food in a safe and hygiene process environment.
Provisions for cleaning regimes including cleaning procedures, sanitation and suitable chemicals or mechanical procedures (for example a dishwasher).
According to the details of cooking procedures. the cleaning procedures have to take into account and also analyze the critical areas of the types of equipment. these are the equipment that is used for cooking the food. as they have to create potential breeding Grounds and rid of the bacteria which stay remain on the containers after cooking the food (Tian, 2017).
Each step of the catering cycle from ordering to distribution of foods, with the requirements and monitoring processes at each step clearly outlined, with applied examples.
(For example it is insufficient to state “measure temperature” – you will need to explain how temperatures are measured; what the specific temperature must be according to the commodity you are inspecting; and what your corrective actions will need to include in case of any discrepancy – apply these at all steps.)
The catering cycle consisted of:
Purchasing
receiving
storing and issuing
preparing
selling
The food also has to maintain the food procedure according to the time and order requirement to monitor the process.
The meaning of hazardous foods, especially as described by local legislation and national food codes including typical examples for potentially hazardous foods across all food groups.
The real meaning and potential of hazardous food are they have the duty to keep the temperature of particular food according to the food taste and requirement of the food. the reason behind this is that they have to minimize the growth of food poisoning and bacteria in the cooking food (Gaglio, et al., 2021).
Instructions for the use, sanitation and calibration of food thermometers including the legally permitted tolerances for probe thermometers.
The instruction for using sanitization and calibration of a food thermometer is to maintain the food temperature and also make sure to maintain food safety procedures with sanitization.
The requirements for ensuring food safety for single use items.
While cooking the food if the food requirement insured the food safety as the use the item for a single time. this will describe as they are taking care of the safety measurement .as they are not willing to use those items again while cooking the food.
The requirements for handling and disposing of damaged items, food that has been recalled, waste removal and vermin control.
The requirement for handling and disposing of damaged items the waste and removal also the vermin control should be maintained in the food they cook have to measure to not using the disposing and damage damaged item while cooking the food (Nayik, et al., 2015).
A list of examples for highly perishable foods from each food group, the specific storing requirements and special requirements for hygienic handling.
Various types of perishable foods would be stored according to their requirement in the specific condition the products are such as dairy products seafood and vegetable fruits meat cooked food and root vegetables and also uncooked meat will be perishable
A cleaning and sanitising procedure for a mincer, blender and coolroom or fridge. The cleaning procedure must take into account the critical areas of these pieces of equipment which could create potential breeding grounds for bacteria and how this can be effectively avoided.
During the cleaning of mind sir and blender, the person should maintain and follow the safety procedure. Also, they have to use the safety equipment before cleaning the electronics and Gadgets .they have to unplug them to avoid such types of risky appearance while cleaning the types of equipment.
An outline of all potential high risk customer groups and the implications of poor food standards for these groups.
The potential risk and the high risk will occur in the customer groups because of the poor food standards for these groups. they have some kinds of disease and also get infected because of the poor food services which make them ill and create a problem for their health.
A general overview of common allergens and what needs to be considered in terms of:
Ensuring suitable ingredients are selected- There is the person who has some kinds of allergies which will occur due to some specific ingredients. that the cook will use while cooking the food. during the cooking of the food, they have to make assure to ask the customer. if they have any kind of allergies to any kind of ingredients make sure to avoid such kinds of risks (Nayik, et al., 2015).
Provisions to prevent any cross-contamination and hygiene issues- The provision to prevent any cross contaminations and hygiene issues to avoid such type of contamination. while cooking the food they have to clean the utensils use the spread utensils and also handle the different types of foods and equipment while cooking the food to maintain the safety measures in the kitchen.
The provisions to ensure egg safety in an establishment, relevant to:
Hygiene Requirements for handling, processing, and storage- During handling the eggs and storing them safely they have to store the egg in their cartoon at or below 5 degrees Celsius. this will help to prevent damage and cross-contamination during the storage, and also this will maintain the freshness in the egg for a long time (Nayik, et al., 2015)..
4 examples of dishes using eggs that are considered high risk and how these risks can be avoided or reduced
They should not wash the egg and clean them while putting them into the cartoon. Also, they have to remove the egg which is cracked and dirty out of the Other this will not infect. The Other eggs into the tray. the four examples of dishes using the eggs that are considered the high risk and the cook have to make the assure to avoid or reduce types of risk while cooking them are:
Raw egg mayonnaise
Raw cake mix and biscuit dough
health shakes which use raw egg
Raw egg sandwich
References
Benito, S. (2019). The management of compounds that influence human health in modern winemaking from an HACCP point of view. Fermentation, 5(2), 33.
Gaglio, R., Todaro, M., & Settanni, L. (2021). Improvement of raw milk cheese hygiene through the selection of starter and non-starter lactic acid bacteria: The successful case of PDO Pecorino Siciliano cheese. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1834.
Kamboj, S., Gupta, N., Bandral, J. D., Gandotra, G., & Anjum, N. (2020). Food safety and hygiene: a review. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 8(2), 358-368.
Nayik, G. A., Muzaffar, K., & Gull, A. (2015). Robotics and food technology: a mini review. J. Nutr. Food Sci, 5(4), 1-11.
Tian, F. (2017, June). A supply chain traceability system for food safety based on HACCP, blockchain & Internet of things. In 2017 International conference on service systems and service management (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Research Questions
Question 1
What issues are faced by the managers of every department while handling their employees during the remote working?
Question 2
How do increase the productivity of employees during their remote working?
Question 3
How do you reduce the communication issues when employees are working remotely?
Literature Review
According to the several authors, the information will be derived that productivity of employees will be increased by conducting training sessions for them and enhance their knowledge, also upgrade their skills so that their knowledge will increase and they can perform well, as well as able to achieve the targets.
Issues can be faced by the employees and managers while handling them, as their productivity can be reduced, and communication issues can also be faced among employees that proper information is not exchanged among them while directly impacting their activities and results will also be increased. Managers may face issues that they are not able to trace the productivity of employees, as they all are working remotely, from the different locations as well as different time zones (Flores, 2019).
Managers must conduct the brainstorming sessions in a few days so that performance of employees can be improved, and it leads to an increase in the overall productivity of employees in the organization. Also, encourage more informal conversations among employees, and they can have separate chat channels such as Google hangouts where they can meet and communicate with each other, as well as coordinate their work. Coordinating is required to synchronize the efforts of all the team members because if they do not coordinate with each other, it directly impacts their performance. It leads to a decrease the communication issues among employees and managers (MacRae, et al., 2020).
It happens that employees who are working remotely will not be communicating with their team members or those outside the team, and they are not efficient while making connections. So, new activities must be conducted along with the informal conversations which lead to improving their performance and they can make connections with each other.
Methodology Used
The methodology used for conducting the dissertation and collecting information will be qualitative and collecting secondary data. From different websites, the data will be collected and it will be used according to the requirements of the dissertation and research. The method of collecting secondary data is public records, government publications, and journal articles. After reading the journal articles, information on the research objectives as well as research questions will be identified. Secondary data can also be collected by reading newspapers and articles, and from there plenty of information can be determined which will be very useful for the research paper.
Search articles on the search engine result pages regarding the impact of remote working on the environment, and provide information that how to encourage employees to increase their productivity during the remote working and what issues they can face as well as how to reduce those issues so it will not affect their learning process, and they can maximize their learning process.
References
Flores, M.F., 2019. Understanding the challenges of remote working and it’s impact to workers. International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM), 4(11), pp.40-44. http://ijbmm.com/paper/Nov2019/824043604.pdf
MacRae, I. and Sawatzky, R., 2020. Remote working: Personality and performance research results. Accessed: Apr, 21, p.2021. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/65534893/Remote_Working_Personality_and_Performance_Research_Results_1_-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1651927887&Signature=Sk9JRaB4MIIatZdQoYUO80sBynMLLMQcUmFtRsL7pVKNovOoPfFnuOo0tXqOkGG-VK4dqH7HYF742Zmrjy2M1IgkW4C6xg~i~en93oh4Qqw9I5NsJhIBH-63hoTS2KP3zllcKVPUrpiHwqlqBo2gAwY4iUxFhkmfuAaJ6-i1jATBwJ~mRIsqt7Qg0aGFVvd8FsbRmyyxzoiyQrnWO41e8ktbYnvhiAIjRjXp82DUzN5vhPBpWNsOUfndIdIfM1W0TwnKI53V4LBRSi1r7L94f~oyq8lL5sTOy~Bchn7xx2SBfPCBTARAwvck5Q5VYFJbW4jwI-32cSN7TWitYtIStQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA
Assessment task 2
Question 1
Learning strategies report
Models and approaches
Grow Management is a consultancy company, and it provides development services such as mentoring, training, coaching, etc. A new strategic plan has one key objective for the consultant company to develop a learning organization, so the company appoints a general manager to develop, implement, and monitor an organizational learning strategy of the company. (Rodrigues, et al.,2018) There are some methods and approaches for a learning strategy report which is helpful for the company, approaches are given below:
1) Kolb Learning Model
2) Honey Mumford model
3) Hermann Brain Dominance
Company growth
Learning strategy is helpful to motivate employees, and students both personally and professionally because it gives them the opportunity to grow. Create an effective market presence so that it will help full to increase sales. For increasing the growth of a company always focus on customer experience and satisfaction. (Rodrigues, et al.,2018)
Give training and motivation to existing and new workers to improve their work performance and attain organizational goals.
Learning policies
As a growing management manager, I analyzed the existing policies of the company, and I found that organization should update its policies and procedures so that new employees will update on those policies. So that company achieves its organizational goal in an easy way. Give advertisements on television or on social media for new beat candidates.
Best practice
As a manager of the company, I monitor all current practices that the company will use for growing management consultant company. Give the best training to their existing employee and the new ones when they are appointed. Forms the protest policy and procedures to defend the employees.
Strategy suggestions
There are some strategies that should be followed by the company are given below:
1) Communicate the plan – After making the plan second thing is important to do is communicate the plan with your team member. So that everyone will be aware of the plan.
2) Break it down – The company must follow breakdown procedures to allocate the work to workers. Or helpful for the manager to assign the work to employees according to their skill and their ability.
3) Set deadlines – Grow management company must set their project deadlines so everyone submitted their project on time.
Technological and systems requirements
Every management or company needs technological requirements to grow its business. Technological requirements are Auxiliary Equipment, proper internet access, and computer all are the basic technological requirements.
The system requires all who are engaged in the project. It recognizes the functionality.
Audience Process Delivery method Frequency and duration Assessment
Educator Conduct meetings to get customer fulfillment. Take feedback from your customer to know about customers satisfaction 4-5 days After getting feedback from the customer manager compare past feedback and present feedback to know their performance and their improvement from to present.
Marketing manager Identify customer needs and their wants and according to them develop a marketing program. Solicit feedback from them through social media. Keyboard research. 5-6 days After knowing the feedback of the customer marketing manager differencing the past and present performance.
Leaders Leaders led their team members by giving them proper training and updating their skills. Leaders provide training through the training session. 7-8 days After leading, monitoring their performance differentiate their present and past performances.
Question 2
Role-play
Date- 12-4-2022
Time- 11:00
Duration- 12 minutes
Agenda – Discussion on learning strategy report
Attendees- CEO and General Manager
General manager – Good noon sir
CEO- Good morning, sir
General manager – Today I want to confer the report with you and some suggestions to improve the report and some new addition.
CEO- ok Good
General Manager- Sir, in the learning strategy report I explain models and approaches for growing the consultant company, suggestions are also provided for the problem are included in the report, if you want a copy, I also provide that.
CEO- ok, what do you want to improve in the organization structure.
General manager- The company must adopt a communication plan in the organization and work breakdown procedures helps to manage employee.
CEO- what about the technological and system requirements.
General Manager- The technological requirement is the best computer system, and deliver the top facilities to their clients. For the best outcome company must train their new employee in a proper way.
CEO- ok good
Thank you
Have a nice day
Question 3
Organizational learning strategy
Introduction
It is a consultant company that runs services such as mentoring, training and sharing coaching to its clients. The organization wants to expand its business and the objective is to earn profits by at least 10% in the financial year. And expanding their consultancy company worldwide. (Peters, et al., 2013)
Purpose
The main purpose of that strategy is to achieve profits of at minimum 10% in an upcoming fiscal year.
Commitment
The promise is to make a good connection with the customer and their core values and also develop organizational learning.
Organizational requirements
The main organizational requirement is to hire new faculty who give training to their new students and new policies and procedures for their new faculty and students. (Peters, et al., 2013)
Units of competency
1) Personal competency
2) Communication
3) Brainstorming session
Communication procedures
The company must follow communication procedures and every employee should follow that procedure to stay well-mannered. It describes the particular requirements for external and internal communication. Like email, notes, and calls, social media.
Strategies
Strategy Flexibility Timeline Resources Responsibilities Performance indicators
Including new technology to improve the profit of the organization Medium flexibility 1-2 weeks New technology or machinery To improve the performance of the organization Revenue Growth
Create a new market strategy to achieve organizational goals High flexibility 1-2 weeks Time, Money, Energy, Expertise To improve the market value of products. Customer satisfaction
Provide technical training to staff members Medium flexibility 2 weeks Technical resources To improve the technical value of the organization Cost per lead
Question 4
Learning and development policy and procedures
Introduction
The company must be updated time by time. It is responsible for the growth of employees and their skills, knowledge, and ability to initiate better business performance. (Kong, et al., 2014)
Purpose
Its main purpose is to set employee goals and boost their performance, reduce workload and turnover and improve company culture. The main purpose is to identify skill gaps between employees and teams. (Kong, et al., 2014)
Duties and responsibilities
Policies and procedures are mainly created for the employees and organization members so that they know their responsibility and their job in the organization according to their project. It has two main roles direct managers and individuals of the company.
Provide learning sessions to their employees.
Procedures
1) Firstly, developed policies and identify needs
2) who will take accountability
3) Collect information
4) Create agenda
5) Formulate procedures
6) Implement procedures
Identifying Learning and Development needs and opportunities-
1) Flexibility
2) Management skill
3) Communication skill
4) Current and future capability needs
Study leave – Give leaves to students and learners so they don’t take study as a bourdon, so they relaxed some time from the work.
Funding – for funding, there are some common sources of funding :
1) Business loans
2) Venture capital
3) Friends and family
Question 5
Assessment and Recognition Policy and Procedures
Purpose – It has two main purposes:
1) First is to identify a learner’s skills and knowledge
2) Certify that the safety of personnel involved
Principles – Learners should provide information prior to assessments began. Assessors hold relevant experiences in harmony with those required in the standards of RTOs. (Toshkov,& de Haan,2013)
Responsibilities- Responsibilities of the organization are to make a good workshop for the faculty and faculty are accountable to stretch feedback if they look for any problems while executing services.
Recognition Policy – It is helpful for recognition of excellent performance and inspires the staff whose performance is good. (Toshkov, & de Haan,2013)
Question 6
External Training Procurement Policy and Procedures
Introduction- This policy and procedures increase the higher level of integrity, the best value of money, and the interest of the contractor. (David, & David, 2016)
Principles
1) Identify the needs of the company related
2) submit purchase
3) Fill the skill gaps and technological gaps.
Procedures
1) Ensure the goal line of the organization.
2) What type of training is given to them.
3) After identifying the exercise program, training will be directed to workers
4) After Providing them with training, monitor their performance (David, & David, 2016)
Question 7
Two learning sources
1) Software- It is automated and helps the teachers so that teacher can easily train their students with them. It provides many learning options, and solve student problem instantly. (Luo, & Weng, 2019)
2) Recordings- recordings are probably used for teaching something by the pre- recorder, helpful for Students for making voice notes. Who wants to learn it is very useful for them. (Luo, & Weng, 2019)
References
David, F., & David, F. R. (2016). Strategic management: A competitive advantage approach, concepts and cases (p. 696). Florence: Pearson–Prentice Hall.
Kong, L. N., Qin, B., Zhou, Y. Q., Mou, S. Y., & Gao, H. M. (2014). The effectiveness of problem-based learning on development of nursing students’ critical thinking: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of nursing studies, 51(3), 458-469.
Luo, S., & Weng, Y. (2019). A two-stage supervised learning approach for electricity price forecasting by leveraging different data sources. Applied energy, 242, 1497-1512.
Peters, K., Haslam, S. A., Ryan, M. K., & Fonseca, M. (2013). Working with subgroup identities to build organizational identification and support for organizational strategy: A test of the ASPIRe model. Group & Organization Management, 38(1), 128-144.
Rodrigues, E. R., Oliveira, I., Cunha, R., & Netto, M. (2018, October). DeepDownscale: a deep learning strategy for high-resolution weather forecast. In 2018 IEEE 14th International Conference on e-Science (e-Science) (pp. 415-422). IEEE.
Toshkov, D., & de Haan, L. (2013). The Europeanization of asylum policy: an assessment of the EU impact on asylum applications and recognitions rates. Journal of European Public Policy, 20(5), 661-683.
Assessment 1: Case study
The manager of VCEA Café planned his afternoon to run the café smoothly
As we all know that the celebrations were going on at Father’s VCEA Café. Due to the delicious food of the café, it was visited by the local people. A party was held here on the occasion of Father’s Day, but some obstacle has arisen in the party, we will discuss that obstacle here. The thing to note in the café is that sometime before the booking, complete details of the people related to that program should be taken. Due to this, the work management in the café was done smoothly, such as judging its list in advance of the program, assessing the health of the people related to the program, and providing emergency help in case of emergency.
How to manage the workload of the staff during café booking?
The work of the staff was distributed equally at the time of booking and they should be made to work according to their physical consent. If we feel that their work is not being done on time or there is any delay in it, then we should immediately get information about it from the staff and systematically solve them. At the time of booking, we should keep a close eye on the little things, so that no question mark is put on the reputation of the cafe or the people related to it. All the work related to the cafe should be distributed according to the qualification of its staff and should keep taking information about all the related work distributed (Mundt, et al., 2020).
How can manager delegates their duties better?
The manager should make all the employees fully aware of their work and responsibilities and they should be asked to do a thorough check of all kinds of items which were useful in today’s program and from time to time all the goods which are available on this occasion. They need to check whether they are working. With this, no customer will have to face any problem and their time will also be saved (Mundt, et al., 2020).
The main issues that arise in the VCEA café on Father’s Day are
The first and most important issue is delayed food making and this is the major issue they are faced in the whole booking.
The second issue arises in the staff management, they need to recruit some emergency staff for some kind of emergency because all things started when they are facing a shortage of staff issue.
They are also not able to manage the work related to customer support and customer satisfaction.
They also don’t have the proper sitting arrangement for customers this is the reason they are sitting outside of the room.
The delays in customer services and they are not able to satisfy them (Melián, et al., 2020).
The manager and staff should deal with the situation better
They need to establish a better support staff.
They also need to be transparent with each of the café members.
They need to keep clear all the job roles and responsibilities of each of the café staff.
They need to take all the proper feedback related to the customer from your staff (Melián, et al., 2020).
The short terms solutions to the situation related to the café are
They need to provide the proper facilities and customer service.
They should keep all the equipment ready related to the work.
They should hire some new emergency staff for an emergency (Clements, et al., 2021).
The services we should provide and implement are
They need to give them instant services. They should provide the full comfort zone and full space. If my customer had some issue they need to solve it separately. They need to listen to the customer first then they started to speak (Clements, et al., 2021).
The points per service are
They need to fix their schedule on time.
They should keep early bookings.
They need to keep some tables unreserved for unreserved regular customers (Clements, et al., 2021).
For smooth services for the BOH
Trained your employee for excellent customer service
Encourage them for establishing better communication with the customers.
Politely deal with customers.
Maintain hygiene and cleanliness in your café (Clements, et al., 2021).
Assessment 2: Case study
Question 1
The main housekeeping issues in Rockstone are
As we all know Fried and Wilma do the cleaning work together in the hotel, but for some time they seem to be getting a lot of problems related to this work. Both of them were unable to keep the room clean properly for many customers and could not even complete the cleaning work on time. Due to this, its effect was seen on the hotel and its reputation and the customer was not even satisfied (Nimri, et al., 2020).
Question 2
Staff workload and workflow
They need to ensure appropriate staff because a proper staff is a big support system in any hotel, but also they need to sure that they have suitable knowledge of everything like skills, technique, and communication. Workload refers to the physical or cognitive effort required to carry out a task. Because it is difficult to do the cleaning of the hotel with two people, so they should choose someone else for the same work. This will facilitate everyone to work and work will also be done on time (Nimri, et al., 2020)
Question 3
Options to improve the hotel management
Frank and Josie should hire an experienced manager who has worked here for many years and who can do the job. By this Frank and Josie give equal attention to all the work of the hotel. The convenience of the hotel rests on its management. As long as there is no one to guide the hotel smoothly, even the best hotel gives its fame (Nimri, et al., 2020).
Question 4
Betty should manage the timing of housekeeping staff and monitor their work effectively. She should see the timing of check in and check out so work schedule can be managed.
Question 5
Two opportunities to improve day to day operations
The hotel may have taken the slackness lane and the hotel may have to speed up its emergency service to communicate the convenience. For whatever reason, if the hotel staff is not available or there is any shortage of staff. So, to keep the hotel tidy, an emergency staff team should be kept ready.
You have to provide alternate facilities inside the hotel like electricity and water.
Recycle the waste and implement a new recycled program (Rogerson, et al., 2018).
Question 6
Workflow plan
They need to Create a Cleaning Program Using Industry to clear the area.
Room cleaning is based on need after the guest checks out.
Keep your eyes on Vacant rooms.
Analise which rooms are not provided services and why (Rogerson, et al., 2018).
Question 7
Staff records in the hotel
Register for guest massage- keep all their messages related to customers in your hands.
Babysitting register- the housekeeping needs to provide babysitting to guests and also provide them a tiny play area.
Logbook – in this the manager should instruct the staff on another shift work (Rogerson, et al., 2018).
Assessment 3: Written Task
Question 1
A manager has to do various tasks in his day-to-day life like planning for the organization, organizing everything, then staffing, directing the employees, and controlling. With this, he has performed both inside and outside duties. He has to check every work, manage everything, sign the documents, motivate employees, hire and fire, and manage discipline in the company with that he has to take various important decisions for an organization (Taghavi Moghaddam, et al., 2018). Perform informational role transfer various important information to company’s members and to the outsiders.
Question 2
A manager has to become a good communicator with be a good listener. They also provide time for others so that they can also give their review or say what they want. He motivates people and also keeps up to date with their employees. They perform all the actions to achieve the organization’s goal that all make manager work differently from others. They take the decision to make productivity more effective.
Question 3
Qualities of a good leader: he must have good communications skill: Good communication is very important for achieving an organization’s goal. Transform the information to the insider and outsider and motivate employees.
Giving respect: people should be treated with full respect. It is a very important quality of a good leader. It helps to reduce confusion, tension, and conflict, and improve potency (Hunt & Fedynich, 2019).
Quality of influencing: The power of influencing and influencing people for achieving an organization’s goal. Convince people of a good quality of a leader. Influence is different from manipulations.
Question 4
Total quality management can be described as expertise of managing the complete work procedure for achieves quality. It is a continuous process and helps to reduce errors in manufacturing and help to better customer experience. It includes set of organized actions carried out by all employees of an organization effectively & efficiently for achieving the company’s goals (Siva, 2016).
Question 5
Every employee wants two things that are money and happiness.
Provide clear assumptions: Clear expectations should be provided to employees that on this day I want to work complete, if u complete it I will give you reward that is motivation technique.
Create a friendly environment: It is very important to create a friendly environment for employees it helps to make them comfortable. It helps to attain company goals (Ahmad & Jameel, 2018).
Rewarding: Give time to time rewards to employees help them to get motivated and then they do their work effectively. So, managers always try to give simple incentives.
Question 6
If we do not prioritize in an effective manner, we will waste lots of important time, and energy. If we will don’t prioritize we are never as productive as we want. It makes sure that we distribute enough time to complete tasks and make important changes to save time and do more productivity. It also allows you to focus on every important task every day.
Question 7
Delegation means assigning work to others and giving them authority to do the work on behalf of the leader. A leader can’t do any work alone and if he does so he might be unsuccessful. The main element of delegation is assigning the duties, transfer of authority, and fixing accountability (Adler & Walker, 2019).
It helps in improving time management.
Helps to build trust within the organization
Advantages of special skills
Helps to save time
Motivate employees.
Question 9
Programmed decision:
These help to solve day-to-day problems.
Describe rules and procedures in taking decisions.
For a longer period of time, these decisions remain consistent in many situations.
These kinds of decision-making are for solving both simple and critical problems.
Every decision which will help to take is separate.
Non-programmed decision:
These decisions help to solve tactical and unique problems.
There is no consistency and every decision is different.
Help to solve complex decisions.
These kinds of decisions require judgment.
Question 10
Monitoring operations need to manage omission, taking feedback from employees, and taking reviews from customers. It improves the operation which is needed to analyze the collected data. It is referred to as the work itself. Continuously monitoring the ways to improve workplace operations can help the organization to hold on and stay. Monitoring is help to determine how well plans are implemented. Work included staff performance, servicing levels, delivery of services, and satisfaction of the customer, Paperwork dealing.
Question 11
Ways to monitor the actions of employees.
By watching employees
Most of the best ways to monitor the employee’s performance with own eyes. Watching employees how they interact with customers. That is how they represent our company in front of customers.
By reviewing
Check employees’ work by reviewing their work in progress on a regular basis. Check their work carefully if they are responsible or not. We should keep track of everything on a regular basis.
By asking others
Collect data. Ask with customers, vendors, and other managers about employees how their behaviour we should always ask about employees’ work.
Question 12
Norm is a good person. But norms dint help kenny when he is fall on the stairs and his back hurt badly and norm failed to ensure that Kenny completed an injury report form. After 6 months Kenny is still experiencing pain he also applies for work cover but there is no record of his injury at the workplace. Norms is reluctant to take action.
Norm falling to keep proper staff records he does not record proper records like orders, accounts, and payment of salaries. And not help her employees when he wants to claim.
Norm should understand his responsibility towards employees and organizational work he has to maintain proper records of everything and help the worker when they want to provide proper claims to Ken
Question 14
National employment standard:
Weekly working hours:
Maximum weekly working hours are 38 hours per week for full-time permanent employees.
Leaves:
Parental leaves and entitlements 12 months of unpaid leaves for employees for the preceding 12 months and these are all depending on the employee’s specific circumstances.
Public holidays:
It is a paid day off on a public holiday for permanent employees. A higher pay rate may apply.
Personal are leaves:
Compassionate leave an unpaid family leave – 10 days of paid personal care leave for employees who are permanent. leave for unpaid family and domestic violence leave for permanent and casual employees.
Question 15
Main objectives of WHS legislation
It provides technical and administrative service support. Maintain health and safety standards. It helps to reduce accidents in workplace-related injuries and diseases. Companies’ goals are to make sure employer-provided health and service to their employees such as submitting to toxic chemicals, and controlling noise excessive, heat, and cold stress. It is a law to protect the health and safety of employees for their welfare. It is the duty of the manager to be their employees.
Question 16
It is an employer’s main responsibility to make sure that organization is protected for workers. The equipment should be safe so the worker can do their work effectively in a protected environment. The employer must inspect the workplace on regular basis. Investigate accidents that occur in the office and find the causes of it.
Educated workers about their health and safety
Provide knowledge to employees about health and safety.
An employer must be sure that all work is carried out without risk.
Machinery and equipment are shall safe.
Unsafe materials are corrected without delay.
Question 18
It plays a very important role in creating slant and efficient processes. It helps to eliminate or reduce the delays in work .and also helps an organization to speed up and achieve specific tasks. It also helps to take relevant information from the customer. It helps to improve communication of business. It helps in increasing the connectivity of staff and help to maintain collaboration between the different team. It helps in enhancing employees and helps to motivate them. Analyze the performance of workers and track their progress.
Question 19
Receive advantage from industry research and reports trends:
It is the simplest thing you can do for better trends. Leaders of industries perform original research.
Publications and influences follow regularly in industries:
We don’t have the desire or time to read every report.
We use different kinds of equipment and observations in the system to find out the trends and directions that are captioned.
You need to surround by smart people.
Maintain manual observations.
Correct questions should be asked and listed to customers.
Learn to accept and clasp the change.
Question 20
Communication skills are the first key employers will check. From the recent moment, you get connected with it. The employer will inspect the way you behave.
If you are thinking about your problem see this problem as a piece of a cake on your plate and be wary of giving an immediate answer. Take the time to observe the situation, think of all possible scenarios, and if it is doable ask for some time to go and do a few searches to find out more.
An ability to do the different kinds of assignments at the same time, and it’s being ready to do work under in every kind of change the condition and its management or environment and rules are highly appreciated.
It is the talent to make the relations with the person around it, the circumstances, and the ability to inspire them to do what is needed and what the things are essential to be done (Udin, et al,. 2019).
Question 21
When the operation efficiency of a company grows its trends reduce the working needs for spending and their increment the financial stamina of the company.
For investors and traders and their marketing operations, efficiency and transaction costs are low.
Question 22
To support the work operations:
⦁ First is the code of conduct.
⦁ The internet and e mail policy
⦁ Harassment and anti-discrimination policy.
⦁ Drugs and alcohol policy.
⦁ Recruitment policy.
⦁ Safety and health policy (Udin, et al., 2019).
.
References
Adler, J. H., & Walker, C. J. (2019). Delegation and Time. Iowa L. Rev., 105, 1931.
Ahmad, M. A. A., & Jameel, A. S. (2018). Factors affecting on job satisfaction among academic staff. Polytechnic Journal, 8(2).
Clements, A. J., Sharples, A., & Kinman, G. (2021). Identifying well-being challenges and solutions in the police service: A World Café approach. The Police Journal, 94(2), 81-101.
Hunt, T., & Fedynich, L. (2019). Leadership: Past, present, and future: An evolution of an idea. Journal of Arts and Humanities, 8(2), 22-26.
Melián-Alzola, L., Fernández-Monroy, M., & Hidalgo-Peñate, M. (2020). Hotels in contexts of uncertainty: Measuring organisational resilience. Tourism management perspectives, 36, 100747.
Mundt, A. (2020). The Bundeskartellamt in times of COVID-19: adaption of workflows and implications for our enforcement practice. Journal of Antitrust Enforcement, 8(2), 253-255.
Nimri, R., Kensbock, S., Bailey, J., Jennings, G., & Patiar, A. (2020). Realizing dignity in housekeeping work: Evidence of five star hotels. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 19(3), 368-387.
Rogerson, J. M. (2018). The early development of hotels in Johannesburg ca 1928–1963. African Journal of Hospitality Tourism and Leisure, 7(4), 1-16.
Siva, V., Gremyr, I., Bergquist, B., Garvare, R., Zobel, T., & Isaksson, R. (2016). The support of Quality Management to sustainable development: A literature review. Journal of cleaner production, 138, 148-157.
Taghavi Moghaddam, A., Massihabadee, A., Shorvarzi, M., & Mehrazeen, A. (2018). Board of directors and general manager role in organization governance and attention to board of directors’ characteristics components. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 7, 143-152.
Udin, U., Handayani, S., Yuniawan, A., & Rahardja, E. (2019). Leadership styles and communication skills at Indonesian higher education: Patterns, influences, and applications for organization. Organizations and markets in emerging economies, 10(1), 111-131.
Assessment 2
Introduction
Nature care products are a cosmetics company that manufactures skin care products by using natural and organic ingredients. Nature care has 70% of women customers and 30% of men customers. The company want to increase their sale and attract new man customer. To increase the sale of the business, the company conduct a marketing survey and identified that male customers are interested in hair care products instead of skincare. Due to this reason, the natural care products identified the organic material or ingredient to manufacture the hair care product for the male customers. The main aim of nature care is to provide the best quality products to the customer according to their skin or skin problems.
Meeting 1 – Team activities
Agenda
Date 18/05/2022
Time 11:00 am
Duration 10 min
Venue Conference hall
Attendees Manager, staff members
Agenda Discussion on the team activities.
Preparation
1. Send an invitation to the team member of the business
Email
From – Managerofthenaturecareproducts@au.in
To – Teammemberofthenaturecareproducts@au.in
Subject – Send an invitation to the team members for the meeting
Date of email – 14/05/2022
Respected sir,
This mail is written to inform you that I want to conduct the meeting to discuss the team activities. Kindly please attend the meeting and give your suggestion for the team activities. There is some detail of the meeting is given below –
Date of meeting – 18/05/2022
Time of meeting – 11:00 am
Duration – 10min
Venue – conference hall
Attendees – manager and staff members
Note – Please all the staff members come on time to attend the meeting.
Kind regards
Manager
Naturecare products
2. Send mail to the management team for meeting arrangements
From – Managerofthenaturecareproducts@au.in
To – Managementteamofthenaturecareproducts@au.in
Subject – Meeting arrangements
Date of email – 14/05/2022
Respected sir,
This mail is written to inform you that I want to conduct a meeting with the team member to discuss the team activities. Due to this reason, I want your help in the arranging of the meeting. There are some arrangements that you all make to conduct the proper meeting such as
1. Check the internet connection.
2. Arrange snacks and drinks for the team members who attend the meetings.
3. Check the seating arrangements.
4. Check the projectors and position to identify whether it working or not.
Kindly please follow this arrangement and complete all the tasks before 18/05/2022.
Kind regards
Manager
Naturecare products
Conduct the meeting
Date – 18/05/2022
Time – 11:00 am
Duration – 10 min
Agenda – Discussion on Team activities
Attendees – Manager and team members
Venue – conference hall
Manager – good morning.
Team members – good morning, sir.
Manager – Today, I conduct the meeting to discuss the team activities to build a good team to complete all the tasks on time and also increase the sale of the business.
Team members – ok, sir.
Manager – There are some activities that you all must perform and follow to build a good team to achieve all the objectives of the business such as
1. All the team members must use the open communication method while communicating with any stakeholder of the business whether they are internal or external stakeholders.
2. All the team members must support each other in their work.
3. All the team members must take participation in the team meeting and brainstorming activities to get new skills and knowledge about their job roles. You also must share your views and suggestion in the brainstorming session to improve your critical thinking skills.
4. All the team members must follow the standards and procedures of an organisation to achieve the organisation’s goals.
5. All the employees must do all the work together as a team.
Team members – ok, sir.
Manager – Now, I want your suggestion to build a strong team.
Team members – According to our suggestion, the manager and employee’s relationship must be strong in the workplace to achieve the organisation’s goals. To build a good working relationship, a manager must use interpersonal leadership while leading the team members.
Manager – ok, good suggestions.
Thank you
Have a good day.
Follow up
Feedback from the team leaders of all the department
Conduct meeting
Date – 25/06/2022
Time – 11:00 am
Duration – 5 min
Agenda – Discussion on the performance of the team members
Attendees – Manager and team leaders
Venue – conference hall
Manager – good morning.
Team leaders – good morning, sir.
Manager – Today, I conduct a meeting to discuss the performance of the team members of your respective departments.
Team leaders – Ok, sir.
Manager – I want to know whether your team performance is improved or not after discussion.
Team leaders – Sir, all the team members perform well and follow the standards of an organisation to achieve the organisation’s goals. Some team members start doing overtime to complete their targets.
Manager – Oh! It is really good news.
Thank you
Have a nice day.
Meeting minutes
Meeting title – Team activities
Date 18/05/2022
Time 11:00 am
Duration 10 min
Venue Conference hall
Attendees Manager, staff members
Decisions and discussion
Decisions Description
Manager The manager suggests that all the employees of the company work together as team members to achieve the organisation’s goals (Dhenesh, et al., 2012).
Staff members Staff members suggest that team leaders must use interpersonal leadership skills to build a good and strong working relationship between team members and team leaders.
Action taken
Actions Responsibility
Use the open communication method. Team members
Develop Critical thinking skills and problem-solving skills (Bens, 2017). Team members
Meeting 2 – Sales meeting
Agenda
Date 25/05/2022
Time 11:00 am
Duration 10 min
Venue Conference hall
Attendees Manager, staff members
Agenda Discussion on the sales performance (Dhenesh, et al., 2012).
Preparation
1. Send an invitation to the team member of the business
Email
From – Managerofthenaturecareproducts@au.in
To – Teammemberofthenaturecareproducts@au.in
Subject – Send an invitation to the team members for the meeting
Date of email – 19/05/2022
Respected sir,
This mail is written to inform you that I want to conduct the meeting to discuss the sales performance. Kindly please attend the meeting and give your suggestion for the team activities. There is some detail of the meeting is given below –
Date of meeting – 18/05/2022
Time of meeting – 11:00 am
Duration – 10min
Venue – conference hall
Attendees – manager and staff members
Note – Please all the staff members come on time to attend the meeting and also review the sales figure of the company.
Kind regards
Manager
Naturecare products
2. Send mail to the management team for meeting arrangements
From – Managerofthenaturecareproducts@au.in
To – Managementteamofthenaturecareproducts@au.in
Subject – Meeting arrangements
Date of email – 20/05/2022
Respected sir,
This mail is written to inform you that I want to conduct a meeting with the team member to discuss the team activities. Due to this reason, I want your help in the arranging of the meeting. There are some arrangements that you all make to conduct the proper meeting such as
1. Check the internet connection.
2. Arrange snacks and drinks for the team members who attend the meetings.
3. Check the seating arrangements.
4. Check the projectors and position to identify whether it working or not.
Kindly please follow this arrangement and complete all the tasks before 18/05/2022.
Kind regards
Manager
Naturecare products
Conduct meeting
Date – 25/05/2022
Time – 11:00 am
Duration – 10 min
Agenda – Discussion on sale performance
Attendees – Manager and team members
Venue – conference hall
Manager – good morning.
Team members – good morning, sir.
Manager – Today, I conduct the meeting to discuss the sales performance of the business.
Team members – ok, sir.
Manager – Over the last few months, I noticed that the sales performance of the company decreases day by day.
Team members – yes, sir.
Manager – You know why the sale of the business is decreasing day by day.
Team members – yes, sir. We notice that male customers do not take interest in skincare products. The marketing team of the organisation conduct the people survey to identify the demand for the male customer. They identified that male customers are interested in organic hair care products instead of skincare products.
Manager – Yes, I also identify this reason. Due to this reason, the head of the company decided that we give responsibility to the marketing team that they conduct the market research to identify the supplier that provides organic and natural products which we use to manufacture the hair care products. There are some other reasons also due to which sales of the business is decreasing such as
1. I observe that some sales team members do not listen to the demand of the customer and directly show the products to them.
2. I also notice that some sales team members do not communicate properly with the customers.
So, I request to all of you that all the team members must communicate properly with the customer and provide the products to the customers according to their demands.
Team members – ok, sir.
Thank you
Have a good day.
Follow up
Feedback from the team leaders of all the marketing, sale, and production department
Conduct meeting
Date – 25/07/2022
Time – 11:00 am
Duration – 5 min
Agenda – Discussion on the performance of the team members
Attendees – Manager and team leaders
Venue – conference hall
Manager – good morning.
Team leaders – good morning, sir.
Manager – Today, I conduct a meeting to discuss the performance of the team members of your respective departments.
Team leaders – Ok, sir.
Manager – I want to know whether your team performance is improved or not after discussion.
Team leaders – Sir, all the team members perform well and follow all the sales, marketing, and operation techniques properly to increase the sale of the business.
Manager – Oh! It is really good news.
Thank you
Have a nice day.
Meeting minutes
Meeting title – Sale meeting
Date 25/05/2022
Time 11:00 am
Duration 10 min
Venue Conference hall
Attendees Manager, staff members
Decisions and discussion
Decisions Description
Manager The manager suggests that all the employees must use the proper sale and marketing techniques and methods to increase the sale of the business (Alamäki & Kaski, 2015).
Staff members Staff members suggest that the company focus on developing the new products to attract male as well as female customers.
Action taken
Actions Responsibility
Conduct market research to identify the supplier that provides natural and organic products that the company use to manufacture hair care products. Team members
Use marketing and sale skills to increase the sale of the business (Alamäki & Kaski, 2015). Team members
References
Alamäki, A., & Kaski, T. (2015). Characteristics of Successful Sales Interaction in B2B Sales Meetings.
Bens, I. (2017). Facilitating with Ease!: core skills for facilitators, team leaders and members, managers, consultants, and trainers. John Wiley & Sons.
Dhenesh, V. S., Sitnikova, E., & Slay, J. (2012). An Integrated Tool-support for Small Team Meetings: Lessons from Observations of Team Meetings in Organisations. International Journal of Computer Applications, 45(7), 1-7.
Harris, T. E., & Sherblom, J. C. (2018). Small group and team communication. Waveland Press.
Schroff, L., & Tresniowski, A. (2022). An invisible thread: The true story of an 11-year-old panhandler, a busy sales executive, and an unlikely meeting with destiny. Simon and Schuster.
Evaluation of the effects of macroeconomic variables on the Australian and US economies
Introduction
Macroeconomics is a branch of economics where we study about the performance, structure, and decisions that are made ether it is on a regional level or at a national as a whole. Many variables are included in macroeconomics like the interest rate of a bank, different taxes by the government, and spending of government for growth and stability of the economy. The key indicators of any county economy are
Gross Domestic Product(GDP)
Employment and Unemployment rate in-country
The budget of the country
Inflation or deflation
Objective
In this, we will discuss the different variables of macroeconomic that affect the economy of Australia and the USA and how they perform relatively from 2004-to 2021 and also, how they had a performance during the COVID-19 pandemic.
GDP of Australia and US (2004-2021)
According to trends and graphs of GDP of Australia and the US, it suggests that the GDP performance is not so stable because of some reasons and problems faced by Australia and US every year from 2004 to 2021 to minimize these effect government implements different fiscal and monetary policies (Cassidy, et al., 2020).
Graph trend of Australia and US GDP
For the year 2004 annual growth of Australia was 3% while the US have 3.80%
For the year 2005 growth rate of Australia increase by 1.8% while the US increase by 3.51%
For the year 2006 growth rate of Australia increase by 1.2% while the US increase by 2.86%
For the year 2007 growth rate of Australia increase by 3.1% while the US increase by 1.88%
For the year 2008 growth rate of Australia increase by 1.5% while the US decrease by 0.14%
For the year 2009 growth rate of Australia decreased by 0.2% while the US decrease by 2.54%
For the year 2010 growth rate of Australia increase by 0.6% while the US increase by 2.56%
For the year 2011 growth rate of Australia increase by 1.1% while the US increase by 2.56%
For the year 2012 growth rate of Australia increase by 2.1% while the US increase by 2.25%
For the year 2013 growth rate of Australia increase by 0.8% while the US increase by 1.5%
For the year 2014 growth rate of Australia increase by 1% while the US increase by 1.8%
For the year 2015 growth rate of Australia increase by 0.7% while the US increase by 2.3%
For the year 2016 growth rate of Australia increase by 1.1% while the US increases by 1%
For the year 2017 growth rate of Australia increase by 0.6% while the US increase by 1.7%
For the year 2018 growth rate of Australia increase by 1.3% while the US increase by 2.5%
For the year 2019 growth rate of Australia increase by 0.6% while the US increase by 1.7%
For the year 2020 growth rate of Australia decreased by 1.3% while the US decreased by 4.3%
For the year 2021 growth rate of Australia increase5.4 % while the US increase by 5.97%
From the above analysis of GDP, we can summarise that both countries Australia and US perform well but the GDP of both fell very much during the COVID-19 pandemic but due to good policies Australia does not affect more but the USA got the worst effect on the GDP and some policies of government fail during COVID period (Cassidy, et al., 2020).
Relative budget balance of Australia and USA
A budget is nothing but an estimation of total income; sources of income, and expenditure or spending of government on various projects for the development of the country also for various departments budget provide the whole information that where the government is going to spend money and also sources of income for the country.
The trend of the budget is always high and higher for both countries starting from 2004 the budget balance of Australia was in deficit which was 3.4% of actual GDP but now according to reports in 2021 the budget is surplus of approximately $17.8 billion. The performance of budget gets stronger and stronger year to year in Australia while the budget balance of the USA in 2004 was in deficit which was 19% of actual GDP and according to reports in 2021 USA have deficit Budget of $2.8 trillion which 12.4% of GDP.
So according to data, it is seen that the budget of Australia is a balance that is it is in surplus but the USA also performing well but their budget is still in deficit.
Relative unemployment rate of Australia and USA
The unemployment rate means that due to economic inefficiency the skilled persons who want to work and search for work are not getting work and their skills remain unutilized, and this creates unemployment. Unemployment harms the economy of any country. The unemployment rate suggests the economy of any country is growing and how it is performing in every sector (Hsing, 2019).
As per the graph trend between Australia and US
For the year 2004 Unemployment rate of Australia was 5.4% while the US had 5.53%
For the year 2005 Unemployment rate of Australia was 5.03% while the US had 5.08%
For the year 2006 Unemployment rate of Australia was 4.78% while the US had 4.62%
For the year 2007 Unemployment rate of Australia was 4.38% while the US had 4.62%
For the year 2008 Unemployment rate of Australia was 4.23% while the US had 5.78%
For the year 2009 Unemployment rate of Australia was 5.56% while the US had 9.25%
For the year 2010 Unemployment rate of Australia was 5.21% while the US had 9.63%
For the year 2011 Unemployment rate of Australia was 5.08% while the US had 8.95%
For the year 2012 Unemployment rate of Australia was 5.22% while the US had 8.07%
For the year 2013 Unemployment rate of Australia was 5.66% while the US had 7.38%
For the year 2014 Unemployment rate of Australia was 6.08% while the US had 6.17%
For the year 2015 Unemployment rate in Australia was 6.05% while the US had 5.28%
For the year 2016 Unemployment rate in Australia was 5.71% while the US had 4.87%
For the year 2017 Unemployment rate in Australia was 5.59% while the US had 4.36%
For the year 2018 Unemployment rate in Australia was 5.30% while the US had 3.90%
For the year 2019 Unemployment rate in Australia was 5.16% while the US had 3.67%
For the year 2020 Unemployment rate of Australia was 6.61% while the US had 8.31%
For the year 2021 Unemployment rate of Australia was 4.20% while the US had 6%
As per data according to the graph, we can conclude that the performance of Australia is better than the US because fiscal and monetary policies and maintainable equilibrium of demand and supply always help in reducing the unemployment rate, and also education and training is important so that occupational immobility will not become a hindrance in job finding (Hsing, 2019).
Relative inflation rate of Australia and US
The inflation rate is a broad term that affects every citizen of a country it also refers to the measurement of price increase of goods that we use in daily life like food, clothing, housing, transport, etc. This inflation depends on many factors like an increase in demand for goods, an increase in money supply, and rise in wages, etc (Dreger, et al., 2021).
So according to the graph trend of both countries
For the year 2004, the inflation rate of Australia was 2.34% while the U.S had 2.68%.
For the year 2005, the inflation rate of Australia was 2.69% while the U.S had 3.39%
For the year 2006, the inflation rate of Australia was 3.56% while the U.S had 3.23%
For the year 2007, the inflation rate of Australia was 2.33% while the U.S had 2.85%
For the year 2008, the inflation rate of Australia was 4.35% while the U.S had 3.84%
For the year 2009, the inflation rate of Australia was 1.77% while the U.S had decreased by 0.36%
For the year 2010, the inflation rate of Australia was 2.92% while the U.S had 1.64%
For the year 2011, the inflation rate of Australia was 3.30% while the U.S had 3.16%
For the year 2012, the inflation rate of Australia was 1.76% while the U.S had 2.07%
For the year 2013, the inflation rate of Australia was 2.45% while the U.S had 1.46%
For the year 2014, the inflation rate of Australia was 2.49% while the U.S had 1.62%
For the year 2015, the inflation rate of Australia was 1.51% while the U.S had 0.12%
For the year 2016, the inflation rate of Australia was 1.28% while the U.S had 1.26%
For the year 2017, the inflation rate of Australia was 1.95% while the U.S had 2.13%
For the year 2018, the inflation rate of Australia was 1.91% while the U.S had 2.44%
For the year 2019, the inflation rate of Australia was 1.61% while the U.S had 1.81%
For the year 2020, the inflation rate of Australia was 0.85% while the U.S had 1.23%
For the year 2021, the inflation rate of Australia was 2.82% while the U.S had 4.7%.
From the above data, it is clear that the inflation rate in Australia is much better than in the USA but the sometimes USA performs well in some specific years (Dreger, et al., 2021).
Fiscal policies during Covid 19
Australia
During COVID-19 Australia respond well from starting when 1st case was confirmed in January 2020, the government of Australia use an expansionary fiscal policy in which government revealed additional tax relief for middle-class families, spending on the training of medical staff, and also infrastructure development for recovery of covid-19 patience and giving facilities for quarantine ward which was 0.9% of GDP and also social spending which includes care of aged persons which was 0.7% of GDP. 0.4% of GDP was spent on the program for coronan virus (Ramey, 2016). There was a program for job trainers of people to boost their skills and in March 2020 government announced 11% of GDP for a health package. The state government also announced many packages for their citizens together which was 2.5% of GDP which include tax relief for households, support for health spending like infrastructure packages, and renewable energy sources and technologies (Ramey, 2016).
United state
During COVID-19 USA firstly take so lightly that it caused many problems in the country corona to have the worst effect on corona was that starting President took it so lightly that he did not impose any lockdown in the country because of the economy but after sometime, he imposed a lockdown in the country and made a fiscal policy in which he signed a 4.1% of GDP as a part for COVID-19 fund in which government provides funds for the vaccine, testing of COVID-19, and also for payment of $600 to individual and reduce taxes, $321 billion to help a small business that retains workers and also provide loan assistance to small start-ups. 11% of GDP was announced for unemployment benefits, health assistance, loan subsidies, student loans, health infrastructure, paid leave, and emergency leave for citizens (Ramey, 2016).
Monetary policies during Covid 19
Australia
During COVID-19 Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) announced a relief package for banks that protect the bank from bankruptcy, it set market liquidity and set repo rates for a long time and also announced a market purchase of A $100 of government bonds. The cash rate was reduced to 0.1% (Romer, 2018).
United State
Federal Reserve introduced many monetary policies in the recession after getting the worst impact of corona in the country, federal fund rates were lowered and purchase of treasury and securities in a needed amount and also introduced facilities that the credit flow. Federal Bank also encourages institutions so that they lend their liquid capital to borrowers affected by COVID-29 (Romer, 2018).
Conclusion
It may conclude from above that both countries Australia and the US perform well in their development from the year 2004 to 2021 in many areas develop well in a constant phase, so that they compete well with the world and become a developed and independent nation, in many areas the US performed well relatively Australia and in many areas Australia did. But during the pandemic time, Australia did well than the US because of the government’s perfect fiscal and monetary policies and also awareness and seriousness of the situation.
References
Browne, B. (2018). The cost of corruption-The growing perception of corruption and its cost to GDP.
//policycommons.net/artifacts/2040898/the-cost-of-corruption/2793341/
Cassidy, N., Chan, I., Gao, A., & Penrose, G. (2020). Long-term unemployment in Australia. RBA Bulletin, December.
https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2020/dec/long-term-unemployment-in-australia.html
D’Amuri, F., & Marcucci, J. (2017). The predictive power of Google searches in forecasting US unemployment. International Journal of Forecasting, 33(4), 801-816.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169207017300389
Dreger, C., & Gros, D. (2021). Lockdowns and the US unemployment crisis. Economics of Disasters and Climate Change, 5(3), 449-463.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41885-021-00092-5
Hsing, Y. (2019). Is Expansionary Fiscal and Monetary Policy Effective in Australia?. Asian Journal of Business Environment, 9(3), 5-9.
https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201915658233918.page
Ramey, V. A. (2016). Macroeconomic shocks and their propagation. Handbook of macroeconomics, 2, 71-162.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1574004816000045
Romer, D. (2018). Macroeconomic theory. University of California, Berkeley.
https://www.econ.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/course-homepage/2016-08-20/syllabus/SYLL_202A_Fall2016.pdf
Stanford, J. (2018). The declining labour share in Australia: Definition, measurement, and international comparisons. Journal of Australian Political Economy, The, (81), 11-32.
https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/INFORMIT.811887214203350
Wanna, J., Kelly, J., & Forster, J. (2020). Managing public expenditure in Australia. Routledge.
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781003116431/managing-public-expenditure-australia-john-wanna-joanne-kelly-john-forster
Assessment 1
Question 1
1 . Legal profession
2 .Media (Farr, 2016)
3 .Textbooks for research
4 . Data as well as the internet
Question 2
1. License for copying
2. Liquor permit
Question 3
1 .Employment contracts
2. Service contracts
3. Lease agreements for real estate
4. Coverage
5. Contractual obligations
6. Take out a bank loan
Question 4
1 . Downtime in the company
2 . Loss of image
3 . Staff loss
Question 5
1 . Heavy penalty
2. Business closure, either temporary or permanent
3. Imprisonment
Question 6
No action is pending to recover any fees, commissions, or other compensation for any service rendered.
Question 7
Individuals who commit child sex offenses while abroad face a maximum sentence of 25 years in jail and a fine of $825,000 for corporations.
Question 8
1. Promoting an upcoming event
2. Limiting an agreement to a contract
3. Resolving a dispute
4. Payment clause content
5. Extraordinary circumstances
Question 9
Correct methodologies and a methodical procedure are included in the standard operating procedures, which assist us in recognizing hazards and controlling risk (Farr, 2016).
Question 10
Including an approval phase in the SOP will help to prevent accidents by involving the manager before a staff member engages in a potentially hazardous activity.
Question 11
1 . Conduct internal evaluations with adults regularly to ensure that compliance processes are followed.
2. Lead or direct internal investigations into compliance issues.
3. Develop risk management methods for a product, compliance, and operational concerns.
4. Conduct environmental audits to ensure that environmental regulations are followed.
5. Identify compliance issues that require further investigation or follow-up.
6. Make documented policies and procedures for compliance activities widely available.
7. Submit required compliance reports to regulatory bodies.
Question 12
1. Staff gatherings
2. Perform internal audits
3. Keep up with the latest developments
4. Induction period
Question 13
1. Examine your internal procedures and consider how you might incorporate the new criteria into them. The law’s content can provide useful assistance, particularly in the sections that list what is required.
2. Refresh the knowledge of all employees on the new legal requirements.
3. Maintain a database of all the regulations that apply to you. Register the dates of their approval, the subjects of their approvals, and the state of their implementation inside your organization.
Question 14
Australian and New Zealand Food Standards (FSANZ)
Question 15
In this type of firm, we would need to ensure that every contractor we hired had the right permits and paperwork. If a contractor does not have the proper license, there could be legal consequences. For assistance or advice, contact your lawyer, industry association, or business counselor.
You will be better able to negotiate contracts that work for you if you have a deeper understanding of the contracts you sign. Before beginning work, a well-planned contract allows contractors and hirers to specify the working relationship, rights, obligations, and expected outcomes, which will help avoid future misunderstandings.
Question 16
1. Statement of Accounts
2. License and Permit
3. Financial records
4. Coverage
5. Documentation Legal
Question 17
Losses are divided proportionately by all partners in the partnership.
Question 18
Because shareholders have limited accountability for company debts, their assets cannot be confiscated if the business assets are insufficient to cover the loan. Nothing can be stolen from you (Wilka, et al., 2017).
Question 19
1. World and cultural heritage sites
2. Marine Discussions
3. National treasures
4. Endangered species and communities.
5. Migratory species that are protected
Question 20
1. Race
2. Personality
3. Age,
4 .marital status
5. political affiliation
6 .religions are all factors to consider.
Question 21
It is prohibited for sellers to exhibit signs or have a policy that states “NO REFUND.”
If you cancel before 14 days, you will receive a 90% refund.
If you cancel within 14 days, you will receive a 50% refund; if you cancel within 7 days, you will not receive a refund.
Question 22
1. Defense
2. Fiscal policy
3. International relations
4. Financial and foreign trading corporations.
5. Trade between countries and between states.
Assessment 2
Part A
Question 1
1. Notification of a liquor manager’s appointment
2. Cooperative registration
3. Business toolkit
4. Lawson’s dismissal
5. Business rules transfer
6. Workplace rights
7. National labor standards
8 WHS legislation
Licencing
1. Obtaining an alcohol license.
2. A music license
3. A license to create egg products
4. Permission
Stage performances
1. Food Act
2. Fair Work Act
3. WHS-related services
Process Penalties do not have any specified timeframes listed.
Only in legal and fiscal requirements is it observed.
Question 2
1. Dining outside in a public space
2. Waste disposal 3. Permission to display objects on or near a public road
4. Permission to use background music
5. Food business notification
6. Live performance license
7. Egg-producing license
Question 3
The Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code is the law code that is established in the society to maintain the food and value of the food disorders in a better position (Von Grafenstein, 2018).
Question 4
1) Ensure that the food for sale is fit for human consumption.
2) To avoid deceptive behavior in connection to the food safety code.
3) To use the food from Australia and New Zealand.
Question 5
1 ) During the approval of the hotels and qualified registered clubs to have to remain open for on-premises sales and consumption over an extended time, as this does not allow for liquor sales.
2)The clearance does not override any existing trading hour limits imposed by the liquor regulations on a hotel or registered club.
Question 6
A ) Providing effective controls over liquor supply and consumption
B ) Assuring the supply of the liquor contributions, rather than detracts from, the amenity of communal life
C) limiting the sale of certain limits of the other alcoholic beverages that are encouraging a culture of responsible
D ) alcohol usage and lowering hazardous alcohol usage and its impact on the community (Kearns et al., 2015)
Question 7
Liability insurance for professionals
Property protection insurance
Insurance for workers’ compensation
Ensuring your home
Insurance for product liability
Insurance for automobiles
Insurance for business interruption (Carah, et al., 2019)
Question 8
This is a penalty for not offering qualified employees the option of choosing a super fund. You pay it if you don’t offer them a standard choice form within the required timescale, pay their super to a conforming fund but not the one they pick, or charge them a fee to execute their choice of fund (Kearns, et al., 2015).
Question 9
During the time of the unpaid leave or the voluntary of the emperor in the emergency activities theory will decide to provide the services for being paid up to the 10 days of the Jury services. long service leave paid also will be included in the employees who have worked in the same company for a long time public holidays will also be paid day as they are working in the organization for a long period.
Termination notice and redundancy compensation – depending on the length of employment, you may receive up to five weeks’ notice of termination and up to 16 weeks’ redundancy pay. A Fair Work Information Statement is provided (Cunningham 2016).
Question 10
The employer needs to follow the law to safeguard is possible the health and safety of the employees is matter in the company. The Welfare of the employees and we have to keep the employees on the same side during the time of any kind of potential risk or violence appearing at the workplace will be controlled under the act.
Question 11
Electrical power and machinery
Also, the types of equipment
Question 12
Business Permits and Licenses
Business Laws and Regulations
Federal Taxes State and Local Taxes
Registered Business Name
Part B
Question 1
Type of policy or procedure:
Ensuring the food services and the food measurement for the humans so they can consume it on the time under the code of Australia New Zealand food standard code.
The purpose:
Prevent misleading food sales practices; provide appropriate information to enable customers to make informed decisions; and establish an effective regulatory framework within which the food business can operate successfully (Kearns, et al., 2015).
The procedures:
The head chef has to mention the proper kitchen acquire requirement in the types of equipment also they have to set the degrees of the oven before they start cooking it will help to reduce the better food.
The person(s) or hierarchy of personnel who will be responsible:
The head chef junior chef and the cleaning management will be responsible for this.
The relevant forms or documents to be used (e.g. reporting form, accident/incident form, etc.):
Report and write notes.
Version/Date to be reviewed:
13-05-2022
Everyday.
Question 2
Type of policy or procedure:
Ensure that the food is safe and fit for human consumption.
To avoid misleading conduct in connection to the food sale standards code
The purpose:
To put the Australia New Zealand Food Act into practice.
The procedures:
They have to maintain a clean area while cooking the food and also they have to avoid such types of Miss leading to food sales (Lewis, et al., 2017).
The person(s) or hierarchy of personnel who will be responsible:
The head chef junior chef and the cleaning management will be responsible for this.
The relevant forms or documents to be used (e.g. reporting form, accident/incident form, etc.):
Notebook and emails
Question 3
Type of policy or procedure:
Reflecting on the license also describes the rules and regulations for the services of alcohol to provide the services of alcohol in the house.
the policy is as follows:
No serving minors or drunk guests.
The purpose:
ensuring that quality food is always available promoting safe transportation choices for attendees offering cheap non-alcoholic drinks the venue’s approach to dealing with problem patrons
The procedures:
Limiting the types of drinks available after midnight.
They should apply laws and rules and regulations in their restaurant after a time limit. they will not provide the drinks at the midnight to avoid such type of chaos in society and maintain the balance between the couples and other family members. they have to provide Limited levels of drinks by checking their ID cards and age limit (Lewis, et al., 2017).
The person(s) or hierarchy of personnel who will be responsible:
The general manager and the cleaning management will be responsible for this.
The relevant forms or documents to be used (e.g. reporting form, accident/incident form, etc.):
Forms and id cards.
Question 4
Type of policy or procedure:
I pay super for eligible employees starting on the first day they work for you. I have to pay the bills at least four times a year, by the quarterly deadlines. During the time of the payment on that duration of public and weekend holidays, the payment will be made on the business day. if I wish that I can pay the bill more frequently to reduce the amount of the bill and get low chances to miss the deadline based on the quarter of the due date.
The purpose:
The purpose of the policies is to maintain the billing and the cash details of the transactions based on a monthly period.
The procedures:
The procedure of the policies is to calculate the bill before the due date and complete it within 15 days of working to avoid any kind of misunderstanding in the company.
The person(s) or hierarchy of personnel who will be responsible:
The electricity and accounting department will be responsible for this.
The relevant forms or documents to be used (e.g. reporting form, accident/incident form, etc.):
Bills copy and the tax details with the GST and service charges included.
Question 5
Type of policy or procedure:
The procedure of recruiting the job seekers and creating the pole and profile for the component jobs according to this application will be referred in the organization and this process will be divided into 5 stages which include the planning strategy development searching screening evolution and controlling (Adeleke, et al., 2016).
The purpose:
The purpose of this policy is to select candidates based on their working ability and divide them according to their working plan.
The procedures:
They have the procedure of working based on their recruitment selection process and the procedure of selecting the candidate in the company.
The person(s) or hierarchy of personnel who will be responsible:
The human resources and online recruitment department will be responsible for this.
The relevant forms or documents to be used (e.g. reporting form, accident/incident form, etc.):
Cv, personal details, and the working experience certificate.
Question 6
Type of policy or procedure:
Bullying, sexual harassment, and harassment in the workplace will not be permitted under any circumstances.
Any employee, Fellow, or trainee may file a complaint with the CEO or the Honorary Secretary concerning. Bullying happening at the workplace will be banned at the worksite also sexual harassment in any other kind of discrimination will be taken into serious consideration in the report and took serious action towards it.
The purpose:
Every formal complaint of workplace bullying, discrimination, or harassment is thoroughly examined.
Bullying, discrimination, and harassment in the workplace are no longer tolerated.
Complaints are settled within the workplace whenever possible (Adeleke, et al., 2016)
Unlawful discrimination can lead to legal proceedings under Anti-Discrimination legislation.
The procedures:
If the bowling happens on a large scale the procedure of stopping these types of sections they have to complain about the Legal procedure under the anti-discrimination legislation to stop unlawful discrimination (Vanany, et al., 2018).
The person(s) or hierarchy of personnel who will be responsible:
The human resources and law also, rules maintenance department will be responsible for this.
The relevant forms or documents to be used (e.g. reporting form, accident/incident form, etc.).
Information and cases are relevant pieces of information (Vanany, et al., 2018).
Part C
Question 1
There are following ways to ensure evaluation of operational non-compliance
Always maintain your calmness and do not trigger yourself and neither that person with his annoyance.
Always put him in a situation where does he is capable to doing that work and feel him like it’s his responsibility of that work.
If you are giving any instruction to non-compliance person then explain the reason for that particular instruction and orders.
Never give him a negative perception of any goal that he wants to achieve.
Question 2
Modification of any law and order is necessary and is also very important as law should be flexible because as a condition prevails in a business will not always remain same as it change time to time implementation of modification of directives is also necessary there should a system which help you in modification of laws
Analysis of previous directives and instruction and modify accordingly to situation for smooth conduct of business.
The directives should neither be too harsh nor be too soft which means that they can followed without having any problem to anyone.
There should be directives which help in continuous improvement of our business.
Question 3
To keep up to date with changes in regulation that ensure compliance is very necessary and important so that you can work accordingly and with your colleagues and so your work without any confusion. There are many ways to keep you up to date some are
Keep monitoring regulatory website
If possible Follow regulatory agency on social media
Always attend each and every conference of regulatory.
Try to implement compliance software for easy communication
Always talk to you peers so that you have always updated information about regulatory (Carah, et al., 2019).
Have a good relationship with regulators.
Question 4
To ensure your staff at relevant levels of relevant information will be consistently up to date following steps can be done
Always inform your staff the relevant information that are changes from up front
Always ask your staff for the feedback of current scenario so that you can monitor the problems of staff and makes changes according to it.
Always ask your employees to review your policies manual and handbook for employees and ask them for the suggestions if it is required to change or modify.
Question 5
A documentation of compliance refers to specific records that help in implementation of compliance. A documentation should be flexible because the change is always permanent so if you making any directives by seeing the conditions will not be remain same in future so we need to change those directives in future we need flexibility in documentation so that directives can be easily changed, and this document must contain all accurate records and record of all supporting documents (Carah, et al., 2019).
This documentation can be managed efficiently in following ways
Documentation should contain date and type of document so that it could be identified easily
Always store related document together so that whenever there is need to find we can easily find them.
Date should be mentioned on documentation.
References
Adeleke, A. Q., Bahaudin, A. Y., & Kamaruddeen, A. M. (2016, August). Rules and regulations as potential moderator on the relationship between organizational internal and external factors with effective construction risk management in Nigerian construction companies: a proposed framework. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1761, No. 1, p. 020008). AIP Publishing LLC.
Carah, N., Ferris, J., Goold, L., & Regan, S. (2019). Tighter alcohol licensing hasn’t killed live music, but it’s harder for emerging artists. The Conversation, 15.
Cunningham, E. (2019). Professional certifications and occupational licenses. Monthly Labor Review, 1-38.
Farr, D. (2021). Worker voice and the health and safety regulatory system in New Zealand: an interpretivist case study inquiry in the commercial construction industry: a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Management at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (Doctoral dissertation, Massey University).
Kearns, M. C., Reidy, D. E., & Valle, L. A. (2015). The role of alcohol policies in preventing intimate partner violence: a review of the literature. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 76(1), 21-30.
Lewis, K. L., Bohnert, C. A., Gammon, W. L., Hölzer, H., Lyman, L., Smith, C., … & Gliva-McConvey, G. (2017). The association of standardized patient educators (ASPE) standards of best practice (SOBP). Advances in Simulation, 2(1), 1-8.
Vanany, I., Maarif, G. A., & Soon, J. M. (2018). Application of multi-based quality function deployment (QFD) model to improve halal meat industry. Journal of Islamic Marketing.
Von Grafenstein, M. (2018). The principle of purpose limitation in data protection laws (p. 77). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Company KG.
Wilka, R., Landy, R., & McKinney, S. A. (2017). How Machines Learn: Where Do Companies Get Data for Machine Learning and What Licenses Do They Need. Wash. JL Tech. & Arts, 13, 217.
Assessment Submission Sheet Course BSB50820 – Diploma of Project Management
Unit Code and Name BSBPMG533 – Manage project cost
Task 1
Assessment Instructions
This is an individual assessment. This short answer assessment is one form of assessment that is used to collect evidence of competency for this unit. If you need help understanding any questions, ask your assessor to explain.
To be deemed competent you will need to successfully demonstrate the following:
You must submit:
Satisfactory answers for all questions
Procedure
Answer each question in as much detail as possible, considering your organizational requirements for each one.
1. Briefly explain and give one example for each of the following:
Budgeting processes
Budgeting tool
Budgeting techniques.
2. Explain top down and bottom up method for costing.
3. What tools can be used for Project cost analysis?
4. What strategies can be implemented for managing costs in your project?
5. Suggest one way you could evaluate the cost management of a project.
6. In your own words briefly explain favorable and unfavorable Project cost variations.
7. List 3 organizational policies and procedures you need to follow when managing Project cost.
END OF ASSESSMENT
Task 2
Assessment Instructions
This is an individual assessment. This assessment has three parts. This assessment is one form of assessment that is used to collect evidence of competency for this unit. If you need help understanding any questions, ask your assessor to explain. Please ensure your answers are based on the given project scenario.
To be deemed competent you will need to successfully demonstrate the following:
You must submit:
Satisfactory answers for all questions
Participate in a role play
Submit a Project cost management plan
Report to CEO
Submit Project variance calculation
Submit Project review report
Procedure
You are the newly appointed Project member reporting to the Project Manager for “TECHWizards” a medium sized IT company specializing in database management, web development and digital marketing for its clients.
Your organization is undertaking a significant IT project to move its infrastructure to Cloud Computing this will enable the organization to save costs in the long run, minimize disruptions to its services, reduces down time, reduce its carbon footprints.
Tech wizards have approached DOSCLOUD to complete the necessary upgrades and transition to the cloud.
Read the given DOSCLOUD Project Initiation Plan to gather and interpret the required information.
Part A
Role Play
a. You must discuss budget preparation and budget control requirements for the proposed infrastructure upgrade activity given in the Project initiation plan. Your budget should be achievable and realistic. Recognize that stakeholders may need to be consulted when establishing these budget objectives.
You are meeting with the project stakeholders (other classmates) and project sponsor (your assessor) to discuss and finalize the project budget for the infrastructure upgrade.
Please prepare and submit a role play script that you will use for your role play.
Project manager- Good morning all of you
Stakeholders- Good morning
Project manager- We are here to discuss the budget plan and requirements of budget control for the infrastructure. For that matter, we have approached DOSCLOUD for completing the necessary upgrades and cloud transition. We want to consult all of you before processing further.
Stakeholders – For what purpose we are making the budget?
Project manager- As you all know that our organization is undertaking a significant IT project for moving the infrastructure to Cloud Computing which will enable our organization in saving costs in the long run, minimize disruptions for the services, reduce downtime, and reduce carbon footprints. So, for that, we need a budget plan and a control plan.
Stakeholders- That is great and indeed a good initiative for our company. It is important to consider all the required factors and processes while making the plan.
Project manager- can you please elaborate.
Stakeholders- first of all, we need to determine our incomes and expenses. Then, we can choose our budget plan by adjusting any further things.
Project manager- yes, we considered everything. We prepared budgets by updating assumptions and reviewing bottlenecks. Available funds have been checked, stepping costing points. Then, we created a budget pack after that we issued a budget package. At last, obtaining revenue forecast and obtaining the budgets.
Stakeholders- what about the budget control process?
Project manager- we will first establish the actual position for the budget and then compare it with the actual. Establishing reasons for variances and finally taking required actions Stakeholders- That would be perfect.
Project manager- we have given you the set budget plan. Kindly, go through it. We would consider if you want to make any changes to the given plan.
Stakeholders- okay, the plan is perfect.
Project manager- thank you much for giving your precious time, would love to hear any queries.
b. After consulting with your Project sponsors, you are tasked to develop a cost management plan for your project. And a draft budget as this will serve as a benchmark when you use cost control methods to monitor cost in your project.
In your Project draft budget include:
Your proposed budget for the project (you can use the given budget template)
what tasks produce costs?
what materials are required?
identify one cost control tool you may use to manage the project costs
identify who will manage the project costs
what approach did you use either the top-down approach or the bottom-up approach?
how did you identify the project costs?
what are the direct and indirect costs?
are there any possible risks that may occur throughout the project?
what is your budget tolerance?
S. No. Item Budgeted Cost Remarks
1 Equipment $ 50,000.00 the cost of equipment may vary.
2 DELL R910 X 2 $ 45,000.00 the cost of it may vary.
3 EMC Clarion CX700 $ 60,000.00 the cost of it may vary.
4 Cabling CAT 6A / electrical $ 70,000.00 the cost of it may vary.
5 Fiber SAN switches $ 25,000.00 the cost of it may vary.
6 Human resources $ 60,000.00 the cost of it may vary.
7 Service Cost $ 40,000.00 the cost of it may vary.
8 Software $ 65,000.00 the cost of it may vary.
9 Fees and Charges $ 15,000.00 the cost of it may vary.
Total Budget $ 430,000.00
Here, the required expenses for the infrastructure are equipment, DELL R910 X 2, EMC Clarion CX700, Cabling CAT 6A / electrical, Fiber SAN switches, Human resources, service cost, software, fees, and other charges. The estimated budget costs $430000 under which all of the pieces of equipment and other charges are included. The project manager and the respective stakeholders made the budget plan and the budget control plan. We figure out the estimated costs through market research or by the current market prices. There could be a possible risk of the budget might get affected a little and give unfavorable results. The prices of the required items can change and may impact the whole budget. There is a very important need to maintain a budget tolerance plan to mitigate any further risks. Our budget tolerance would be $20000. Under this, we can bear or extend the budget if required.
Part B
Before you could conduct your project your project sponsor (CEO) has asked you to explain the strategies you will be employing to manage costs and processes for reviewing cost against the expected outcomes.
Write a report to your CEO, explain the following:
a. Strategies for managing costs and monitoring actual expenditure against budget
b. Budget contingency measures for unexpected expenses
c. Processes you will use to review cost against project outcomes.
Report
Strategies for managing costs and monitoring actual expenditure against budget
By establishing an actual position – all organization follows some kind of accounting system which aids in recording the income and expenditure of their organization. The budget could be identified by some sort of code made for the budget which depends upon the type of system, an organization is using. Income and expenditure will be recorded against the said budget code. It enables budget holders in identifying the actual position at a given point in time (Parker et al.,2015).
2. By comparing actual budget with estimated budget-
Gathered data will be compared with the budgeted data which was set at the beginning of the year. There would be a simple comparison, which implies if the estimated data matches the actual data or not. If there comes a difference then it will be termed variance which is an important term in the process of budgetary control.
Calculation of Variances
The template given above can tell the calculation of variance which is done by subtracting the estimated data from actual data.
4. Establishing Reasons for Variances
It is important to find out the reasons behind the difference that occurred for effective budgetary control. For taking appropriate actions and implementing them, the reason should be clear behind the variances. The variance can be both positive and negative depending upon the prevailing situation.
5. Taking required Actions
For controlling the budget and for maintaining an area of improvement it is important to take required actions as soon as possible. Some of the actions that can be taken into consideration and implemented-
Ceasing or reducing services
Redefining objectives
Reducing or halting expenditure in areas where expenditures can be controlled.
By increasing income
Redefining eligibility criteria
Making varmints
Making and using contingency funds
Changing the service nature and the way it is delivered
Delaying in activities (Balogun et al.,2015).
Budget contingency measures for unexpected expenses
Maintaining an emergency fund could be the best possible solution for meeting unexpected expenses. Saving a part of revenue timely will help in maintaining the contingency fund (De Marco et al.,2016). Creating a monthly budget will also help in preparing a contingency plan for irregular or unexpected expenses. It is important to have financial aid and backup for any of the plans made. Instead of pulling money at the last moment, budgeting would aid in handling all the expenses. Cutting unwanted expenses and expending income wisely would help the case. Maintaining a good budget and sticking to it will help the organization to be focused on the available amount of money, so that organization can achieve the set target goals promptly (Hosseini et al.,2020).
Processes used for reviewing cost against project outcomes.
1. Project Resource Planning
To identify the required essential resources for executing or implementing the project and make it completes. This process is known as project resource planning (Monk, et al.,2015).
2. Cost Estimation
Quantification of costs that is associated with the given required resources for executing the project. This process is called cost estimation.
3. Cost Budgeting
This process can be termed as the prediction or estimating of the costs that will be incurred in the given project. Allocation of costs according to the items required like an individual task or module for a given time period. It also consists of contingencies reserves which are allocated for managing unexpected expenses.
4. Cost Control
To measure variances of cost from within and take corrective measures like increasing the allocated budget or reducing work scope for correcting the gap, the process of cost control will be used (Eriksson, et al., 2015).
Part C
During the project the following changes were made to the Project, which resulted in cost variation in certain areas.
One of the critical staffs who is responsible for testing the project after implementation, has given 1 week notice for resignation, you hired 2 additional casual staff to complete the project testing, which resulted in additional staff expense of $8,000.
Due to non-availability of certain hardware, you had to source latest hardware form the market which resulted in an increase of $10,000.
The supplier had a special offer and bundled few essential software for free resulting in a saving of $3000.
a. Use appropriate cost analysis method to identify the cost variations in the given budget variation template.
S. No. Item Budgeted Cost Actual Variance Favorable/Unfavorable Remarks
1 Equipment $ 50,000.00 $ 60,000.00 -$ 10,000.00 unfavorable due to non-availability of certain hardware, there is an increase in the cost of $10000.
2 DELL R910 X 2 $ 45,000.00 $ 45,000.00 favorable it reflects a favorable cost and falls under the budget.
3 EMC Clarion CX700 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 favorable it reflects a favorable cost and falls under the budget.
4 Cabling CAT 6A / electrical $ 70,000.00 $ 70,000.00 favorable it reflects a favorable cost and falls under the budget.
5 Fiber SAN switches $ 25,000.00 $ 25,000.00 favorable it reflects a favorable cost and falls under the budget.
6 Human resources $ 60,000.00 $ 68,000.00 -$ 80,000.00 unfavorable additional staff hired for $8000
7 Service Cost $ 40,000.00 $ 40,000.00 favorable it reflects a favorable cost and falls under the budget.
8 Software $ 65,000.00 $ 62,000.00 $ 3,000.00 favorable there was a free offer available through which we saved $3000.
9 Fees and Charges $ 15,000.00 $ 15,000.00 favorable it reflects a favorable cost and falls under the budget.
$ 430,000.00 $ 445,000.00 unfavorable
Total $ 430,000.00 $ 445,000.00 unfavorable it reflects an unfavorable balance of 15000
Since your project is project is completed, write a project completion report to your Project sponsors with the following information:
1. Provide a brief explanation on the variation of estimated costs vs. actual costs
2. Your review on the project outcomes (Is the project successful?)
3. Brief review of what cost management issues where identified and what improvements you will suggest to improve similar project cost management in the future.
a. The method used for a cost analysis for finding variations in cost here would be the expert judgment method. This method is guided by historical information which gives them valuable information about the market and the required details from the projects that have already been there. It can also be used for determining if there is a chance to combine the estimation methods and the process of reconciliation between them.
The estimated costs can be defined as a type of prediction whereas actual costs are the real costs that are ready to be charged. For getting an estimate, we have to find out the difference between the actual cost and an estimated cost by subtracting both of them. Here, the estimated cost for some of the items is different in comparison to the actual cost. Like, due to the non-available of staff, the organization had to hire extra employees which lead to an additional charge of $8000. Also, due to the non-availability of specific hardware, there were increased expenses which cost $ 10000. There was a saving of $3000 on getting a free supply of certain software.
2. No, the budget plan was not successful. As it exceeds the estimated budget by $15000. The actual budget reflects $ 445000 whereas the estimated budget made by the organization reflects $430000 which shows a difference of $15000. For this, budget tolerance will be used to settle the extra expenses incurred.
3. The issues faced in cost management faced by the organization identified are short-term focus over the planning of long-term. There reflect limitations in showing analytical potential and the decision-making process. Management accountability was limited, and the budget plan could be more flexible.
The budget plan should be even more flexible. Proper market research should be done before making any budget. Cost analysis methods should be used properly. Loans could be taken to meet the expenses.
References
Balogun, A., Mamidu, A. I., & Owuze, C. A. (2015). Budgetary control and organizational performance. Journal of Education Research in Natural and Sosial Sciences (JERNASS) Vol, (1).
De Marco, A., Rafele, C., & Thaheem, M. J. (2016). Dynamic management of risk contingency in complex design-build projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 142(2), 04015080.
Eriksson, K., Johanson, J., Majkgård, A., & Sharma, D. D. (2015). Experiential knowledge and cost in the internationalization process. In Knowledge, networks and power (pp. 41-63). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Hoseini, E., Van Veen, P., Bosch-Rekveldt, M., & Hertogh, M. (2020). Cost performance and cost contingency during project execution: Comparing client and contractor perspectives. Journal of Management in Engineering, 36(4), 05020006.
Mok, K. Y., Shen, G. Q., & Yang, J. (2015). Stakeholder management studies in mega construction projects: A review and future directions. International journal of project management, 33(2), 446-457.
Parker, D. W., Parsons, N., & Isharyanto, F. (2015). Inclusion of strategic management theories to project management. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business.
SITXHRM002 – Roster Staff
Assessment 4 – Written Assessment
| Trainee Name |
|
| Trainee ID Number |
|
| Trainer/ Assessor Name |
|
| Submission Attempt |
Attempt 1 – ☐ |
Attempt 2 – ☐ |
Attempt 3 – ☐ |
Trainee Declaration:
“I hereby certify that:
- This assessment is my own work based on my personal study/research, in my own words.
- I have cited all sources and material used to assist my research for this assessment.
- I have not copied or plagiarized any part of this assessment from another student.
- I or any other student has not submitted this assessment previously.
- I have kept a copy for my own records.
- I am aware of the availability of reassessment consistent with the Institute’s Reassessment Policy.
- I understand my right to appeal the assessment or reassessment outcome, as per the Institute’s Complaints and Appeals Policy.
| Questions |
| 1 |
Under most awards and enterprise agreements, what paid leave are full-time and part-time staff entitled to? |
| Under most awards and agreements of enterprise, part-time and full-time employees get 4 weeks of yearly leave for every period of 12 months accurately worked (Andrews, et al., 2016). |
| 2 |
Identify 2 ways rosters may be communicated to staff. |
| Two ways in which rosters might be communicated to all the members of staff are given below:
1. By Electronic methods like checking out and check-in technology
2. By Manual sheets of time that record the working hours and sheets of time of all the employees (Andrews, et al., 2016). |
| 3 |
Detail 4 difficulties that a manager will face when preparing rosters, along with potential ways to alleviate these difficulties. |
| Four difficulties that the manager will face are given below:
1. Shortage of the employees – The simple solution is for calling in the backups, deliberate pay the amount of overtime and cancels all the off days.
2. Overscheduling – To mitigate this issue, the manager must try for giving the employees around 12 hour period between their shifts.
3. Disorganization – For this, the employees must find the complete-featured software of the time clock that provides the resources and flexibility that they require for creating an accurate schedule that is appropriate for all individuals.
4. Turnover of employees – The manager should implement all the changes such as open interaction and communication, positive gratitude etc.
|
| 4 |
List 5 points to consider which are critical to creating staffing rosters to meet the operational demands of a department, event or organisation. |
| Five points are given below that should be considered:
1. Make appropriate projections
2. Make sure proper and accurate balance in recruitment or staffing
3. Be ready for some special situations
4. Given sufficient off time between working shifts
5. Utilize pilots for new service or product launches |
| 5 |
Explain why you may have to allocate different hours to different staff members
ie (FullTime/Part-Time/Casual) |
| Allocation of work permits for the strategic and efficient management of all the tasks at the workplace. This gives further ease in overlooking the projects while making sure maximized efficiency and labour and resources are assigned at different hours and in a very impactful manner (Ibironke, et al., 2013). |
| 6 |
Match the common business terms with the appropriate definition or abbreviation.
| Rostered day off |
|
The cost of staff employed |
| Roster |
|
Hours that the business is open |
| Labour cost |
|
A financial plan |
| Sick leave |
|
Industrial agreement between employees and employers setting out terms and conditions of employment and salary levels |
| Peak period |
|
Unpaid 12 months leave to care for child |
| Hours of operation |
|
Conditions of employment negotiated for an industry |
| Budget |
|
RDO -24 hours respite from work |
| Award |
|
Time of high demand |
| Maternity Leave |
|
A plan that organises staff |
| Award rate/wage |
|
SL – Staff member is absent from work due to illness |
|
|
|
|
| 7 |
How often should you complete your time sheet – why? |
| We should complete our sheet of time every day, precisely at the starting and at the last of the day of working because timesheets help record the time consumed on a particular activity or task, client or project (Ibironke, et al., 2013). |
| 8 |
1. Use the format below to complete the roster of this employee
- You work for Elmo’s Restaurant at a Grade 5 chef. Your hourly rate is $17.03
- You are employed on a full-time basis and work 38 hours a week.
- You are employed under the Hospitality Industry – Accommodation, Hotels, Resorts Award 1998
- You receive one 30 minutes unpaid break per shift
- The pay week is Monday 1/10/08 – Sunday 7/10/08
- On Monday 1/10/08 you started work at 6 am and finished at 2.30pm
- On Tuesday 2/10/08 you started work at 6 am and finished at 4.30pm. You did 2 hours overtime (rate of overtime pay is time and ½)
- On Wednesday you had an RDO
- On Thursday you worked a 6-hour shift starting at 5 pm. Remember to add on 30-minute unpaid break
- On Friday you worked from 3 pm – 11.30pm
- On Saturday you worked 3 pm – 11.30pm Your penalty rate for this shift is time and a quarter
- On Sunday you had an RDO
|
Roster
|
Sun |
Mon |
Tues |
Wed |
Thurs |
Fri |
Sat |
| Time in |
RDO |
6 am |
6 am |
RDO |
5 pm |
3 pm |
3 pm |
| Time Out |
RDO |
10 am |
11 am |
RDO |
8 pm |
6 pm |
6 pm |
| Meal Break |
|
30 min |
30 min |
RDO |
30 min |
30 min |
30 min |
| Time in |
RDO |
10.30 am |
11.30 am |
RDO |
8.30 pm |
6.30 pm |
6.30 pm |
| Time Out |
RDO |
2.30 pm |
4.30 pm |
RDO |
11 pm |
11.30 pm |
11.30 pm |
| Total Hours |
6 hrs. $102.18 |
8 hrs. $153.42 |
6 hrs. $102.18 |
|
6 hrs. $102.18 |
6 hrs. $102.18 |
6 hrs. $102.18 |
32 hours |
| 9 |
How would you communicate your roster to ensure everyone knows when they should be working? |
| Every employee could be organized for receiving communications of the roster by text messages or emails. Once the roster is accomplished, we are required to communicate and publish the roster (Kotler, 2018). |
| 10 |
What is the disadvantage of informing staff of their hours by posting the staff roster on the staff notice board? |
| It could spread the information of the staff publicly to other employees also which could breach the privacy of staff and employees (Kotler, 2018). |
| 11 |
What records must be kept by an employer and for how long? |
| The records that should be kept by the employer are the details of the previous experience of the employee, joining date in the present organization and all referrals from past colleagues and managers, id number of employee, week of work, and policies of leave. All these records are kept for three years afterwards the date of the previous entry created therein. |
| 12 |
Answer the questions below according to the National Employment Standards |
| What are the maximum weekly hours of work an employer can request an employee undertake? |
38 hours |
| What are employees entitled to Parenting Leave entitlements? |
Up to the duration of 12 months unpaid leave |
| How much notice must an employee give to an employer before taking unpaid parental leave? |
10 weeks |
| What rights does an employer have regarding requiring employees to work on public holidays? |
Employees do not have to do work on public holidays. |
| 13 |
What is the minimum hourly wage for the following positions according to the Hospitality Industry (General) Award 2010 |
| Cook
Grade 1 |
$20.22 |
| Food and Beverage Attendant
Grade 3 |
$20.22 |
| Food and Beverage Supervisor |
$23.42 |
| 14 |
According to the Hospitality Industry (General) Award 2010, what allowances must be paid in the event of: |
| Overtime of more than 2 hours, without notification |
200% of the normal rate
|
| A cook who is required to use their own tools |
$1.86 per day and $9.11 per week
|
| An employee required to start earlier than their shift, before their normal method of transport is available |
$0.85 each kilometre |
| A staff member required to perform first aid duties as part of their job (who holds a first aid certificate |
$10.79 per week |
| 15 |
According to the Hospitality Industry (General) Award 2010, what rates must be paid to an employee required to work overtime? |
| 150% of the rate of pay for the initial two hours duration of overtime and double their ordinary rate of pay for the next of the overtime. |
| 16 |
According to the Hospitality Industry (General) Award 2010, what are the minimum shift hours a part-time employee can be offered per shift? |
| The minimum hours of shift the part-time employee could be offered per shift are three successive hours. |
| 17 |
According to the Hospitality Industry (General) Award 2010, what are the mandated breaks an employee can take in their shift? |
|
The mandated breaks that the employee could take in their particular shifts are for 30 minutes unpaid break meal (Sutherland, 2013). |
| 18 |
According to the Hospitality Industry (General) Award 2010, what is the maximum allowed shift hours for a full-time employee and the mandated breaks between shifts? |
|
The maximum allowed hours of shift for the full-time employee is eight hours or more than that and they are entitled to the 30 minutes unpaid and 20 minutes paid breaks between shifts (Sutherland, 2013). |
| 19 |
According to the Hospitality Industry (General) Award 2010, what are the maximum allowed shift hours for a part-time employee and the mandated breaks between shifts? |
|
According to the Hospitality Industry(General) Award 2010, The maximum allowed shift hours for a part-time employee is between 5 to 6 hours and the mandated breaks between shifts will be 20 min. of unpaid break which is mandatory to be given to part-timers
|
| 20 |
List 5 different social and cultural considerations you should take into account when organising rosters |
|
Social and cultural considerations you should take into account when organising rosters are:
· Mentioning annual leaves
· There should be mention about the public holidays.
· There should be mentioned maximum hours allowed for a shift
· Mandated breaks allotted
· There should be mention whether the staff is on the permanent or contractual basis
|
| 21 |
What are some options for distributing rosters to staff? List 2 |
| The distribution of rosters to staff is necessary because it helps in knowing their duty timing and their work, some options of distribution are
· Always plan your roster before adding the name of the employee
· Always share the schedule with the whole staff
· Always fill busy shift to most experience staff of employees
|
| 22 |
List 5 advantages of using a rostering software program when creating rosters? |
| The 5 advantages of using a rostering software program when creating roasters are
I. It balances the employee versatility
II. There will be a shift in inequality
III. There is training consolidation
IV. Balancing of skills of employees
V. It will help in tracing records of absenteeism without doing any paperwork
|
| 23 |
List the definition for the following types of leave and their entitlements. |
| CARERS: the leave given when you temporary leave your job and do full-time care for who your care for.
COMPASSIONATE LEAVE: this leave is given in an emergency or in of loss of the family member
ILLNESS OR INJURY: leave given to the employee when the employee is ill or gets some injury
LONG SERVICE: this leave is entitled to 8 weeks of paid leave.
REHABILITATION OF INJURED WORKERS: leave provided to the employee to return to the job which they had before the injury.
STUDY: leaves which are provided to an employee for further studies
RECREATION: leaves which are provided for taking some rest from the job after continuous work.
|
| 24 |
Why is a good roster important in controlling staff costs in a business? |
| A good roster is important because it assigns the required number of employees at a particular time this will reduce the cost of employees and helps in controlling staff.
|
| 25 |
a) What is a wage budget?
b) How does a wage budget affect a business?
c) Why is it important for departments to be involved in the rostering process? |
| a) A wage budget is a money designated and assigned according to the work of employees.
b) Wage budgets help in allocating money and estimating revenue and plans and restrict any unnecessary spending.
c) It is important to involve all departments in rostering process because it will help in maintaining the workload and staff management for each department |
| 26 |
As a hospitality business, when would you employ the following staff and what factors would you need to consider when paying them?
a) Permanent Staff
b) Casual staff
c) Contractors |
|
a) PERMANENT STAFF- payment should be fixed and according to their workload
b) CASUAL STAFF- payment should be given according to their work performance
c) CONTRACTORS- payment should be given according to their knowledge and experience (Weber, 2017). |
| 27 |
In addition to legal requirements, many businesses have their organisational policies which impact the preparation of staffing rosters. List 3 policies that could affect rostering?
|
|
Policies that should be in mind while preparing a good staffing roster that could affect
I. Mention of holidays
II. Length of each shift
III. Mentioning employee size |
| 28 |
Explain how rostering could impact on the success of a business, in particular, if the employees are on single or multiple awards or enterprise agreements? |
|
A good roaster helps in keep track of each employee and their performance as well which help in growth of business and good roster contain detailed view of wage budget which help in maintaining the records of salaries and compensation of each employee which leads to success of any business and helps in smooth run of business (Weber, 2017). |
|
|
|
Assessor Use Only
Satisfactory (S) Not Satisfactory (NS)
Assessor Signature: _______________________________ Date: _____________
References
Andrews, S., Bare, L., Bentley, P., Goedegebuure, L., Pugsley, C., & Rance, B. (2016). Contingent academic employment in Australian universities. LH Martin Institute, 1-19.
Ibironke, O. T., Oladinrin, T. O., Adeniyi, O., & Eboreime, I. V. (2013). Analysis of non-excusable delay factors influencing contractors’ performance in Lagos state, Nigeria. Journal of Construction in Developing Countries, 18(1), 53.
Kotler, P. (2018). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism, 5/e. Pearson Education India.
Peterson, J. (2015). An Archive of Simple Ledgers Featuring the e2 um-mi-a (k),‘House of the Master,’at Old Babylonian Nippur: The Daily Rosters of a Scribal School?. Aula Orientalis, 33(1), 79-113.
Sutherland, C. E. (2013). Complexity and simplicity in Australian enterprise agreements: a content analysis of agreements in the higher education and fast food sectors, 1993–2011 (Doctoral dissertation, Monash University).
Weber, L. (2017). The end of employees. The Wall Street Journal, 2.
Assessment Task 1
Written questions
Question 1
(1.1). the policy and framework for disabled persons in the workplace are:
They have the right to work equally
The right of getting equal opportunities and favourable conditions for doing work
Disabled persons will also get equal access to technical as well as vocational training
(1.2) the organization policy or procedure that applies to the workplace for a disabled person are:
Disabled people should get equal opportunities for promotion in the workplace.
Disabled people will get according to the strengths that they possess and giving them a comfortable environment so that can work efficiently.
Question 2
(2.1) firstly you should find out the issue and then research about issue and causes of that issue and determine the solution best suitable for the issue, present the solution to your colleagues and take feedback from them and then analyze feedback and make changes accordingly.
(2.2)
Mind mapping: it is a technique in which a person makes a diagram of all task, concepts, and related ideas which is all around his one their central idea or theme.
The six thinking hats are techniques that help in boosting the critical thinking of a person these hats are logic, emotion, caution, optimization, creativity, and control.
Question 3
(3.1) 5 advantages of team problem-solving in the development of solutions are
Creative ideas of different people
Better risk handling
Better communication
Workload will get distributed among members
Better feedback on the solution
(3.2) 3 disadvantages of team problem-solving in the development of solutions are
Different approaches to problems among the members on which they do not get convinced
Unequal participation of team members
Question 4
(4.1) Basic steps in decision-making processes are:
Firstly whether the decision you are making is needed or not
Then before applying the decision thinks about possible outcomes because of the decision
Always makes decisions that minimize the risk for you as well as for others.
(4.2)
A decision tree is a model in which we visualize the possible outcomes and consequences from which we can create alternative ideas of creating and analyzing the decision without risk or less risk.
Decision tree analysis is an identifying process of finding out the risk factors and problems in decisions and finding out alternative and better decisions.
(4.3)
Bounded rationality: it is the barrier of humans because we are bounded by our thinking and limited source of information which sometimes leads to the satisfactory decision not best.
Escalation of commitment: it is a great barrier because sometimes we do not move on from our past decisions and we try to self justifies which leads to barriers in decision making.
Question 5
Desktop research: – it is a way of research for identifying issues in this method we try to find issues from our data that is already present in this no new data is collected for finding issues we use existing data which was collected to make our research effective.
Stack consulting:- it is the way of finding issues in which stack holding is a mutual relationship for their benefits
Question 6
(6.1) An organizational requirement is nothing but plans or goals that the organization wants to achieve in the future. The vision and also priorities of an organization are requirements.
(6.2) the organizational requirements for development are the effective ways in which an organization develops as a whole so it is important to manage the organization’s goal and vision and always take feedback on how it is working and manage the negatives and work on them in a positive attitude.
(6.3) The structure of development should be simple always focus on the vision that we set for the organization and take feedback at regular intervals so the faults can be managed properly and efficiently.
Question 7
(7.1) the purpose of the approval process is important because this helps in identifying the errors for all before they start their work and can do work or tasks inefficiently way.
(7.2) the development of the approval process should start with assigning approvers who have a right of approving work and rejecting it according to individual performance and then submitting the work to the final approver after improvement from approvers then you can publish that work.
Assessment Task 2
Project
Implementation of project
For implementing the project, the organization has to follow the set process and the required legal formalities. There will be a clear identification of the task which needs to be implemented. The scope of the process of problem-solving will be determined Identification of complex issues according to the prevailing job role and then consulting it with the relevant stakeholders. Documentation of task objectives and the risk involved in it Then, research the required legal framework and work according to mitigate any future contingencies. Calculation of required sources will be done and presenting them in front of the stakeholders. Leading solution development process regarding the issue identified. An ideation session will be conducted with the said stakeholders. By using critical thinking and brainstorming approaches, an evaluation of formulated solution will be done for checking the advantages and limitations of the proposed solution. After that, there comes a process of decision-making in which the ideal solution for the issue will be selected (Theobald et al., 2018). The same will be proposed in the brief for presenting it to the relevant stakeholders Developing the feedback by registering them into the feedback register and maintaining it systematically for further use of the organization Refining of the proposal which was based on the registered feedback. At last, seeking approval from the required authorities for implementing the solution In this way, the implementation of the project will be done. The whole process will be done systematically by consulting the relevant stakeholders. Communicating with the employees of the organization time and providing the necessary details. Proper management will be made for the given project and for resolving the issues. It is important to separate the facts from the opinions. Determination of process should be done wherever the existence of issue is found analyzing the procedures and policies of the organization. Discussing it with the team members and whoever is involved in gathering information. Defining the problem in specific terms Gathering all the required information for solving the problem (Cletus et al., 2018)
Training program
For conducting the training program it is important to keep the following things in mind-
Getting employees on board- before getting into the issue, it is important to confront the problem first. It is important to remind the employees that, the most significant thing here to assess will be the ability to solve the problem, and by confronting the issue they will understand it from within which will aid in sharpening their problem-solving skills. Their process of observation will become more prominent and they can work even more effectively.
Training employees to be alert for ancillary skills- it should be taught that focusing on personal growth is the key to enhancing the skills of an individual. The person should be creative, knows how to communicate, and should possess the curiosity to get involved in the task. The employees should reflect a feeling of coordination and collaboration in order to work in a team. The employee should be persistent and attentive in any case.
Providing practical approaches while providing training- by using real-life problems and considering real-life examples would be perfect to train the employees. Defining the problem clearly and going into depth about it. Budging the employees for exploring the given alternative and not just sticking to a set process.
Simplifying the process- the problem should always be divided into five steps for getting a simplified solution. First of all, there should be proper identification by structuring the whole issue, then brainstorming the possible solutions for the problem, making a decision, implementing it, and at last monitoring the outcome.
Role play
WHS officer- good morning all of you
Team members – good morning sir
WHS officer- I hope you all are doing well we are gathered here to discuss the solution to complex issues that arose in the workplace.
Team members – what are complex issues?
WHS officer- some of the complexities at work includes gross misconduct, like harassment or getting into the workplace drunk. The resolution will be depending upon the type of issue we are facing. Every type of issue will need a different approach.
Team members – how can we resolve these types of issues?
WHS officer- we will go deep into the problem for identifying the main issue. Analyze it and communicate the issue with the relevant parties involved. A discussion will be conducted for resolving the issue. Brainstorming techniques will be taken into consideration for finding a viable solution to the problem. Again, consulting it with the relevant stakeholders and making the final decision. Then, implementing the solution and getting the outcomes.
Team members- what are our job responsibilities?
WHS officer- my job responsibility is to manage the whole process of implementation of this project from identification of the issue to resolving and implementing it. You all need to understand the problem clearly and the risks involved in it. Do proper research on the legislative requirements for mitigating any future contingency. Calculate the required resources. We want your feedback on the proposal made.
Team members – okay sir, we got the clue about the required subject. We understood all of the details shared by you.
WHS officer- thank you so much for joining me. Mail me if there are any further queries.
Team members- we will, thank you, sir.
Roleplay
Manager- good morning all of you.
Team members- good morning sir.
Manager- I hope you all are doing good. I would like to tell you that we all are gathered here to talk about the job responsibilities each individual possesses. As we are working on the given project I am here to assign you your responsibilities.
Team members- what will be our responsibilities?
Manager- you all are being assigned for completing this project. No doubt, I will be assisting you wherever you need me in any of the given tasks. I will provide you with all the required details and information about your roles and responsibilities.
Team members- who will supervise us?
Manager- I will be there at each stage for supervising you all. It would be my responsibility for assisting you in each task. Along with that, I will check your overall performance and will provide you with the necessary feedback which you all have to take seriously. I want you all to share your respective idea on the project implementation.
Team members- okay sir; we will make sure to make the project work. The complex issues could be resolved by taking proper actions and making the management a little more strict by imposing penalties and a set of rules.
Manager – okay, we will consider your thoughtful approach. thank you so much for being a part of the discussion.
Team members- welcome sir, thank you for inviting us.
Activity 1
Scope problem-solving process
Template 1
| Scope problem-solving process |
| The complex issue for resolution |
| Complex issues are those which we face in our day-to-day life which has multiple solutions, we face some of them in the workplace. For resolving these issues it is important to keep your eye open and make sure to complain about the same. The issues identified in the workplace are gross misconduct, using slang/ informal/abusive language during working hours, arriving office drunk, etc. |
| Tasks objectives and risks involved in pursuing the identified issue |
| There are five core steps within the risk identification and management process. These steps include risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation, risk treatment, and risk monitoring
There are five methods for the identification of risk and the management process. They are risk identification, risk monitoring, evaluation of risk, analyzing risk, and risk treatment. Here the objective of the task is to resolve the complex issues present in the organization. the risks involved are workplace bullying, violence, stress, fatigue, harassment, depression, anxiety, and occupational violence. Some of the employees might get affected a lot and there could be a possibility of miscommunication of information. |
| Legislative framework and organizational policy or procedures applicable to the identified issue |
| Legislative frameworks and the policies used in an organization that are taken into consideration are-
Management of employee performance and discipline.
Work health and safety.
Following government norms, rules, and regulations imposed by them.
Abandon the use of drugs and alcohol.
Unnecessary use of social media.
Anti-discrimination.
Equal employment opportunity for all.
Using the company’s property accordingly.
Occupational health and safety factors.
|
| Resources required for the solution development process |
| The resources needed for solving the development process include land, human resources, good communication facilities, fixed place and property, raw materials, labor, capital, education, market, power sources, finances, commerce, infrastructure, etc.
Proper management and implementation will be the essence of the project. |
Activity 2
The lead solution development process
Part A
Ideation session
Under the ideation session, the following points will be taken into consideration for resolving the issue-
Ask the right question by innovating a strong focus on your audience, their requirements, and your thoughts and opinions about the concern.
Thinking beyond the obvious solution and enhancing the thought process. Getting feedback and ideas from the employees will help you out. It will help in getting a potential outcome.
Bringing everyone’s perspective together will aid in the strengthening of your team
There should be transparency in the discussion and uncovering the unexpected innovation areas.
Creating a good volume and variety in your options of innovations.
Getting obvious solutions out of your mind and trying to drive your team beyond that (Knight et al., 2019).
Outcomes of the ideation session
| Outcomes of the ideation session |
| Ideas or solutions discussed to resolve the complex workplace issue |
| Making separate management for complex issues
Employees should communicate with the management as soon as possible if they face any issues.
The name of the employee will be kept confidential so that they feel free to share their problems. |
| Advantages or limitations of formulated solutions or ideas |
| Advantages- 1. proper management
Employees will be able to organize their time efficiently and effectively.
They will learn to prioritize their work and will get to know how to plan, and execute the strategies.
Potential to think outside the box.
Developing abilities for addressing risks.
Employees will understand how to work under pressure.
It aids employees in understanding interdependency.
It allows employees in implementing required adjustments.
Limitations- 1. Management may become stringent which can affect the culture of the organization.
Employees may feel bounded and restricted.
Lack of communication |
| Most viable solution and basis for selection |
| Making separate management for such complex issues. If any of the employees face any of the issues they will report to the management as soon as possible and corrective measures and actions will be taken promptly for the same. |
| What decision-making processes were used to select the most viable solution? |
| Brainstorming and critical thinking aid in making the team select the most suitable solution for the issue stated. |
| How did you ensure that you articulate ideas and requirements clearly and persuasively using techniques appropriate to the audience and environment? |
| By conducting an inclusive meeting, under which every member of the team feels free to share their respective ideas and opinions. |
| What questioning and listening skills do you apply to elicit the views and opinions of others? |
| Letting everyone speak first and listening to them patiently will help the process. It aids in promoting the willingness to communicate. By avoiding interruptions and pre-judging. Considering the opinions and ideas of every employee at the same time and making them feel valued. This makes them more involved in the discussion and they will feel free to share their different ideas (Kane et al.,2021). |
Part B
Brief on the proposed solution
| Purpose |
| For resolving complex issues in the workplace. A project has been madde for implementing the resolution process for the said concern. |
| Main body |
| 1. Identify the problem
It is important to get into the problem from within and analyze it carefully for understanding it. A single issue can cause many problems. So, it should be mandatory to first identify the issue and its root cause of it. One should try to think about the people who get affected by the problem by listening and observing them.
2. Identification of alternative solutions.
There is a need of brainstorming all of the possible solutions for resolving the concerned issue. Asking for feedback and opinions from everyone who is affected by the problem will give a very apt solution to the problem. Surveys and research can also be used for generating new ideas.
3. Evaluating solutions.
After listing all the available alternatives, there comes the process of evaluation. It can be done by assessing the positive and negative consequences of each available option which were defined in the previous step. Analyzing and comparing all of them in terms of everything and then proceeding further (Fontana et al., 2015).
Selecting the most solution
After evaluating the solution, it is time to decide the most suitable and apt solution for the said concern. By keeping every factor in mind, the most suitable option will be selected.
5. Implementation of the chosen solution.
After selecting the required option, the next step comes will be the implementation of the solution which can be done by developing an action plan. Defining targets and separating them into measurable goals for monitoring the process of implementation. Defining and setting timelines for it, then communicating the plan to everyone. At last, developing channels of feedback were used during the whole process.
6. Monitoring progress and making adjustments accordingly.
It is very significant to keep an eye on your project and its progress. By continuously measuring it for ensuring that your proposed solution is working. Gathering data and feedback for the same from everyone for determining if the solutions meet your expectations or not (Colbert et al.,2016). |
| Conclusion/ recommendation |
| It can be concluded that by proper management and implementation process all the complex issues can be resolved. Different issues may need different approaches but the same method. |
Email –
| To: manager |
| Cc: supervisor |
| Bcc : |
| Subject: requesting a feedback |
| Respected sir,
This is to inform you that we have made a proposal plan for the complex issues found in our workplace. We have mentioned every detail of the said resolution. The proposal includes everything from the identification of issues to their implementations. We have also consulted the relevant stakeholders for the same.
Therefore, we would like to request your feedback on the proposal. We have attached the file, kindly go through it. |
Activity 3 – refining solution for implementation
Part A- feedback register
| Issue no. |
Description |
Raised by |
Action progress notes |
Status |
Data resolved |
| 1. |
Gross misconduct |
employee |
Taken into consideration, will implement the resolution soon. |
Will be implemented soon. |
The resolution process is on pace. |
| 2. |
Arriving at the office drunk |
Manager |
Strictly prohibited. |
Implemented. |
Resolved. |
| 3. |
Using slang and abusive language |
Team leader |
Taking corrective actions. |
Implemented. |
Resolving (Phillips,2016). |
Part B- refining proposal
The feedback received from the employees, manager, and team leader reflects very serious issues that need to be taken into consideration. These issues can not be neglected. Separate management will be made for resolving these kinds of issues. The gross misconduct under which a case of bullying was informed. We will be forming an anti-bullying team in the office and will start hiring the team for the same. We have got the information about using slang and abusive language on the office premises, it would be announced soon and will be mailed to every employee for that matter. A penalty will be imposed on the person who is found out using abusive language on the premises.. direct termination will be done in case any of the employees arrive at the office drunk. All of the rules will be followed strictly and there will be a gradation in the current plan in which we will include all of these concerns (Bonaccio et al.,2016).
Part C- seeking approval for implementing the solution
Mail
| To: Manager |
| Cc : |
| Bcc : |
| Subject: to get approval in order to implement the proposed solution. |
| Respected sir,
This is to inform you that I have checked the whole project and consulted it with the relevant stakeholders. The project was intended to be made for resolving complex issues. Certain changes were made after getting feedback from you. The proposal is being updated now.
Hereby, I request you to approve the proposal so that we can proceed further and take corrective measures for implementing it. I have attached all the required files and documents. If you have any queries, contact me.
|
References
Bonaccio, S., O’Reilly, J., O’Sullivan, S. L., & Chiocchio, F. (2016). Nonverbal behavior and communication in the workplace: A review and an agenda for research. Journal of Management, 42(5), 1044-1074.
Cletus, H. E., Mahmood, N. A., Umar, A., & Ibrahim, A. D. (2018). Prospects and challenges of workplace diversity in modern day organizations: A critical review. HOLISTICA–Journal of Business and Public Administration, 9(2), 35-52.
Colbert, A., Yee, N., & George, G. (2016). The digital workforce and the workplace of the future. Academy of management journal, 59(3), 731-739.
Fontana, R. P., Milligan, C., Littlejohn, A., & Margaryan, A. (2015). Measuring self‐regulated learning in the workplace. International Journal of Training and Development, 19(1), 32-52.
Kane, G. C., Nanda, R., Phillips, A., Copulsky, J., & Thompson, L. (2021). Collaboration, Culture, and Creativity in the New Workplace.
Knight, J., Fitton, D., Phillips, C., & Price, D. (2019). Design thinking for innovation. Stress testing human factors in ideation sessions. The Design Journal, 22(sup1), 1929-1939.
Phillips, J. P. (2016). Workplace violence against health care workers in the United States. New England journal of medicine, 374(17), 1661-1669.
Theobald, S., Brandes, N., Gyapong, M., El-Saharty, S., Proctor, E., Diaz, T., … & Peters, D. H. (2018). Implementation research: new imperatives and opportunities in global health. The Lancet, 392(10160), 2214-2228.